Suchergebnisse

Der Beitrag bespricht einen von Hartmur Esser (2002) vorgeschlagenen Modellansatz zur Erklärung von Scheidungen. Es wird gezeigt, dass es sich um ein behavioristisches Modell handelt, das auf irreführende Weise mit einer mentalistischen Rhetorik ausgestattet wird. Weiterhin wird gezeigt, dass Essers Modellansatz weder aus einer Beobachter-noch aus einer Akteursperspektive zu einer empirisch gehaltvollen Erklärung von Ehescheidungen verwender werden kann.

Denmark is notable for its commitment to gender equality & women's workforce participation. This chapter analyzes the influences of their spouses & their fathers on married women's labor involvement & status. The authors examine social, economic, & institutional aspects affecting female labor participation: the decline in marriage rates, increase in cohabitation incidence, & delay of marriage; the growth of public sector employment opportunities & social/child care benefits; & a tax code that does not provide a marriage incentive. They also examine statistical data about family & partnership status, as well as correlations among socioeconomic status, work background, income, & education. Categories of married women's employment status & transition patterns are also explicated. The findings demonstrate that married women workers generally act independently of spousal work-status influences, tend toward homogamous marriages based on paternal income on both sides, & more likely to transition to full-time work if they are well-educated & professionally oriented but more apt to work part-time if they have children. 4 Tables, 3 Figures, 1 Appendix, 19 References. K. Coddon

Examines the improvement in women's educational attainment across cohorts & its influence on the process of family formation in West Germany, based on data from the German Socioeconomic Panel, a representative longitudinal database for the former West Germany. An exponential model is used to specify the rates of entry into marriage & motherhood as a function of time-constant & time-dependent covariates. It is found that women's average levels of educational attainment have steadily risen from one birth cohort to another, & enrollment in the educational system has extended over the life-course. It is concluded that women's educational attainment accounts in part for changes in family formation. 10 Tables, 3 Figures, 27 References. M. Wagner

Employing a longitudinal event-history approach & economic theory of the family, the chapter examines spousal dynamics over time between spouses in West Germany. The authors focus on spouses' work transitions (eg, to & from full-time, part-time, & domestic work) & their interactions with family life cycles, class status, & gender roles. They attend as well to the extent & effects of assortative mating. They conclude that spousal symmetry, strong at the time of marriage, is affected by asymmetries in paid-labor & domestic-labor participation. Women's work transitions are also influenced by interruptions due to first childbirth, although data support their increasing reentry into full-time work after interruption. Work interruptions also tend to be greater among higher-income couples, indicating husbands' continued influence on wives' careers. Similarly, the social origin of the husband plays a role in the wife's employment. Social & cultural changes regarding working women notwithstanding, traditional gender-based values about child dependency & spousal class status remain significant in wives' labor force participation. 4 Tables, 4 Figures, 1 Appendix, 39 References. K. Coddon