Suchergebnisse

The Baku European Games, the first multi-sport mega-event held at a European level, was a major public relations undertaking by Azerbaijan. The games were framed by a trend involving large-scale sports events promoted by the Ilham Aliyev government, based on the profits of the second oil boom in the twenty-first century. The sports event served to internationally portray Azerbaijan as a rapidly developing country and in this way to increase national consciousness within the society, which was lacking a collective narrative in the post-Soviet era. Nonetheless, the downturn due to the fall of international oil prices negatively affected the impact of the sports mega-event. Moreover, the sports competition symbolized the government's commitment to impose reasons of state and nation-building over social needs and political freedoms in Azerbaijan. This article is based on empirical fieldwork carried out in Baku in the months following the multi-sports event.

El fútbol se erigió en un pilar comunitario en el siglo XX en las sociedades de América del Sur, durante el proceso de construcción nacional caracterizado por las desigualdades sociales. En esta coyuntura, su dimensión patriótica originaria ha sido apropiada distintivamente, tanto por la élite como por la sociedad civil. Este artículo aborda, mediante el análisis histórico del Mundial de Argentina 1978, el Mundialito de Uruguay 1980, y las protestas sucedidas durante la Copa de Confederaciones de 2013 en Brasil, tanto la instrumentalización hegemónica del evento del fútbol por parte de la élite en el poder como el uso contra hegemónico de los ciudadanos. Las conclusiones permiten desterrar así las visiones unidireccionales sobre las movilizaciones deportivas de condición patriótica, y realzar también la evolución transformadora acaecida en el evento del fútbol. Asimismo, el estudio sociológico del deporte emplazado en América del Sur permite vehicular y extrapolar el carácter conflictual de las sociedades actuales. ; Football in South American societies became a community pillar over the twentieth century, against the backdrop of nation building processes characterized by social inequalities. In this context, both elites and civil society made use of football's original patriotic influence in distinctive ways. Thus, through a historical analysis of three sporting events – the 1978 World Cup in Argentina, the 1980 'Mundialito' in Uruguay, and the protests that took place during the 2013 Confederations Cup in Brazil – this article looks at the different ways in which football is used by the ruling governments and the citizens; namely a hegemonic use by the elite and a contra-hegemonic usage by the civil society. In this manner, the conclusions allow to banish the persistent beliefs about the one-sided hegemonic character of the sport phenomenon and highlight the transformative evolution reflected in football events. Similarly, the sociological approach to sport in South America leads to conclude the conflictual nature of contemporary societies.

Football in South American societies became a community pillar over the twentieth century, against the backdrop of nation building processes characterized by social inequalities. In this context, both elites and civil so­ciety made use of football's original patriotic influence in distinctive ways. Thus, through a historical analysis of three sporting events – the 1978 World Cup in Argentina, the 1980 'Mundialito' in Uruguay, and the protests that took place during the 2013 Confederations Cup in Brazil – this article looks at the different ways in which football is used by the ruling governments and the citi­zens; namely a hegemonic use by the elite and a contra-hegemonic usage by the civil society. In this manner, the con­clusions allow to banish the persistent beliefs about the one-sided hegemonic character of the sport phenomenon and highlight the transformative evolution re­flected in football events. Similarly, the sociological approach to sport in South America leads to conclude the conflict­ual nature of contemporary societies. ; El fútbol se erigió en un pilar comunitario en el siglo XX en las sociedades de América del Sur, durante el proceso de construcción nacional caracterizado por las desigualdades sociales. En esta coyuntura, su dimensión patrió- tica originaria ha sido apropiada distintivamente, tanto por la élite como por la sociedad civil. Este artículo aborda, mediante el análisis histórico del Mundial de Argentina 1978, el Mundialito de Uruguay 1980, y las protestas sucedidas durante la Copa de Confederaciones de 2013 en Brasil, tanto la instrumentalización hegemónica del evento del fútbol por parte de la élite en el poder como el uso contra hegemónico de los ciudadanos. Las conclusiones permiten desterrar así las visiones unidireccionales sobre las movilizaciones deportivas de condición patriótica, y realzar también la evolución transformadora acaecida en el evento del fútbol. Asimismo, el estudio sociológico del deporte emplazado en América del Sur permite vehicular y extrapolar el carácter conflictual de las sociedades actuales.

1 Interpreting sport and transition in post-socialist and post-Soviet Europe: States, nations and markets ÁLVARO RODRÍGUEZ-DÍAZ, JOEL ROOKWOOD AND EKAIN ROJO-LABAIEN PART 1: Neoliberal sport in the post-socialist countries of Eastern Europe 2 The transformation of sport in post-communist Hungary: A transitology-informed approach GYOZO MOLNAR AND TAMÁS DÓCZI 3 The politics of sport in Poland after 1945: From socialist mass sports to market-oriented elite sports? JACEK DROZDA, KRZYSZTOF JASKULOWSKI AND PIOTR MAJEWSKI 4 Sport as a mirror of society: The case of Croatia SUNCICA BARTOLUCI 5 Capacities for change: Insights into the Lithuanian sports system 60 VILMA CINGIENE AND RENATAS MIZERAS PART 2 Sport transition from the socialist state to the open market 6 The Romanian sport system: Paths to commercialisation LÁSZLÓ PÉTER 7 Playing in long shadows: Bosnian sport after Yugoslavia, socialism and war RICHARD MILLS 8 Sport and physical activity in post-communist Albania PHILIPPA VELIJA 9 Sport in post-socialist Ukraine MARYNA KRUGLIAK AND OLEKSANDR KRUGLIAK 10 Statehood, nationalism and separatism: The role and meaning of sport in Georgia and its breakaway republics JOEL ROOKWOOD PART 3 Post-Soviet presidentialism and sport mega events 11 Sport in the political and economic transition in Belarus: State nationalism and mega events ÁLVARO RODRÍGUEZ-DÍAZ 12 Seeking out a nation?: Sport policy changes in post-Soviet Russia VITALII GOROKHOV 13 Russia and the politics of extraverted urbanism in the 2014 Winter Olympics and the 2018 World Cup OLEG GOLUBCHIKOVAND SVEN DANIELWOLFE 14 Oil-funded sports events as the embodiment of the evolution of post-Soviet Azerbaijan EKAIN ROJO-LABAIEN 15 Sports politics in authoritarian regimes: The synergies of sport, ideology and personality cult in Turkmenistan SLAVOMÍR HORÁK 16 Sport, transition and nation-state building: Evidence from post- Soviet and post-socialist states 268 JOEL ROOKWOOD, EKAIN ROJO-LABAIEN AND ÁLVARO RODRÍGUEZ-DÍAZ Index