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EXTENDS VOICE-EXIT PARADIGM TO DEMONSTRATE INTERACTION OF VARIOUS CORPORATE GROUPS CONTROLLING THE RESOURCES WHICH ULTIMATELY DETERMINE STATE DECISIONS AND FUNCTIONING. APPLIES THE TERRITORIALITY-FUNCTIONALITY DIALECTIC IN ANALYSIS OF THE NORWEGIAN AND DANISH REFERENDA ON THE EEC AND PRESENT DEBATE OVER EXPANDING STATE CONTROL OVER FISHING RIGHTS AND SEABED EXPLORATION IN THE HIGH SEAS.

THE THREE SCANDINAVIAN ELECTIONS IN THE AUTUMN OF 1973 OFFER EXCITING DATA FOR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS. THERE IS A GREAT DEAL OF EVIDENCE OF A WIDESPREAD "DEFREEZING" OF THE ALIGNMENT STRUCTURES OF THE FIFTIES AND EARLY SIXTIES AND OF INCREASING VOLATILITY WITH IN NATIONAL ELECTORATES. WHAT WE WANT TO KNOW IS HOW FAR THE EEC WAS AN ISSUE IN ITS OWN RIGHT.

Attempts to devise models for the explanation of the many striking diff's in the style & structure of mass pol within Europe have as their principal aim to account for variations in 2 sets of parallel processes of change in European pol'al systems since 1789: (1) the sequences of steps in the instit'ization of formal mass democracy; (2) the timing of the growth & the stabilization of org's for the mobilization of mass support through new channels, the formation & the "freezing" of org'ed party alternatives within each nat'l pol'al system. The real problem is the construction of a unified model for the interaction between the 2 processes of change to account for step-by-step changes in the pedigree of party alternatives from one phase of democratization/mo bilization to the next. A possible procedure is to work on paired comparisons of nat'l developments: to start out from the distinctions in the original models & then check through for each pair how many of the actual diff's in sequences & structures can be roughly accounted for in these terms & how many require further diff'iations. Illustrations of paired comparisons of steps in the development of mass democracy in Denmark & Sweden, & Finland & Ireland, help to establish one general conclusion: a unified model of explanation must work with sets of time-specified variables of which 4 basic categories can be distinguished--precondition variables, elite response variables, mobilizational context variables, dependent variables. The emphasis is on time-specified codings over several cent's of pol'al development, & on cyclical linkages over time within a unified model of possible paths of development. IPSA.