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In the paper, an analysis is presented of the new solutions in government support for the opportunities for providing for the needs of children in families introduced in Poland, which have become a flag electoral project of the right-wing political party Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość). After the parliamentary elections of 2015 the work on a new bill began and in the first quarter of 2016 the Act on government help in upbringing children went into effect. The regulation was intended as a countermeasure to the demographic crisis in Poland. According to this new legal regulation, single parents raising one child may not be able to collect the new benefit. This regulation encourages single parents to leave employment and live on benefits from social services and child-support benefits.

The purpose of the present paper is to compare three levels of discourse on the subject of the 21stcentury family. The macro scale is represented by the ideas of the International Year of the Family + 20, the meso scale – by the postulates of the government of Poland aimed at the implementation of international presumptions in Poland. The reality experienced by single parents and its inherent evaluation of the realization of the government's postulates constitutes the micro scale. Comparison of the three perspectives allows for a discernment of the shortcomings of the government's postulates as well as the somewhat superficial character of the undertaken actions. ; Straipsnyje aptariamos trys šeimai palankios politikos perspektyvos: tarptautinė, kurią formuoja Jungtinės Tautos (straipsnyje vadinama makro perspektyva), nacionalinė, kuri apima šeimai palankios politikos veiksmus, kuriuos inicijuoja Lenkijos vyriausybė (mezzo perspektyva) ir teisinių normų, susijusių su vienišąja tėvyste, įgyvendinimas (mikro perspektyva). Autorė teigia, kad Lenkijoje vykdoma šeimai palanki politika neužtikrina visoms nepilnoms (vienišų tėvų) šeimoms reikiamos paramos arba ta parama yra nepakakama ir menkinančio pobūdžio.

The main aim of the paper is the analysis of the effects of actions undertaken so far that have aimed at shaping brand awareness of the parks in Eastern Poland supported under the Operational Programme Development of Eastern Poland. The authors focused on the demand-side perspective and scrutinized two vectors of conscious branding: the surrounding environment and communication with customers. The group of potential customers underwent qualitative research (ITI interviews). The research in the group of the actual customers was conducted by means of quantitative methods (CAPI and CATI interviews). The results of the study indicate the lack of knowledge of the parks' functioning, the lack of awareness of the benefits that could be achieved while cooperating with parks, low effectiveness of the existing forms of promotion of the parks, but also the high needs for innovation support among entrepreneurs. On the basis of the study results, the authors formulated recommendations for improving the promotion of parks.

Aims. Apart from its numerous benefits, the development of the information society has also resulted in the digital exclusion of people who do not have the competence to use a computer and the Internet. This group is largely made up of older people. The European Union has taken a number of measures to reduce the digital divide, including the funding of ICT training programmes. The research which forms the basis for creating such training for seniors has focused on an analysis of various forms of genealogical activity on the Internet. The authors assumed that seniors are somehow predestined for genealogical activity, due to their age and experience. It was therefore decided to base the computer training programme on the development of genealogical interests.
Methods. The study identified and categorized various forms of genealogical activity on the Internet, and the research was based on "genealogy" records in the Google search engine. Explorations were carried out in four countries: Poland, Turkey, Italy and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Results. As a result of the explorations, it was found that genealogical activity on the Internet falls into four basic categories: (1) sources of knowledge about genealogy, (2) tools for creating family trees, (3) presentation of the results of genealogical searches, (4) virtual genealogical communities. The last (5) category is of a commercial nature and includes genealogical accessories stores.
Conclusion. Research conducted in the area of genealogical activity on the Internet leads to the conclusion that it may be an additional motivation for older people to undertake training in the field of ICT, which prompts further didactic and research directions. On the basis of the analysis, the implementation of the training programme in the Learning Tree project was designed and set in motion.

After the end of World War I, in 1918, Poland regained its independence to once again find its place on the map of the world after 123 years. Thus, Polish jurists were faced with the task of creating an entirely new legal order, in the realm of the law of the state system as well as criminal, administrative, civil, and family law. The evolution of the questions pertaining to the parentage of a child was key in the realisation of the child's right to know their identity, in granting children citizenship of the newly founded state of Poland, and in securing their social, civil, and political rights. The laws of the previous governments would clearly stigmatise children born illegitimi thori. The year 1946 brought the first mitigation of the division into marital and non-marital children, and in 1950 the division was abolished. The subsequent legislative changes were aimed to follow the advances in biological and medical sciences. In its directives the Supreme Court wold accept the successive methods of establishing parentage moving gradually from the prevalence of personal sources in court proceedings to that of DNA tests. Exegesis of legal text and analysis of judicial decisions and literature. After one hundred years of adapting legal regulations to social changes and scientific discovery Poland still faces the necessity to regulate the crucial issues of in vitro fertilisation and surrogacy. The one-hundred-years evolution of legislation and jurisdiction in Poland in the context of the development of new methods of establishing parentage is described in the present paper.

Wrocław ; [215]-231 p., summary, bibliography ; Wrocław ; [215]-231s, streszcz., bibliogr.