Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales. Maestría en Derecho de la Información ; Trying to unravel the sense of the right to the dignity of the person within the framework of the right to information, carries many different facets: ethical, social, legal; However, all of them are part of the very nature of every physical person, since through them presupposes not only the constant respect towards the physical person, to be valued and honored; Given that in addition the person as such requires to be respected in their basic natural rights, as they are: life, freedom, equality, reason why, the right to dignity comes to be in every subject, essential and basic right Of which every natural person must enjoy and which must indisputably be respected, in every state of law. For that reason, the human being to be able to live with dignity, needs not only of his personal effort, but also of the recognition of all the people with whom he establishes daily relations, be they physical or collective entities, like the State; Since every physical person necessarily needs that recognition, because otherwise his dignity will be affected, either because he is prevented from having access to the resources, to the development of his capacity, security or power that he needs to make that right to live With human dignity. However, the right to human dignity can only be obtained by being reached individually in an extrinsic way by the person and, intrinsically in the valuation of his own being and as mentioned in the present work, by giving it efficiency in a way External to other natural rights, which are essential as the right to freedom, equality, freedom of expression and, of course, the right to information, among other fundamental rights recognized in an incipient way by our Political Constitution of the United States Mexicans. ; Intentar desentrañar el sentido del derecho a la dignidad de la persona dentro del marco del derecho a la información, conlleva muy diversas facetas: éticas, sociales, jurídicas; no obstante, todas ...
A partir de lo observado en San Andrés Isla y del estudio exploratorio de normas, doctrina y jurisprudencia nacional, así como del examen de información existente en medios electrónicos y el análisis de instrumentos internacionales de la Organización Marítima Internacional (OMI) acogidos, así como de otros no adoptados por la legislación interna como la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar (Convemar), este artículo de reflexión pretende demostrar que en Colombia existe una laguna jurídica respecto del tema de remoción de restos de naufragio, siendo necesario que el Estado adopte mediante ley el Convenio Internacional de Nairobi 2007, para contar con procedimientos aplicables cuando sea necesario rescatar y remover buques que tengan siniestros marítimos en aguas jurisdiccionales. ; Judging by the looks of the San Andres situation and the studies in the field of law, doctrine and jurisprudence, as well as the review of the existing information in electronic media and analysis of international instruments adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), as well as other non-adopted instruments by Colombia legislation such as the United Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), this article aims to demonstrate that in Colombia there is a legal vacuum on the issue of wreck removal, being necessary the adoption of the Nairobi International Convention of 2007, through an act of legislation in order to have an applicable framework regarding the removal and rescue of maritime casualties in territorial waters.
El autor revisa diversas propuestas conceptuales sobre el término liberalismo a la luz de la experiencia internacional y nacional; analiza los conceptos de neoliberalismo y liberalismo social mexicano, este último tomado como definición de la estrategia modernizadora del ex presidente Salinas de Gortari, buscando atender simultáneamente los aspectos de la eficiencia de la economía y la equidad en el cuerpo social. En suma, analiza y dilucida sobre los alcances, significados y limitaciones del liberalismo social mexicano.
El trabajo es una de las principales manifestaciones del ser humano a nivel mundial, tiene importante trascendencia en la vida económica, social, política, ambiental de la sociedad. Por tal razón, el trabajo está protegido por principios y normas legales a fin de aminorar la desigualdad existente en la relación trabajador-empleador. No obstante, aún prevalece el irrespeto a los derechos laborales como práctica normalizada en la sociedad, frente a lo cual, en la actualidad, han emergido nuevas figuras jurídicas para garantizarlo. En Ecuador, con el objetivo de garantizar la estabilidad laboral de las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad, específicamente, de mujeres embarazadas, en condición de gestación o maternidad y de dirigentes sindicales, en el año 20105, se crea la figura jurídica del "Despido Ineficaz", como procedimiento especial frente al despido injustificado, cuya razón de ser es la reintegración inmediata del trabajador despedido y la reparación integral de sus derechos vulnerados. En este contexto, la presente investigación analiza los casos de acción de despido ineficaz presentados en la provincia del Azuay, durante el periodo 2015-2019, evidenciando que, en la aplicación de las normas constitucionales y legales se generan efectos jurídicos que conllevan a la inadmisibilidad de la demanda, entre otras cosas, por la manifestación expresa del trabajador de no reintegrarse a sus funciones en el momento de la pretensión, invalidando con ello la razón de ser de esta figura jurídica, a la solicitud de indemnizaciones que no se corresponden y, en el caso de mujeres gestantes, por incumplir con la obligación de notificar su condición a su empleador mediante la presentación de certificado médico que lo avale. De igual manera, un punto crítico en la aplicabilidad de la norma es el reducido tiempo del proceso (principio de agilidad) ocasionando serios inconvenientes, tanto para la persona accionante como para el empleador, por la dificultad de reunir las pruebas solicitadas para admitir, o no, la ineficacia del despido. Asimismo, otro tema que genera complicaciones es la dificultad para notificar judicialmente a las personas demandadas; estos dos temas configuran las principales causas para el abandono de las demandas en la provincia del Azuay. Concluyendo que, la Constitución y la Normativa Laboral son instrumentos normativos idóneos para garantizar los derechos fundamentales; sin embargo, para materializar sus mandatos y hacer efectivas las garantías es necesario, adecuar, de manera formal y material, las leyes y demás normas jurídicas. ; Globally, work is one of the main manifestations of the human being, it has important importance in the economic, social, political, environmental life of society. For this reason, work is protected by legal principles and norms in order to reduce the inequality in the worker-employer relationship. However, disrespect for labor rights still prevails as a normalized practice in society, against which, today, new legal figures have emerged to guarantee it. In the case of Ecuador, with the objective of guaranteeing the job stability of people in vulnerable situations, specifically, of pregnant women, pregnant or maternity and union leaders, in 20105, the legal figure of " Ineffective Dismissal ", as a special procedure against unjustified dismissal, whose raison d'être is the immediate reintegration of the dismissed worker and the integral reparation of their violated rights. In this context, the present investigation analyzes the cases of ineffective dismissal action in the province of Azuay, during the period 2015-2019, evidencing that in the application of the constitutional and legal norms legal effects are generated that leads to the inadmissibility of the demand for the manifestation of the decision not to return to their functions at the time of the claim, invalidating the reason for the creation of this legal figure, other reasons are the request for compensation that does not correspond to the agility that involves the processing of this figure and the breach of the obligation, in the case of female workers, of the notification of their condition by presenting a medical certificate that guarantees it However, a critical point in its application is the reduced time of the process that generates serious problems, both for the person acting and for the employer, due to the difficulty of gathering the evidence requested to admit or not the inefficiency of dismissal, in the same way Another issue that generates serious problems is the difficulty in notifying people of demands, these two issues are the main causes for abandoning demands in the province of Azuay. Concluding, therefore, that the Constitution and Labor Regulations are suitable normative instruments to guarantee fundamental rights, however, in order to materialize their mandates and make guarantees effective, it is necessary to adapt, in a formal and material way, the laws and others legal norms. ; Magíster en Derecho Laboral y Seguridad Social ; Cuenca
Purpose: COVID-19 is expected to enhance hospitality robotization because frontline robots facilitate social distancing, lowering contagion risk. Investing in frontline robots emerges as a solution to recover customer trust and encourage demand. However, we ignore how customers perceive these initiatives and, therefore, their efficacy. Focusing on robot employment at hotels and on Generation Z customers, this study aims to analyze guests' perceptions about robots' COVID-19 prevention efficacy and their impact on booking intentions. Design/methodology/approach: This study tests its hypotheses combining an experimental design methodology with partial least squares. Survey data from 711 Generation Z individuals in Spain were collected in 2 periods of time. Findings: Generation Z customers consider that robots reduce contagion risk at hotels. Robot anthropomorphism increases perceived COVID-19 prevention efficacy, regardless of the context where the robots are used. Robots' COVID-19 prevention efficacy provokes better attitudes and higher booking intentions. Research limitations/implications: The sampling method used in this research impedes this study's results generalization. Further research could replicate this study using random sampling methods to ensure representativeness, even for other generational cohorts. Practical implications: Employing robots as a COVID-19 prevention measure can enhance demand, especially if robots are human-like. Hoteliers need to communicate that robots can reduce contagion risk, particularly in markets more affected by COVID-19. Robots must be employed in low social presence contexts. Governments could encourage robotization by financially supporting hotels and publicly acknowledging its benefits regarding COVID-19 prevention. Originality/value: This study combines preventive health, robotics and hospitality literature to study robot implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on Generation Z guests – potential facilitators of robot diffusion ; Carolan Research Forum – ORT 2020; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, project PID2020-113561RB-I00
Las armas nucleares desempeñan un papel indispensable para la supervivencia política de la dinastía de los Kim y es por esa razón que incluso Kim Il Sung anhelaba contar con ellas. La política exterior estadounidense, principalmente en la península de Corea, proveyó los incentivos para que Corea del Norte adquiriera armas de destrucción masiva, y no es posible lograr avances significativos en la desnuclearización de la República Popular Democrática de Corea si no se logra garantizar la supervivencia y el bienestar de la dinastía Kim.
Purpose – Efficiency in retailing companies is mandatory for survival. Literature acknowledges external factors impact on efficiency. However, this impact remains understudied, as previous research typically focuses on managerial decisions. The purpose of this paper is to partially fill this gap by exploring the influence of external factors on retailers' efficiency. Design/methodology/approach – This research simultaneously measures retail efficiency and evaluates the impact of six potential drivers by applying bootstrap techniques in a sample of 25 European Union countries during the period 2006–2015. Findings – The efficiency of the retail system in the countries under analysis evolves at different paces during the observation period. This evolution can be explained by country population density, average store size within countries, foreign trade ratio, concentration, economic freedom and percentage of urban population. Research limitations/implications – This research does not account for supply and demand restrictions that might affect retailers' efficiency, as well as other variables that influence their production process. Practical implications – This paper might help retail managers to comprehend and manage their companies' efficiency. Furthermore, it provides clues to evaluate market attractiveness in retailers' international expansion strategies. Social implications – Policy makers can facilitate retailers' efficiency through regulations on external variables that influence retailers' performance, namely economic freedom and foreign trade ratio. Originality/value – For the first time, this study analyses the impact of external factors on retail services efficiency across countries.
