Suchergebnisse

Because of its peculiar biology, its negative impacts on forestry, and its urticating larvae affecting human and animal health, pine processionary moth has largely been studied in many European countries during the last century. However, knowledge remained scattered and no synthesis has ever been published. Moreover, the predictions sometimes appear inconsistent with the present situation where warming up is triggering the expansion in both latitude and altitude of this species showing a winter larval development very sensitive to weak variations in temperatures. Thus, this forest pest is turning to an urban sanitary threat. Since the IPCC retained the moth as one of the two insect indicators of climate change, filling this knowledge gap became increasingly important. Successive projects developed since 2000 at the European and French levels (ANR URTICLIM) made large progresses in characterizing the processes underlying past, present and future moth expansion, in precising the adaptive mechanisms acting during expansion, in predicting the risks for specific biodiversity as well as for human and animal populations, and in identifying management methods adapted to the colonized areas. The international network PCLIM (International research network about the adaptive response of processionary moths and their associated organisms to global change') was then founded by INRA in 2011, with the publishing of this book as a major target. It associates 101 authors from 22 countries of Europe, Minor Asia and North Africa, combining all the concerned research fields (entomology, ecology, genetics, mathematical modelling, medical and veterinary science, pest management) in a multidisciplinary approach of the natural history, genetics, phylogeography, impact on all organisms (tree, insect biodiversity, humans, animals), risk modelling, and management strategies for pine processionary moth. Besides, the major biological patterns of the related processionary species are detailed

Cet article propose d'étudier la place des vidéos YouTube de parties du jeu vidéo Fortnite, un jeu compétitif et très populaire, dans la pratique de deux groupes de collégiens jouant régulièrement à ce jeu au moment de l'enquête. En adoptant une démarche ethnographique fondée sur des entretiens semi-directifs, des observations et des discussions informelles avec les différents garçons qui composent ces deux groupes, nous souhaitons mettre en lumière une pratique solitaire de consommation de vidéos et dévoiler leur rôle, souvent dissimulé au groupe de pairs, dans l'apprentissage de ce jeu. L'analyse de la portée préfigurative, puis configurative, des vidéos regardées révèle une dimension autonome et solitaire de l'apprentissage. Il est cependant nécessaire de replacer ces consommations au sein du groupe de pratique, et d'envisager le recours aux vidéos comme un palliatif aux manques didactiques du groupe de pratique, mais aussi dans certains cas comme rattrapage culturel.