Suchergebnisse

The intersex movement in the past two decades has challenged social, medical, and academic conceptions of sex and gender. In the same period, genetic studies of sex determination, largely derived from research on intersex conditions, has revolutionized long-standing theories of sex determination. This current molecular genetics research is upending ancient sexist prejudices in biology. It also elucidates the dizzying complexity of biological sex that is well beyond simplistic sex binarism and involves multiple interactions between genes and environment.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: The Politics of Solitary Pleasures -- 1. Autonomy as Deviance: Sixteenth-Century Images of Witches and Prostitutes -- 2. Playing with Herself: Feminine Sexuality and Aesthetic Indifference -- 3. Forbidden Pleasures: Enlightenment Literature of Sexual Advice -- 4. Phantastical Pollutions: The Public Threat of Private Vice in France -- 5. Jane Austen and the Masturbating Girl -- 6. The Social Evil, the Solitary Vice, and Pouring Tea -- 7. "The Roots of the Orchis, the Iuli of Chestnuts": The Odor of Male Solitude -- 8. "Pomegranate-Flowers": The Phantasmic Productions of Late-Nineteenth-Century Anglo-American Women Poets -- 9. Fragments of a Poetics: Bonnetain and Roth -- 10. Can Robinson Crusoe Find True Happiness (Alone)? Beyond the Genitals and History on the Island of Hope -- 11. Coming in Handy: The J/O Spectacle and the Gay Male Subject in Almodóvar -- Notes on Contributors -- Index.

Conversion therapies are any treatments, including individual talk therapy, behavioral (e.g. aversive stimuli), group therapy or milieu (e.g. "retreats or inpatient treatments" relying on all of the above methods) treatments, which attempt to change an individual's sexual orientation from homosexual to heterosexual. However these practices have been repudiated by major mental health organizations because of increasing evidence that they are ineffective and may cause harm to patients and their families who fail to change. At present, California, New Jersey, Oregon, Illinois, Washington, DC, and the Canadian Province of Ontario have passed legislation banning conversion therapy for minors and an increasing number of US States are considering similar bans. In April 2015, the Obama administration also called for a ban on conversion therapies for minors.