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Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1: Introduction -- 2: North America: Canada and the USA -- Canada -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- Nunavut -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- The USA -- Flooding and Drought -- Southwest -- Southeast -- Northeast -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- New York -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Interview -- Interview -- Interview -- 3: South America: Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina -- Introduction -- Brazil -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- City Profile: Rio de Janeiro -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Ecuador -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Argentina -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Interview -- 4: Southeast Asia: Thailand, Myanmar, Japan -- Thailand -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Myanmar -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Japan -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security -- Climate Change Refugees -- City Profile: Tokyo -- Innovation and Adaption Strategies -- Interview -- Interview -- Interview -- Interview -- 5: China -- Introduction -- Flooding and Drought -- Extreme Weather -- Health, Human Development and Food Security

"Examines the foremost human rights issue of the twenty-first century: clean drinking water. Dynamic and vital water issues are explored in nine countries: Burma/Myanmar, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. 800 million people today have no clean water sources. This number will soar to over two billion by 2050 because of pollution, surging population in the developing world, and climate change, which will accelerate drought, flooding, and disease. The global community has a historic and epic task to establish innovative and sustainable practices at both the international and village level to safeguard the precious human right to water for billions of citizens"--

The article explores the paramount human rights and development crisis facing China and India-water scarcity. Both countries are facing alarming water shortages that are exacerbated by dangerous pollution levels, population growth, and climate change impacts such as drought, elevated water-borne disease episodes, flooding, and salt-water intrusion. Millions of citizens in China and India are deprived of safe, clean water in their environment, which threatens healthy socio-economic development. Through the perspective of the human security paradigm, the article analyzes the water security scenario in each country. (Asian Aff/GIGA)

"Child Trafficking in Thailand: Prevention and Prosecution Challenges" examines the deep rooted problem of child trafficking in Thailand and the systemic realities of marginalization, corruption, low police training and salaries and poverty that have led to ineffective law enforcement against traffickers. (Asian Aff/GIGA)

The impact of the United Nations "Healthy Prisons" initiative has highlighted the importance of health and health promotion in incarcerated populations. This invaluable book discusses the many health and medical issues that arise or are introduced into prisons from the perspective of both inmates and prison staff. Health and Health Promotion in Prison places key issues in prison healthcare into a historical perspective and investigates contemporary policy drivers. It then addresses the significant legal issues relating to health in prison settings and the human rights implications and question.

Many scholars claim that democracy improves the welfare of the poor. This article uses data on infant and child mortality to challenge this claim. Cross‐national studies tend to exclude from their samples nondemocratic states that have performed well; this leads to the mistaken inference that nondemocracies have worse records than democracies. Once these and other flaws are corrected, democracy has little or no effect on infant and child mortality rates. Democracies spend more money on education and health than nondemocracies, but these benefits seem to accrue to middle‐ and upper‐income groups.

▪ Abstract  Studies of natural resource wealth and civil war have been hampered by measurement error, endogeneity, lack of robustness, and uncertainty about causal mechanisms. This paper develops new measures and new tests to address these problems. It has four main findings. First, the likelihood of civil war in countries that produce oil, gas, and diamonds rose sharply from the early 1970s to the late 1990s; so did the number of rebel groups that sold contraband to raise money. Second, exogenous measures of oil, gas, and diamond wealth are robustly correlated with the onset of civil war. Still, these correlations are based on a small number of cases, and the substantive effects of resource wealth are sensitive to certain assumptions. Third, petroleum and diamond production lead to civil wars through at least three different mechanisms. Finally, the only resource variable robustly linked to conflict duration is a measure of "contraband," which includes gemstones, timber, and narcotics.

Studies of natural resource wealth & civil war have been hampered by measurement error, endogeneity, lack of robustness, & uncertainty about causal mechanisms. This paper develops new measures & new tests to address these problems. It has four main findings. First, the likelihood of civil war in countries that produce oil, gas, & diamonds rose sharply from the early 1970s to the late 1990s; so did the number of rebel groups that sold contraband to raise money. Second, exogenous measures of oil, gas, & diamond wealth are robustly correlated with the onset of civil war. Still, these correlations are based on a small number of cases, & the substantive effects of resource wealth are sensitive to certain assumptions. Third, petroleum & diamond production lead to civil wars through at least three different mechanisms. Finally, the only resource variable robustly linked to conflict duration is a measure of "contraband," which includes gemstones, timber, & narcotics. Tables, Figures, Appendixes, References. Adapted from the source document.