Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of grain production in Ukraine, to identify priority factors of influence and to justify directions for its further improvement. Research methods. In the process of research a number of methods were used: abstract-logical - to formulate conclusions; comparative analysis - to compare the efficiency of grain production and identify trends in their change; tabular - for a visual representation of the results of the study; statistical - in determining the variation of production volumes and efficiency indicators of grain crops; calculation-constructive - for calculation of indicators of efficiency of production of grain crops and substantiation of their normative indicators; monographic - when detailing the current level of efficiency of the grain economy of Ukraine; factor analysis - to determine the factors influencing the profitability of grain production. Research results. Research has established a trend of stability of grain production in Ukraine. The progressive dynamics of growth of size and transformation of structure of expenses for production of grain crops is established, imbalances between growth of expenses and results of managing of commodity producers of grain crops in the context of regions of Ukraine are revealed. A comprehensive analysis of indicators of absolute and relative efficiency of grain production. The factor analysis of change of indicators of profitability of production of grain crops in Ukraine is carried out. The levels of normative prime cost and equivalent price of 1 ton of winter wheat and corn for grain are calculated. The main directions of increasing the efficiency of grain production are proposed. Scientific novelty. Methodological and practical aspects of studying the efficiency of grain production and substantiation of the directions of its increase have been further developed. Practical significance. These approaches and research results can be used by public and sectoral authorities in the organization of monitoring and development of priority measures to improve the efficiency of the domestic grain industry. Tabl.: 8. Refs.: 26.

The purpose of the article is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the raw material market of wine products, production and distribution of wine through sales channels, opportunities and restrictions on the sale of wine in domestic and foreign markets; to determine the state and potential volumes of wine consumption in Ukraine; to elaborate ways and directions of development of production and consumer potential of the domestic wine market to ensure supply and demand formation. Research methods includes an abstract-logical method to substantiate the production and consumer potential of the market; analysis and synthesis – to establish the size of the area, yield, gross harvest, processing of grapes into wine materials, range of products, geography of export and import and wine consumption; economical and statistical and balance methods – for identifying trends and patterns of production and factors influencing the market of wine products, imbalances in the production and consumption of wine in the domestic market; comparative and calculation-constructive methods – to compare the levels of wine consumption in Ukraine and EU countries and substantiation of the consumer potential of the wine market in Ukraine; standard-cost method - for determining the amount of investment in the raw material base of the wine industry to develop production capacity and ensure supply in the wine market. Research results. Analysis of the market dynamics in the segments of grape growing and processing, the nomenclature of production, distribution and consumption of wine showed the discrepancy between the supply of raw materials on the market for loading the capacity of wineries, accompanied by the filling the domestic market with imported products. The ratio of wine exports to imports, production volumes to exports and imports, the share of domestic production and imports in the consumption fund and per capita has been established. The capacity of the domestic market for wine consumption in Ukraine at the level of European countries and the amount of investment to ensure its supply of wine products is determined. The ways and directions of development of production and consumer potential of the domestic wine market are outlined. Scientific novelty. The disproportions in the production and consumption of wine in the domestic market, the differences in the consumption of wine per capita in Ukraine and European countries are grounded. The production and consumer potentials of the domestic wine market have been determined. The volumes of investments, ways and directions of development of the production and consumer potential of the market for the interaction of supply and demand have been established. Practical significance. The investigated trends in the development of the production and consumer potential of the wine market serve as a guideline for making rational management decisions on the choice of ways and directions for increasing production and domestic consumption of products of the wine industry.

Balanced development and interaction of types of economic activity form the economic potential of the region and help fill budgets. Improvement of the methodology of diagnostics of the economy of rural development taking into account natural, economic, demographic, social and recreational features is urgent. The purpose of the study was to improve and develop a methodological toolkit for assessing the effectiveness of rural development on the example of united territorial communities of the Vinnytsia region. A number of methods were used in the research process: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, tabular, statistical, calculation-constructive. According to key economic parameters, such as the pace of the Supreme Council of Justice and the volume of production per person, the Vinnytsia region is marked by a relative trend of anticipatory regional development, and the agriculture of the region in 2017- 2021 retains priority positions in the structure of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. Analytical monitoring of the positive dynamics of the majority of economic indicators of rural development of the united territorial communities of the Vinnytsia region contributed to the growth of the partial index of the economic component. During 2017-2021, this aggregate indicator increased from 411 to 427 points, or almost 4%. It was established that the partial index of social efficiency of rural development of the united territorial communities of the region decreased by 2.4% (from 107.4 in 2017 to 104.8 points in 2021). The highest value of the index of social efficiency of rural development of united territorial communities was reached in 2017 (107.4), and the lowest in 2020 – 104.0. Calculation partial index environmental efficiency of rural development established a growth of 7.3% (from 17.2 in 2017 to 18.5 in 2021). The calculation and analytical measurement of the aggregate integral indicator of the effectiveness of rural development of the united territorial communities revealed a slight growth trend – from 91.2 in 2017 to 93.9 points in 2021, which does not exceed 3%. The practical significance of the conducted research is determined by the improvement of the toolkit and the development of a methodical algorithm for determining the integral indicator of the effectiveness of rural development of united territorial communities, which can be useful in the regional management practice of organizing monitoring and developing directions for the development of rural areas

Progressive development of the dairy industry requires improving technologies of feed production, keeping, feeding, increasing livestock and breeding work on farms, the genetic potential of breeds, milking cows, storing and processing milk and producing the necessary range of dairy products. Successful implementation of these technological processes requires an effective system of innovative support for dairy production, for which the scientific developments of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine are important. At the same time, the ability of dairy enterprises to innovative development is determined by the transformation of their economic mechanism through the introduction of technical, organisational and managerial achievements in the field of technology. The purpose of the article is to study the current realities, opportunities and forecast the main dimensions for the intensification of innovative activities of dairy enterprises in Ukraine. A number of methods were used in the research process: monographic; comparative analysis; prognostication; tabular; settlement and constructive; graphic, abstract-logical. The existence of an adapted system of innovative support is established and scientific developments of control in the selection of raw milk, vitamin naturalisation of milk, technologies of production of dietary dairy products, automation of production processes, heat treatment of milk using modern packaging materials to extend its shelf life, introduction of innovative methods in operational activities, personnel development, marketing and logistics, the use of which should be extended in the system of economic mechanism of functioning and development of the dairy industry. The forecast indicators of the raw material base of the dairy industry of Ukraine, which in 2025 will remain at the level of 2020 and will amount to 9287 thousand tons, with an increase in milk production in agricultural enterprises by 13.0% and a decrease in households by 5.0%. The necessary volumes of raw material production have been established to ensure the production capacity of milk processing enterprises and the rational norm of consumption of milk and dairy products. The dynamics of forecast indicators of dairy production in Ukraine is constructed. The priority target guidelines of the strategy of intensification of innovative activity of milk processing enterprises are substantiated. An algorithm for increasing the innovative activity of a processing enterprise is proposed. These approaches and research results can be used by public and sectoral authorities in the organization of monitoring and development of priority measures to intensify the innovative activities of Ukrainian dairy industry.