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After a long time of neglect, migration has entered the arena of international politics with a force. The 2018 Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular migration (GCM) is the latest and most comprehensive framework for global migration governance. Despite these dynamics, migration is still predominantly framed as a state-centric policy issue that needs to be managed in a top-down manner. This book proposes a difference approach: A truly multi-stakeholder, multi-level and rights-based governance with meaningful participation of migrant civil society. Drawing on 15 years of participant observation on all levels of migration governance, the book maps out the relevant actors, "invited" and "invented" spaces for participation as well as alternative discourses and framing strategies by migrant civil society. It thus provides a comprehensive and timely overview on global migration governance from below, starting with the first UN High Level Dialogue in 2006, evolving around the Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD) and leading up to the consultations for the International Migration Review Forum in 2022. Stefan Rother is Professor pro tempore for Flight, Migration and Social Mobility at the University of the Bundeswehr Munich, and Senior Researcher at the Arnold-Bergstraesser-Institute at the University of Freiburg, Germany. His research focus is on international migration, the democratisation of global governance, social movements, regional integration, development and non-/post-Western theories of international relations. He has conducted extensive fieldwork in Southeast Asia as well as participant observation at global governance fora and civil society parallel and counter-events including the UN, ILO, ASEAN and WTO-level as well as the European Forum on Migration and World Social Forum on Migration. Stefan Rother has published articles in the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Third World Quarterly, Cooperation and Conflict, Comparative Migration Studies, International Migration, Migration Studies, Globalizations, European Journal of East Asian Studies, Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, Asia Pacific Viewpoint and several edited volumes. He has published and edited several books, including Democratization through Migration? Political Remittances and Participation of Philippine Return Migrants (with Christl Kessler, 2016).

After a long time of neglect, migration has entered the arena of international politics with a force. The 2018 Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular migration (GCM) is the latest and most comprehensive framework for global migration governance. Despite these dynamics, migration is still predominantly framed as a state-centric policy issue that needs to be managed in a top-down manner. This book proposes a difference approach: A truly multi-stakeholder, multi-level and rights-based governance with meaningful participation of migrant civil society. Drawing on 15 years of participant observation on all levels of migration governance, the book maps out the relevant actors, "invited" and "invented" spaces for participation as well as alternative discourses and framing strategies by migrant civil society. It thus provides a comprehensive and timely overview on global migration governance from below, starting with the first UN High Level Dialogue in 2006, evolving around the Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD) and leading up to the consultations for the International Migration Review Forum in 2022. Stefan Rother is Professor pro tempore for Flight, Migration and Social Mobility at the University of the Bundeswehr Munich, and Senior Researcher at the Arnold-Bergstraesser-Institute at the University of Freiburg, Germany. His research focus is on international migration, the democratisation of global governance, social movements, regional integration, development and non-/post-Western theories of international relations. He has conducted extensive fieldwork in Southeast Asia as well as participant observation at global governance fora and civil society parallel and counter-events including the UN, ILO, ASEAN and WTO-level as well as the European Forum on Migration and World Social Forum on Migration. Stefan Rother has published articles in the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Third World Quarterly, Cooperation and Conflict, Comparative Migration Studies, International Migration, Migration Studies, Globalizations, European Journal of East Asian Studies, Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, Asia Pacific Viewpoint and several edited volumes. He has published and edited several books, including Democratization through Migration? Political Remittances and Participation of Philippine Return Migrants (with Christl Kessler, 2016).

The global pandemic has resulted in ad hoc unilateral policies on migration, mobility and border management while at the same time emphasizing the need for global cooperation. For global governance in this field to be effective, it needs to include stakeholders beyond states and international institutions. The Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular Migration (GCM) highlights the role of those groups directly affected by global policies, i.e. migrants and their organisations. The goal of this paper is to analyse the role of civil society in global migration governance in times of COVID-19. It employs a comparative approach between "invented" and "invited" spaces. "Invited spaces" in this context refer to spaces created by international organisations such as the United Nations Network on Migration's "Stakeholder Listening Sessions" on COVID-19 and the resulting statements. "Invented Spaces" refer to self-organized spaces by civil society actors. The paper will compare these spaces regarding their openness, the central issues and calls for specific policy measures, the stakeholders involved and the strategies they employ. I argue that the pandemic has strengthened the "input" dimension for migrant civil society in global governance. This relates to the structure/format as well as to the content of the participation. "Zoomification" has opened up access to "invited" spaces while pushing forward the creation and scope of "invented" spaces". There are indicators that the pandemic has also influenced parts of the output dimension, although it is too early to assess whether this will have a lasting effect on policies on the ground

"Global governance" and the "migration and development nexus" are among the latest buzzwords in academia and policy discourses alike. The 2nd Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD), held in October 2008 in Manila, provided an ample litmus test for these concepts. In a way, the GFMD - a new, non-binding forum which was deliberately established outside the realm of the UN - is testimony itself to the hitherto failed attempts at establishing a "global governance" of migration. Still, it provides a perspective, albeit a vague one, for a possible way out of the gridlock between the sending and receiving states of migrants. Civil society organizations (CSOs), on the other hand, have succeeded in using - and significantly expanding - the political space provided by the GFMD for advocacy, networking and various forms of protest. Even though Manila became the site of an impressive display of the organizational power and global scope of migrant CSOsfor almost two weeks, the severe divisions in the migrant movement became apparent as well: the cleavages run between those actors employing an "inside-outside" strategy towards GFMD and those positioning themselves as "outsiders by choice" in total opposition to the process. Thus, Philippine domestic politics and cleavages were intertwined with the global issues of migration and development.

The global pandemic has resulted in ad hoc unilateral policies on migration, mobility and border management while at the same time emphasizing the need for global cooperation. For global governance in this field to be effective, it needs to include stakeholders beyond states and international institutions. The Global Compact for safe, orderly and regular Migration (GCM) highlights the role of those groups directly affected by global policies, i.e. migrants and their organisations. The goal of this paper is to analyse the role of civil society in global migration governance in times of COVID-19. It employs a comparative approach between "invented" and "invited" spaces. "Invited spaces" in this context refer to spaces created by international organisations such as the United Nations Network on Migration's "Stakeholder Listening Sessions" on COVID-19 and the resulting statements. "Invented Spaces" refer to self-organized spaces by civil society actors. The paper will compare these spaces regarding their openness, the central issues and calls for specific policy measures, the stakeholders involved and the strategies they employ. I argue that the pandemic has strengthened the "input" dimension for migrant civil society in global governance. This relates to the structure/format as well as to the content of the participation. "Zoomification" has opened up access to "invited" spaces while pushing forward the creation and scope of "invented" spaces". There are indicators that the pandemic has also influenced parts of the output dimension, although it is too early to assess whether this will have a lasting effect on policies on the ground.

Massendeportationen, von Menschenrechtsorganisationen kritisierte Lager für illegale Arbeitsmigranten, verschärfte Grenzkontrollen: Die Arbeitsmigranten wurden in besonderem Maße zu den Leidtragenden der Asienkrise gezählt. Doch wie sieht es heute aus?