Suchergebnisse

International audience ; In 1992, the United Nations listed Haiti among the countries that will face water scarcity by 2025. Haitian cities, in which water demand is already high, are increasingly exposed to population growth that significantly affects water and sanitation facilities, when they exist. These settlements suffer from the negative effects of increasing water demand on a daily basis. The most critical case is that of the metropolitan area of Port-au-Prince (MAPP). The consequences of the earthquake of January 12th, 2010 included the displacement of the population, the dislocation of the general drinking water supply system, the setting up of several make shift camps in the MAPP and the creation of new slum districts, the largest of which is Canaan, where more than 200 000 inhabitants now live. In a context of low coverage of safe drinking water and basic sanitation, it seems entirely appropriate to take a fresh look at water issues in slum development. The aim of this study is to analyze the supply of, and the demand for, water at Canaan. A field survey of water suppliers and vendors and other household surveys were conducted between February and April 2016. 240 water points, totaling an available volume of 2840 m 3 , were covered by the first survey. Regarding demand, a questionnaire was administered to 439 households spread over the six (6) localities composing Canaan. In 2007, only 0.23% from the population studied was living in Canaan. 31.44% of households moved into the area in 2010, just after the earthquake. The share of water in the budget of 90% of these households is higher than 5%. The selling price and frequency of supply remain the main variables responsible for spatial discrimination regarding the supply of the water market in Canaan. Future studies should use larger sample sizes to study the mechanisms capable of ensuring democratic water management in this area. ; En 1992, las Naciones Unidas pusieron en una lista a Haití entre los países que harán frente en 2025 a una escasez de agua ...