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AbstractThis research compares state budget balancing strategies taken during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the Great Recession of 2007–2009. Distinguishing features of the two crises, as well as differences among the states, lead them to engage such strategies in similar and dissimilar ways. Federal aid during both fiscal disasters is also distinctive. During the Great Recession, federal stimulus funds to states supported budget balancing efforts. In contrast, until the COVID‐19 relief bill of March 2021, federal assistance was primarily funneled directly to individuals and businesses and for pandemic‐specific spending. This left states on their own to close budget gaps fueled by COVID‐19.

1. Sustaining the states : an introduction / Scott Pattison and Katherine G. Willoughby -- 2. Political institutions for sustainable state budgets / Irene S. Rubin and Roy T. Meyers -- 3. Changing state revenue strategies / John L. Mikesell -- 4. State tax structures : past trends, future possibilities / David L. Sjoquist -- 5. State competition for debt resources / Dwight V. Denison and Robert A. Greer -- 6. State debt management challenges / Merl Hackbart and Dwight V. Denison -- 7. State pension plans in crisis / Cynthia S. Searcy and William R. Darnell -- 8. The future of state spending / Carolyn Bourdeaux -- 9. State education expenditures / Sean P. Corcoran, Sarah A. Cordes, and Amy Ellen Schwartz -- 10. State health care expenditures / Shanna Rose -- 11. Future issues in state transportation finance / John R. Bartle and Can Chen -- 12. Financing criminal justice in the states / Michael C. Walker -- 13. State government workforces of the future / Sally Coleman Selden -- 14. A vision of the future sustainability of the states / Robert D. Ebel and Marilyn Marks Rubin.

"Public Administration Evolving: From Foundations to the Future demonstrates how the theory and practice of public administration has evolved since the early decades of the twentieth century. Each chapter approaches the field from a unique perspective and describes the seminal events that have been influential in shaping its evolution.This book presents major trends in theory and practice in the field, provides an overview of its intellectual development, and demonstrates how it has professionalized. The range from modernism to metamodernism is reflected from the perspective of accomplished scholars in the field, each of whom captures the history, environment, and development of a particular dimension of public administration. Taken together, the chapters leave us with an understanding of where we are today and a grounding for forecasting the future"--

Public Administration Evolving: From Foundations to the Future demonstrates how the theory and practice of public administration has evolved since the early decades of the twentieth century. Each chapter approaches the field from a unique perspective and describes the seminal events that have been influential in shaping its evolution. This book presents major trends in theory and practice in the field, provides an overview of its intellectual development, and demonstrates how it has professionalized. The range from modernism to metamodernism is reflected from the perspective of accomplished sch.

State fiscal decisions have a significant impact on the US economy. Taken together, subnational governments employ more than one out of every eight workers and provide the bulk of all basic governmental services consumed by individuals and businesses. Sustaining the States: The Fiscal Viability of American State Governments will give you a basic understanding of trends in, current status of, and future prospects for the fiscal sustainability of state governments. After reading this book, you should have a great appreciation for the reach and multiple contributions of state government.