Suchergebnisse

Près d'un demi-million d'Espagnols franchirent la frontière française en février 1939. Des camps d'internement improvisés des débuts à l'installation durable d'une partie d'entre eux après la guerre, c'est sur le devenir de cette immense vague de réfugiés que Javier Rubio revient, loin des a priori idéologiques qui, tant du côté espagnol que français, ont longtemps marqué l'historiographie et fait de ce sujet un enjeu symbolique.

The celebration in Spain of the «Fifth Centennial» brought to light the widely spread wish among the Jewish Community, both in Spain and abroad, for the express although symbolic abrogation of the 1492 edict of banishment by the Spanish Government. It was far from being the first time that such an action was requested, as from the middle of the nineteenth century onward it was repeatedly put forward to the Goverments of Spain. This paper evokes these requests and shows how the edict of banishment was already abrogated last century. Not only because its repeal was implied in the 1869 Constitution and those which followed, but because the new Spanish Government that took power in 1868 expressly abrogated the edict in november of that very year, as it was disclosed in a significant political ceremony held in Madrid, of which the echoes were largely heard all around Spain. In other words, the express and symbolic repeal requested for 1992, had already been put into effect by the Spanish Government 124 years earlier. ; Con ocasión de la conmemoración en España del «Quinto Centenario», se hizo público el deseo de amplios sectores de la comunidad judía, dentro y fuera de España, de que el edicto de expulsión de 1492 fuera derogado de modo simbólico, pero expreso, por el Gobierno español. No era la primera vez que se solicitaba la derogación del edicto, ya que desde mediados del siglo XIX se habían recibido otras peticiones, en dicho sentido, por los Gobiernos españoles. En el presente trabajo se recuerdan todas estas peticiones y se muestra que el edicto de expulsión había sido revocado ya en el siglo pasado. No sólo porque la constitución de 1869, y las posteriores, lo derogaban implícitamente, sino porque el Gobierno español que tomó el poder en 1868 lo derogó expresamente, en noviembre de dicho año, haciéndolo público en un importante acto político y difundiéndose la noticia por toda España. La simbólica derogación expresa que se solicitaba para 1992, había sido ya realizada por el Gobierno español 124 años antes.

Recent analyses of cosmological data suggest the presence of an extra relativistic component beyond the Standard Model content. The Higgs–Dilaton cosmological model predicts the existence of a massless particle – the dilaton – associated with the spontaneous symmetry breaking of scale invariance and undetectable by any accelerator experiment. Its ultrarelativistic character makes it a suitable candidate for contributing to the effective number of light degrees of freedom in the Universe. In this Letter we analyze the dilaton production at the (p)reheating stage right after inflation and conclude that no extra relativistic degrees of freedom beyond those already present in the Standard Model are expected within the simplest Higgs–Dilaton scenario. The elusive dilaton remains thus essentially undetectable by any particle physics experiment or cosmological observation ; This work was partially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. We also acknowledge financial support from the Madrid Regional Government (CAM) under the program HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473-02, from MICINN under grant AYA2009- 13936-C06-06 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 PAU (CSD2007-00060), as well as from the European Union Marie Curie Initial Training Network "UNILHC" PITN-GA-2009-237920

We consider a minimal scale-invariant extension of the standard model of particle physics combined with unimodular gravity formulated in [M. Shaposhnikov and D. Zenhausern, Phys. Lett. B 671, 187 (2009).]. This theory is able to describe not only an inflationary stage, related to the standard model Higgs field, but also a late period of dark-energy domination, associated with an almost massless dilaton. A number of parameters can be fixed by inflationary physics, allowing us to make specific predictions for any subsequent period. In particular, we derive a relation between the tilt of the primordial spectrum of scalar fluctuations, ns, and the present value of the equation of state parameter of dark energy (DE), wDE0. We find bounds for the scalar tilt, ns<0.97, the associated running, -0.0006 -1. The relation between ns and wDE0 allows us to use the current observational bounds on ns to further constrain the dark-energy equation of state to 0<1+wDE0<0.02, which is to be confronted with future dark-energy surveys ; We acknowledge financial support from the Madrid Regional Government (CAM) under the Program No. HEPHACOS P-ESP-00346 and MICINN under Grant No. AYA2009-13936-C06-06. We also participate in the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 PAU (CSD2007-00060), as well as in the European Union Marie Curie Network UniverseNet under Contract No. MRTN-CT-2006-035863. J. R. would like to acknowledge financial support from UAM/CSIC. The work of M. S. and D. Z. was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation and by the Tomalla Foundation