Suchergebnisse

Introduction. The study is aimed at identifying emotional factors that determine the deficit of social perception in neurasthenia. Theoretical analysis. Insufficient knowledge of the phenomenology of neurasthenia and the difficulties of its differential diagnosis at the stage of pathological personality development is shown. The lack of targeted assistance to patients and their objectively rapid disability is emphasized. The hypothesis is formulated that patients with neurasthenia have a pronounced violation of social perception, determined by social anhedonia. Empirical analysis. In the group of patients with neurasthenia, in comparison with healthy subjects, there are pronounced difficulties in recognizing emotions by verbal and nonverbal manifestations, finding the necessary tone of communication and weakness of analytical abilities that allow to anticipate the dynamics of social situations. Factor analysis has shown the decisive role of emotional determinants in the development of the studied disorders – a high level of social anhedonia and associated personal, reactive anxiety and depression. Conclusion. Emotional factors form a pronounced social anhedonia that determines the formation of social perception deficit. A weak focus on the details of social situations, a tendency to attribute one's own experiences to others determine the low level of effectiveness of social interaction, gradual withdrawal from contacts and complete social disintegration.

Introduction. The study is aimed at examining the attitude to the disease of persons with hysterical neurosis in the aspect of coherence with the peculiarities of their social competence. Insufficient knowledge of thе problem field is shown, which resonates with an increase in the rate of disability of this contingent. The hypothesis is formulated that the subjects with hysterical neurosis have a disharmonious and maladapting egocentric attitude to the disease, interconnected with a significant violation of social perception. Empirical analysis. In a group of patients with hysterical neurosis, contamination of egocentric and sensitive types of attitude to the disease is recorded. A moderate decrease in the ability to read emotions by facial expressions, posture and gestures, understanding the logic of the development of social situations and anticipating their outcomes was revealed. There is a close feedback between the characteristics of disharmonious types of attitude to the disease, which cause sensitized interpsychic orientation, and a complex indicator of social intelligence. Conclusion. The revealed types of attitude to the disease cause an overestimated egocentric orientation, combined with vulnerability, preoccupation with thoughts about the impression made in connection with the disease. There are difficulties in concentrating on perceptual details, there is a selective fixation on subjectively significant aspects of the content of communication, which hinders social meta-analysis and disadapts in society.