Suchergebnisse

Das vergangene Jahr war für Rumänien ein bewegtes, wegen Corona, aber auch wegen des andauernden Ringens um Rechtsstaatlichkeit und Demokratie....

Die beiden ausgewiesenen Experten zur osteuropäischen Geschichte nähern sich der Geschichte Rumäniens in chronologischer Gesamtschau und zugleich aus der Perspektive der Regionen. Unter dem Motto "Einheit in der Vielfalt" legen sie eine an Räume gebundene Heterogenität und Variationsbreite geschichtlicher Entwicklung frei, die die Realität Rumäniens bis heute prägt. Einleitenden Kapiteln zur Geographie und nationalen Geschichtsschreibung folgen Überblicke über die Gesamtgeschichte von 1919 bis zum EU-Beitritt 2007, über die Geschichte der Regionen, schließlich über die Entwicklung des umstrittenen geopolitischen Grenzraums zur modernen Eigenstaatlichkeit. Das verständlich geschriebene Lehrbuch, das nach K. Versecks neu aufgelegter Länderkunde (BA 6/07) für differenziertere Bedarfe etwa von Anfangssemestern einsetzbar ist, enthält Bibliografie, Karten, Chroniken sowie Personen- und Ortsregister. Von H. Gerdes liegt ein Länderporträt vor (BA 11/07). Scharr hat 2007 im Böhlau-Verlag einen Kulturreiseführer über die Bukowina vorgelegt (hier nicht angezeigt). (2) (Engelbrecht Boese)

The socio-professional element in marital options was extremely reduced taking into account that we have considered a rural area almost in its entirety. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, this world used to have a strong traditional propensity with a low number of professional options, as most inhabitants were mainly involved in agriculture. As a consequence, when speaking about the socio-professional determinism in choosing a marriage partner, we have to take into account the fact that most youth getting married had mostly rural professions. On the other hand, the socio-professional element was more active in urban area and in the environment dominated by Roman-Catholic or Reformed population.
The social and professional status undoubtedly had an important role in achieving and settling a family despite the reduced number of options. Personal emancipation and socio-professional status had a determining influence on choosing a partner. The phenomenon was more obvious in the city and towards the beginning of the 20th century in other rural places, where the traditional left room to a process of socio-economic modernisation under the influence of the increasing number of non-agricultural activities. As one can easily anticipate, these changes led to new mental perceptions and hence to a new reaction of the community. Deep changes could be noticed as this area joined an economic circuit leading to new mutations in several economic sectors. Economic development and the spreading of non-agricultural activities associated to urban development whose influence was ever growing entailed changes in family relations. There were also mutations in family relations, domestic group and household resources. These changes were not yet visible in all places in the region: some were still anchored in the traditional where the new had a hard time to penetrate, while major changes on the level of the collective mental could not be seized during the time we analysed.
The large scale analysis of the phenomenon has led to the conclusion that where there were better socio-professional options, their determinism on marriage could be identified as highly important. How can we determine the way in which the socio-professional element influenced marriage? To what extent a young man with a superior social and professional status had more marital options? To what extent other "constraints" (confession, ethnie, civil status, age, etc.) were less important when facing strong socio-professional determinism? More precisely, was a man with a superior socio-professional status wanted by many young women despite old age, his civil status as a widower or a divorcee, of if he had a different confession or ethnie? To identify the mechanism of this determinism, we suggest a more complex analysis where the socio-professional element should be corroborated with other marriage determinisms or constraints. From these premises, we will attempt to make a methodological analysis of the socio-professional status from three points of view: ethno-confessional element, civil status and age of partners.