Entre las diversas respuestas colectivas que emergen en el marco de la crisis por la que atraviesa Argentina en el año 2001 está la de los trabajadores que recuperan la vida productiva de empresas en situación de abandono, quiebra o cierre. Sin tener su origen en la crisis, la recuperación de empresas adquiere en dicho contexto rasgos particulares como respuesta colectiva de resistencia defensiva ante la pérdida del empleo. El objetivo que persigo en este artículo es abordar la significación política que tiene dicha respuesta y el modelo autogestión colectiva de los trabajadores en su propia subjetividad narrativa a través de los discursos recogidos en Chilavert, una empresa gráfica de Buenos Aires recuperada en el año 2002. ; Amid a backdrop of deep economic crisis like the one that lives Argentina in 2001 produced the highest number of recoveries from the companies in the country. It is a collective response of defensive resistance starring workers to keep their jobs in a situation of extreme necessity, marked by the closure of the company and the difficulties in finding a job in this situation in which they reach unemployment and poverty figures hitherto unknown. The aim of this article is to address the political significance that has the recovery narrative subjectivity that workers have staged through the speeches collected between Chilavert workers, a business chart of Buenos Aires recovered in 2002.
Incidents of companies being recovered by their workers that have occurred in different countries have attracted media attention. Based on ideological tendencies, some experts have interpreted these processes as an indicator for their fulfilment of their own predictions.In contrast to these interpretations, this article focuses on the effectiveness of the use of the main premises of Participatory Action Research (PAR). The focus is on understanding the point of view of the involved protagonists. Qualitative evidence is presented (Dz Ru, 2014) demonstrating the existence of disaffected feelings towards experts caused by their inverviewing approaches. This disaffection is explained as a consequence of pre-built ideas connected to the experts' ideological tendencies.
El diagnóstico que vienen haciendo las ciencias sociales, y en particular la sociología urbana, sobre la situación actual de las sociedades desarrolladas, se vertebra a partir del proceso de individualización concebido fundamentalmente como una pérdida progresiva de contenidos y significados sociales compartidos. Así la postmodernidad (destracionalizante) es la máxima condición de posibilidad de la ciudad y de lo urbano en la difuminación que experimenta su dimensión colectiva. La ciudad, entonces, queda resumida a partir de la racionalización progresiva que arrasa los lugares como topos de uso público y escinde la convivencia ciudadana en tantas trayectorias biográficas como individuos la habitan, mediando entre ellos vínculos que apenas trascienden la dimensión grupal en la que estos se localizan. Si bien las ciudades han sido históricamente el espacio social en el que se han hecho explícitos todos los conflictos de poder y dominación que han resultado de la instauración de la modernidad; si bien pueden describirse como espacios de dura supervivencia en los cuales la desigualdad social acrecienta las fronteras internas entre modos distintos de vida, se hace evidente al tiempo que ciudad y ser humano guardan entre sí una relación de íntima inherencia que las convierte a aquellas en espacios articulados a partir de un sentido social eminentemente convivencial. A partir de esta premisa metodológica, la ciudad y lo que en ella acontece, es el resultado de una práctica social de convivencia que las generaciones que se suceden y los distintos grupos sociales que se enfrentan van estableciendo a partir de la reciprocidad que guardan. Se propone, por tanto, una lectura de la ciudad como sistema social urbano que aborde tanto la solidaridad como el antagonismo, la semejanza como la diferencia. Para ello se hará uso de una serie de conceptos que permiten reconstruir la vida en las ciudades a partir de la complementariedad entre la socialidad de la condición humana y el carácter agencial de su acción. Entre dichos conceptos se encuentran la ética de responsabilidad individual de M.Weber y el diacrítico cultural que propone M. Fernández-Martorell, además de las aportaciones sobre la ciudad que nos brindaron autores como F. Tonnïes, G. Simmel, L. Wirth y H. Lefebvre. Su lectura permite acceder a una comprensión de la vida en las grandes urbes, emblemas por excelencia de modernidad, como el resultado de una organización social distinta y particular a anteriores formaciones de asentamiento colectivo que,no obstante, siguen evidenciando la continuidad histórica de la ciudad como espacio urbano de convivencia social.
Actualmente, las plataformas e-learning, plataformas educativas o entornos virtuales de enseñanza-aprendizaje, forman parte de la realidad tecnológica que se ha creado en internet y que actúa como herramienta de aprendizaje en el ámbito educativo actual. Por ello, el uso de estas plataformas tiene una gran importancia hoy día, dado que permiten crear y desarrollar cursos completos en la web sin necesidad de poseer conocimientos profundos de informática. (Lojano, 2009). No obstante, existe cierta confusión en la definición y aplicaciones actuales de estas plataformas también conocidas como Virtual Learning Environment (Alzaga, 2011). El presente estudio parte del diseño de instrumentos para la evaluación de indicadores relevantes de las plataformas virtuales de enseñanza y aprendizaje desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar en entornos b-learning. La metodología empleada es, en un primer momento, descriptiva, en la que se identifican las variables específicas del e-learning en cada plataforma, así como el uso que los docentes y el alumnado hacen de esa plataforma. En un segundo momento se emplea una metodología correlacional en la que se busca encontrar la relación entre el uso y el diseño de dicha plataforma. Se han empleado instrumentos como el cuestionario y el análisis de contenido para la elaboración de indicadores de calidad.
35 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables.-- Pre-print archive. ; A method for the asteroseismic analysis of beta Cephei stars is presented and applied to the star nu Eridani. The method is based on the analysis of rotational splittings, and their asymmetries using differentially-rotating asteroseismic models. Models with masses around 7.13 M_sun, and ages around 14.9 Myr, were found to fit better 10 of the 14 observed frequencies, which were identified as the fundamental radial mode and the three L=1 triplets g, p, and p. The splittings and aymmetries found for these modes recover those provided in the literature, except for p. For this last mode, all its non-axysimmetric components are predicted by the models. Moreover, opposite signs of the observed and predicted splitting asymmetries are found. If identification is confirmed, this can be a very interesting source of information about the internal rotation profile, in particular in the outer regions of the star. In general, the seismic models which include a description for shellular rotation yield slightly better results as compared with those given by uniformly-rotating models. Furthermore, we show that asymmetries are quite dependent on the overshooting of the convective core, which make the present technique suitable for testing the theories describing the angular momentum redistribution and chemical mixing due to rotationally-induced turbulence. ; JCS acknowledges support by the "Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía" by an I3P contract financed by the European Social Fund and from the Spanish "Plan Nacional del Espacio" under project ESP2007-65480-C02-01. PJA acknowledges financial support from a "Ramon y Cajal" contract of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. CRL acknowledges financial support from an "´ Angeles Alvariño" contract of the "Xunta de Galicia", local government. ; Peer reviewed
An increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and other types of tumor is associated to Lynch syndrome (LS), an inherited condition caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes. We selected a cohort of LS patients that had developed CRC and had undergone surgical resection. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from matched colorectal and normal mucosa were used for genomic DNA extraction with a commercial kit and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. A metagenomic approach enabled the taxonomic and functional identification of the microbial community and associated genes detected in the specimens. Slightly lower taxonomic diversity was observed in the tumor compared to the non-tumor tissue. Furthermore, the most remarkable differences between tumors and healthy tissue was the significant increase in the genus Fusobacterium in the former, in particular the species F. nucleatum, as well as Camplylobacter or Bacteroides fragilis, in accordance with previous studies of CRC. However, unlike prior studies, the present work is not based on directed detection by qPCR but instead uses a metagenomic approach to retrieve the whole bacterial community, and addresses the additional difficulty of using long-term stored FFPE samples. ; We want to particularly acknowledge the patients and the Biobank IBSP-CV (PT17/0015/0017) integrated in the Spanish National Biobanks Network and in the Valencian Biobanking Network, especially A. Ahicart, D. Molina and J. Martínez, for their collaboration. This research was funded by grants to AM from the Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cancer (project AECC 2017-1485), including a post-doctoral contract to VPB first and to SRR later. GD is recipient of a PhD fellowship from the Junta Asociada Provincial de Valencia AECC. Action co-financed by the European Union through the Operational Program of European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) of Valencia Region (Spain) 2014-2020. ; Peer reviewed
An increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and other types of tumor is associated to Lynch syndrome (LS), an inherited condition caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes. We selected a cohort of LS patients that had developed CRC and had undergone surgical resection. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from matched colorectal and normal mucosa were used for genomic DNA extraction with a commercial kit and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing. A metagenomic approach enabled the taxonomic and functional identification of the microbial community and associated genes detected in the specimens. Slightly lower taxonomic diversity was observed in the tumor compared to the non-tumor tissue. Furthermore, the most remarkable differences between tumors and healthy tissue was the significant increase in the genus Fusobacterium in the former, in particular the species F. nucleatum, as well as Camplylobacter or Bacteroides fragilis, in accordance with previous studies of CRC. However, unlike prior studies, the present work is not based on directed detection by qPCR but instead uses a metagenomic approach to retrieve the whole bacterial community, and addresses the additional difficulty of using long-term stored FFPE samples. ; This research was funded by grants to AM from the Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cancer (project AECC 2017-1485), including a post-doctoral contract to VPB first and to SRR later. GD is recipient of a PhD fellowship from the Junta Asociada Provincial de Valencia AECC. Action co-financed by the European Union through the Operational Program of European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) of Valencia Region (Spain) 2014-2020.
Large variability among Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases might impact genetic discoveries and complicate dissection of underlying biological pathways. Genome Research at Fundacio ACE (GR@ACE) is a genome-wide study of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes, defined based on AD's clinical certainty and vascular burden. We assessed the impact of known AD loci across endophenotypes to generate loci categories. We incorporated gene coexpression data and conducted pathway analysis per category. Finally, to evaluate the effect of heterogeneity in genetic studies, GR@ACE series were meta-analyzed with additional genome-wide association study data sets. We classified known AD loci into three categories, which might reflect the disease clinical heterogeneity. Vascular processes were only detected as a causal mechanism in probable AD. The meta-analysis strategy revealed the ANKRD31-rs4704171 and NDUFAF6-rs10098778 and confirmed SCIMP-rs7225151 and CD33-rs3865444. The regulation of vasculature is a prominent causal component of probable AD. GR@ACE meta-analysis revealed novel AD genetic signals, strongly driven by the presence of clinical heterogeneity in the AD series. ; The authors would like to thank patients and controls who participated in this project. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Fundación bancaria "La Caixa", Grifols SA, Fundació ACE, and ISCIII (Ministry of Health, Spain). They also want to thank the private sponsors who support the basic and clinical projects of our institution (Piramal AG, Laboratorios Echevarne, Araclon Biotech S.A., and Fundació ACE). They are indebted to the Trinitat Port‐Carbó legacy and her family for their support of Fundació ACE research programs. Fundació ACE is a participating center in the Dementia Genetics Spanish Consortium (DEGESCO). A.R. and M.B. receive support from the European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint undertaking ADAPTED and MOPEAD projects (grant numbers 115975 and 115985, respectively). M.B. and A.R. are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, and PI17/01474. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)‐Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER‐ "Una manera de Hacer Europa"). L.M.R. is supported by Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (grant PI‐0001/2017). Control samples and data from patients included in this study were provided in part by the National DNA Bank Carlos III (www.bancoadn.org, University of Salamanca, Spain) and Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme (Sevilla, Spain); they were processed after standard operating procedures with the appropriate approval of the Ethical and Scientific Committee. The present work was performed as part of the Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biomedicine doctoral program of S. Moreno‐Grau at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Barcelona, Spain). Data collection and sharing for this project was partially funded by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health grant U01 AG024904) and DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award number W81XWH‐12–2–0012). The ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, as well as through generous contributions from the following: AbbVie; the Alzheimer's Association; the Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Araclon Biotech; BioClinica, Inc.; Biogen; Bristol‐Myers Squibb Company; CereSpir, Inc.; Cogstate; Eisai Inc.; Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; EuroImmun; F. Hoffmann‐La Roche Ltd and its affiliated company Genentech, Inc.; Fujirebio; GE Healthcare; IXICO Ltd.; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC.; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC.; Lumosity; Lundbeck; Merck & Co., Inc.; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC.; NeuroRx Research; Neurotrack Technologies; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc.; Piramal Imaging; Servier; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company; and Transition Therapeutics. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research provides funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada. Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (www.fnih.org). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study was coordinated by the Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute at the University of Southern California. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for NeuroImaging at the University of Southern California. The AddNeuroMed data are from a public‐private partnership supported by EFPIA companies and SMEs as part of InnoMed (Innovative Medicines in Europe), an integrated project funded by the European Union of the Sixth Framework program priority FP6–2004‐LIFESCIHEALTH‐5. Clinical leads responsible for data collection are Iwona Kłoszewska (Lodz), Simon Lovestone (London), Patrizia Mecocci (Perugia), Hilkka Soininen (Kuopio), Magda Tsolaki (Thessaloniki), and Bruno Vellas (Toulouse). Imaging leads are Andy Simmons (London), Lars‐Olad Wahlund (Stockholm), and Christian Spenger (Zurich). Bioinformatics leads are Richard Dobson (London) and Stephen Newhouse (London). Funding support for the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) was provided through the NIA Division of Neuroscience (U01‐AG032984). The genotypic and associated phenotypic data used in the study "Multi‐Site Collaborative Study for Genotype‐Phenotype Associations in Alzheimer's Disease (GenADA)" were provided by GlaxoSmithKline, R&D Limited. The data sets used for the analyses described in this manuscript were obtained from dbGaP at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap through dbGaP accession number phs000219. The Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Studies, led by Dr. Nilüfer Ertekin‐Taner and Dr. Steven G. Younkin at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, FL, used samples from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, and the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank. Data c ; Sí