Suchergebnisse

Intro -- INMATE POPULATIONS IN FEDERAL PRISONS: BUILDUP ISSUES AND POLICY OPTIONS -- INMATE POPULATIONS IN FEDERAL PRISONS: BUILDUP ISSUES AND POLICY OPTIONS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 THE FEDERAL PRISON POPULATION BUILDUP: OVERVIEW, POLICY CHANGES, ISSUES, AND OPTIONS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- FEDERAL PRISON POPULATION -- Conviction Offense for Federal Inmates -- Length of Sentences for Federal Offenders -- POLICY CHANGES THAT CONTRIBUTED TO PRISON POPULATION GROWTH -- Mandatory Minimum Sentences -- Federalization of Crime -- ISSUES RELATED TO PRISON POPULATION GROWTH -- Cost of Operating the Federal Prison System -- Prison Overcrowding -- Inmate-to-Staff Ratio -- Prison Construction and Maintenance -- SELECT POLICY OPTIONS -- Continuing or Expanding Current Correctional Policies -- Expanding the Capacity of the Federal Prison System -- Investing in Rehabilitative Programs -- Placing More Inmates in Private Prisons -- Changing Existing Correctional and Sentencing Policies to Reduce the Prison Population -- Changes to Mandatory Minimum Penalties -- Alternatives to Incarceration -- Early Release Measures -- Modifying the "Safety Valve" Provision -- Repealing Federal Criminal Statutes for Some Offenses -- CONCLUSION -- APPENDIX. SELECT BOP DATA -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 THE BUREAU OF PRISONS (BOP): OPERATIONS AND BUDGET -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- BOP OPERATIONS -- Managing Federal Correctional Facilities -- Providing for the Safekeeping, Care, and Subsistence of Inmates -- Providing for the Protection, Instruction, and Discipline of Inmates -- Preparing Inmates for Reentry -- BOP APPROPRIATIONS -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 FEDERAL MANDATORY MINIMUM SENTENCES: THE SAFETY VALVE AND SUBSTANTIAL ASSISTANCE EXCEPTIONS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- SUBSTANTIAL ASSISTANCE -- Background -- Upon the Motion of the Government

AbstractAn emotion like shame is endowed with special motivational force. Drawing on Ralph Waldo Emerson's concept of shame, I develop an account of moral motivation that lends new perspective to the contemporary climate crisis. Whereas religious ethicists often engage the problem of climate change by re-imagining the metaphors, symbols, and values of problematic cosmologies, I focus on some specific moral tactics generated by religious communities who use their traditions to confront climate destruction. In particular, Bartimaeus Cooperative Ministries, a Christian non-profit organization that seeks to infuse a renewed commitment in church parishes to bioregions and watersheds, effectively employs shame in the context of its Christian practice and leadership. My analysis of Bartimaeus Cooperative Ministries demonstrates both the efficacy of shame to motivate environmentally responsible behavior as well as the advantage to religious ethics of considering contextual practices over abstract cosmologies.

While most interpretations of Terrence Malick's 2011The Tree of Life concentrate on the film's theological resonances, I focus here onThe Tree of Life's political vision. I locate this vision in the fraught relationship between two influential strands of American religio-political thought, Augustinianism and Emersonianism.The Tree of Life's theological concerns are undoubtedly Augustinian, yet it takes up a similar radical politics as what Emerson did in his best-known essays. The result, I argue, is a cinema of religio-political possibility with important implications for a potential rapproachment between religionists (namely evangelical Christians) and secularists, particularly on the topic of environmental conservation and sustainability.

Jurisdictions in the United States are granted considerable discretion in choosing the method by which they redraw their political boundaries following a decennial census. Two common methods are allowing legislatures to redistrict or creating a citizen commission to perform the task. Yet each of these processes frequently results in gridlock and/or political gerrymandering. This paper proposes an alternative method for local jurisdictions: a "planning approach" to redistricting in which it is suggested that districts can be created through the amalgamation of neighborhoods in a process driven by professional planners. This approach lends no consideration to politics. Rather, the research presented here posits that empowering planners to lead legislative redistricting processes will aid in the reduction of politically anticompetitive behavior, thereby increasing the efficiency, effectiveness, and logic of the process. A local redistricting problem using data from Buffalo, NY, is modeled and then solved using the proposed planning framework.

In the USA, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) provides support to State and local governments in fulfilment of their responsibilities for preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation of disasters. One method FEMA has used to support State and local emergency communication functions was to sign and implement a Memorandum of Understanding with the American Radio Relay League (ARRL) for amateur radio operators to provide electronic communications for State and local governments in disasters. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has licensed more than 600,000 amateur radio operators in the USA. The national organization of amateur radio operators called the American Radio Relay League (ARRL) was formed in 1914. More than 80,000 of these amateurs have registered their availability for emergency communications in disasters in the ARRL's Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES). Amateur radio operators have been providing communications in natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes and earthquakes since 1910. Since amateur radio operation was prohibited during the years of both World Wars I and II, FEMA has sponsored a new branch of the amateur service called Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES). RACES operators are authorized to operate if the President invokes his War Emergency Powers while all other amateur operation would be silenced. Examines the role of amateur radio in providing emergency electronic communications for disaster management and explores future contributions.

THE AUTHOR IDENTIFIES FOUR CHARGE SCHEMES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY POLICY THAT SEEM TO HAVE PRACTICAL POTENTIAL; COMPARES THEM WITH THE REGULATORY ALTERNATIVES IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS, AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO POLITICAL PRESSURE AND DELAYING TACTICS; AND DISCUSSES PROBLEMS OF ENFORCEMENT.