Suchergebnisse

In view of the twentieth anniversary of the Socium i Vlast'journal, on the day of the Russian science, a round table was held in the Chelyabinsk branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in order to discuss topical issues of crisis dynamics and risks in the context of new global challenges. Below the main materials of the report based on the results of interdisciplinary research series as exemplified by the Chelyabinsk region are presented. The report discusses the following issues: the economic dynamics of crisis processes, the analysis of trends variability, the assessment of the total income of organizations and individuals, the classification of development scenarios, the visualization of trajectories when analyzing the "picture of changes". The issues of assessing the risks and prospective development scenarios are associated with the consideration and influence of the conditions of prolonged instability on it.

The authors present the results of studying migration processes as one of the factors that determine the transformation of the regional social space. Applying migration indicators to assessing prospective spatial changes presupposes a multivariate analysis of developing complex heterogeneous systems. The version of applying problem-oriented visualization tools presented by the authors significantly expands the possibilities of such an analysis. Assessment, systematization and subsequent classification of migration characteristics are considered within the framework of a multi-stage graphical digital analysis procedure. The problems of migration dynamics characterize a number of problems of the incipient deformation of social space. The main provisions and results of the study are presented as exemplified by the five largest urban areas of the Chelyabinsk region. The key contradictions generated by the processes of regional migration are presented for various urban areas of one of the leading industrial regions of the Urals. These are contradictions: dynamics of population inflow — outflow; the ratio of the balance of migration and migration flows, etc. The results of the study make it possible to proceed to more complex models of spatial reconstruction and sustainable development of territories. Considering such models lays the groundwork for passing on to a controlled transformation in the spatial development of territories and reducing the signs of social space deformation.

Introduction. Local communities as a social institu- tion are not only a form of population's self-organ- izing, but also an important element of the local government system. The role of local communities' activism is currently particularly relevant due to providing a legislative framework for the possibility of residents' participation in distributing part of the municipality budget — initiative budgeting (Article 26.1 of Federal Law No. 131-FZ). A new impetus to the development of civic participation in solving local problems was also given at a meeting of the Council for the Development of Local Self- Government under the President of the Russian Federation in 2020—2021. It became obvious that in modern Russia it is necessary to strengthen educational activities among citizens in order to increase their legal literacy, disseminate relevant knowledge in the field of social design, and explain the available forms. The purpose of the article is to study the prob- lem of organizing local communities in order to increase citizens' social activity and municipal ter- ritories development. Methods. The authors summarize the current theo- retical and practical experience of the local com- munities' development in the Chelyabinsk region. The basis of the study is a structural and functional approach, as well as such a qualitative method as included observation, used when the authors of the article performed the functions of moderators and trainers-consultants of initiative groups of citizens in the Chelyabinsk region. Scientific novelty of the study. The article shows the role of local communities as a self-organizing entity and an equal partner in the system of local self-government, actively involved in solving issues of local importance, and also presents the results of the project "Local communities — a driver of ter- ritorial development". The purpose of the project is to promote the activ- ity of civil society, the development of municipal democracy, and the dissemination of relevant knowledge about public self-government. Results. The authors prove that the development of citizens' knowledge, skills and abilities in the areas of solving local issues, the basics of social design, initiative budgeting, attracting additional funding by participating in competitions for grants and subsidies, voluntary donations is not only an effective way to involve citizens in territorial and local self-government, but also a "driver" of territo- rial development. The materials prepared during implementing the project "Local communities — the driver of territorial development" can be used as a sample and a guide for novice managers of local communities. Conclusions. The implementation of the project "Lo- cal Communities — the driver of territorial develop- ment" contributes to stimulating public activity, creating conditions for improving the effectiveness of interaction between citizens and public authori- ties, creating associations of residents, establishing partnerships for the implementation of joint pro- jects, strengthens the potential social base of CBT.

The European Union (EU) is striving to become a world leader in the field of "green economy." It promotes its own models, standards, conditions, and related positions on climate and environmental policy in other states. Trade agreements, including provisions on climate and the environment, have become one of the instruments of influence on the policy of partners and economic relations with them in the area of climate protection. The inclusion of these provisions is of economic rather than political importance, especially in terms of eliminating tariff and non-tariff barriers. The EU has developed a chapter on trade and sustainable development, which includes commitments on environmental and climate protection. As part of its implementation, the EU provides financial and technical support to partners. Nevertheless, the content of the chapter largely depends on the position of the partner and the climate policy it pursues, and in some cases— on the administration of the country. Dispute resolution within the framework of the existing mechanism of the chapter "Trade and Sustainable Development" turned out to be difficult, which prompted the EU to include new settlement options, among which the introduction of trade sanctions is an extreme measure. The article on sustainable forest management is also of economic importance for European producers, and the inclusion of references to international environmental agreements contributes to the EU's plans to reform the World Trade Organization (WTO). The agreements leave out a number of areas of cooperation and require updating as new climate commitments are made, which has been the focus of the EU's work in recent years.