Suchergebnisse

The question of managerial fit—the congruence between a manager and his or her environment—has become widely debated by policymakers, practitioners, and scholars from a number of fields as the occurrence of non-internal management hires has increased across many types of organizations. Although many assume that higher levels of fit in an organization will generate better performance, others argue that misfits are better suited at leading organizations as motivated change agents. In this study, a measure of person–organization fit is created using original cross-sectional time-series data on U.S. university presidents from 1993 to 2009. Findings indicate that maximizing fit is not always ideal and that fit has a nonlinear relationship with organizational performance such that some fit is healthy but high fit can be detrimental for student performance measures.

How do accountability policies affect failing organizations? Are additional interventions used to improve underperforming agencies effective in raising performance outputs? This article investigates the effectiveness of turnaround policies in organizations that persistently fail to meet accountability standards. Using Performance-Based Monitoring Analysis System data from169 school districts in Texas, this article shows that turnaround interventions have only limited success. While monitoring strategies work for the most salient performance indicator in the short term, improvements quickly dissipate following an intervention. Supporting the notion that management matters, results also show that the type of monitor assigned to a failing school can affect the extent of improvement in performance.

AbstractScholars and practitioners regularly call for higher levels of representation for marginalized groups in public agencies, and representative bureaucracy research commonly boasts the effects of representation on clientele perceptions and performance outcomes. Before the consequences of representation can be fully assessed, it is important to consider the mechanisms that shape the extent to which minority groups are present in an agency. We use data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Report and the U.S. Department of Education to examine what factors influence female representation in 142 College Police Departments (CPDs) within public, 4‐year institutions of higher education, an epicenter of debate regarding gender‐based violence, between 2014 and 2018. We find that few organizational characteristics consistently predict female representation. Our interpretations of such findings are informed by interviews with female CPD officers and consideration of whether female representation has any association with outcomes regarding sexual assault and rape.

AbstractAttention to vacancies in appointee positions subject to U.S. Senate confirmation has grown dramatically. Research regarding appointee vacancies commonly assumes negative consequences—loss of political control, promotion of second‐rate subordinates, undermined teamwork—for public agencies though little empirical work exists to confirm such expectations. This study tests whether vacancies at the top of U.S. federal agencies influence job satisfaction and turnover intention among upper‐level employees. Using vacancy data and multiple waves of the Federal Human Capital Survey/Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey, we find that upper‐level employees report marginally higher levels of satisfaction when vacancies occur. Further, these vacancies have a negative association with individual‐level intent to leave an agency for another job in the federal government, signaling a higher likelihood that institutional knowledge is maintained.

Abstract
The films The Conjuring and The Conjuring 2 focuses on two demonologists, Ed and Lorraine Warren, while they help two families with supernatural entities. In the Gothic genre, the traditional location is often a medieval setting of a castle or ancient location. These two films are presented as horror films but contain an overarching Gothic mode. This article explores how the modern family homes that are presented become the sites of liminal hauntings and ultimately the destabilizing of the family unit. This disruption of the family reflects cultural anxieties around family units that are often seen in popular culture texts, where the unnatural events reflect the decay that each family experiences in the horror genre. The Conjuring films therefore reflect modern versions of the Gothic mode within generic horror films.

Abstract
HBO's Game of Thrones (2011–present) is based on George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire (1996–ongoing) book series. This Gothic fantasy world, which is based in a medieval-like period, where a struggle for the iron throne of Westeros is marked by a kingdom-wide civil war that encompasses wave after wave of massacres, betrayals and clandestine affairs, has become a popular culture phenomenon. The presence of 'priests' and 'priestesses' through the storyline provide religious undertones with the predatory, hive-minded zombie White Walkers being the key threat to the kingdom from the frozen north. Apocalyptic scenarios in popular culture have often been secularized, however, Martin explores the mysteries of what it is to be human and the fragility of existence by using religion as a central plot element, which this article will explore. Buried truths come to the fore in the ultimate battle of the living against the dead, and the trajectory of the narrative highlights the plot's impending apocalyptic event, bringing otherwise enemies together. The article explores the connections made between the characters to that of biblical texts from the Book of Revelation in the Bible, and the prophesized destruction of the earth.

Abstract
Organizational theorists have long examined the implications of market‐oriented policies for public agencies. Current research often aims to understand the effects of policies imposed on organizations by external stakeholder groups, but few studies have attempted to gain a better understanding of what mechanisms cause agencies to select into these strategies. The purpose of this article is to understand, first, which factors make an organization more likely to adopt a decentralized, market‐based budgeting system—termed "responsibility‐centered management (RCM)—and, second, whether this type of system has implications for organizational performance. Using data on doctorate‐granting public and private nonprofit four‐year universities in the United States, the authors find that mission, resource dependence, and state party control influence the take‐up of RCM. In terms of effects, RCM creates winners for graduation rates (white students) and degree production (science, technology, engineering, and math departments), which raises questions of equity across groups.