Suchergebnisse

La corrupción golpea el consciente colectivo de nuestras sociedades, y ha puesto al descubierto el desarrollo de una estrategia de distorsión de las instituciones públicas. Esto genera una crisis de valores entre la población que choca contra la cultura de la corrupción que campea constantemente en los diferentes sectores y órganos de la administración pública. Este artículo se enfoca en el estudio de los bienes jurídicos en el delito de peculado para la correcta adecuación del hecho al tipo penal y acortar la impunidad.

In the context of the achievements and problems of the SGSSS (General system of Health Social Security in Spanish), the current administration has proposed policies that aim to reorganize the health sector as a means to overcome the crisis experienced by the health system of Bogotá. In order to overcome the crisis, it is necessary to address the low social legitimacy of the system, which is caused by problems in access and quality of services, as well as transparency, sustainability and governance. The proposed public policies are directed to the reorganization of the network of attention, through a unique network conformed by four sub-networks integrated horizontally and vertically, and through the creation of specialized entities for the management of key administrative and logistical issues, and of a steering committee for the network. There is important evidence that justifies the proposed policies, but it is also necessary to strengthen the processes of study, analysis and research of the complex problems that the health system of Bogota is facing. ; En el marco de los logros y problemas del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS), la administración actual ha planteado políticas que apuntan a reorganizar el sector salud como un medio para superar la crisis que experimenta de tiempo atrás el sistema de salud de Bogotá. Para superar la crisis es necesario afrontar la baja legitimidad social del sistema, provocada por problemas en el acceso y la calidad de los servicios, así como en materia de transparencia, sostenibilidad y gobernanza. Las políticas públicas planteadas se dirigen a la reorganización de la red de atención, por medio de una red única conformada por cuatro subredes integradas de manera horizontal y vertical; la creación de entidades especializadas mixtas para el manejo de temas clave, administrativos y logísticos, y; la creación de un comité directivo de la red. Se cuenta con una importante evidencia que justifica las políticas planteadas, pero, así mismo, es necesario fortalecer los procesos de estudio, análisis e investigación de las problemáticas complejas que afronta en sistema de salud de Bogotá.

En el marco de los logros y problemas del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud (SGSSS), la administración actual ha planteado políticas que apuntan a reorganizar el sector salud como un medio para superar la crisis que experimenta de tiempo atrás el sistema de salud de Bogotá. Para superar la crisis es necesario afrontar la baja legitimidad social del sistema, provocada por problemas en el acceso y la calidad de los servicios, así como en materia de transparencia, sostenibilidad y gobernanza. Las políticas públicas planteadas se dirigen a la reorganización de la red de atención, por medio de una red única conformada por cuatro subredes integradas de manera horizontal y vertical; la creación de entidades especializadas mixtas para el manejo de temas clave, administrativos y logísticos, y; la creación de un comité directivo de la red. Se cuenta con una importante evidencia que justifica las políticas planteadas, pero, así mismo, es necesario fortalecer los procesos de estudio, análisis e investigación de las problemáticas complejas que afronta en sistema de salud de Bogotá. ; In the context of the achievements and problems of the SGSSS (General system of Health Social Security in Spanish), the current administration has proposed policies that aim to reorganize the health sector as a means to overcome the crisis experienced by the health system of Bogotá. In order to overcome the crisis, it is necessary to address the low social legitimacy of the system, which is caused by problems in access and quality of services, as well as transparency, sustainability and governance. The proposed public policies are directed to the reorganization of the network of attention, through a unique network conformed by four sub-networks integrated horizontally and vertically, and through the creation of specialized entities for the management of key administrative and logistical issues, and of a steering committee for the network. There is important evidence that justifies the proposed policies, but it is also necessary to strengthen the processes of study, analysis and research of the complex problems that the health system of Bogota is facing.

The CENNS-10 experiment of the COHERENT collaboration has recently reported the first detection of coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) in liquid Argon with more than 3σ significance. In this work, we exploit the new data in order to probe various interesting parameters which are of key importance to CEvNS within and beyond the Standard Model. A dedicated statistical analysis of these data shows that the current constraints are significantly improved in most cases. We derive a first measurement of the neutron rms charge radius of Argon, and also an improved determination of the weak mixing angle in the low energy regime. We also update the constraints on neutrino non-standard interactions, electromagnetic properties and light mediators with respect to those derived from the first COHERENT-CsI data. ; This work is supported by the Spanish grants FPA2017-85216-P (AEI/FEDER, UE), PROMETEO/2018/165 (Generalitat Valenciana) and the Spanish Red Consolider Multi-Dark FPA2017-90566-REDC, and by CONACYT-Mexico under grant A1-S-23238. OGM has been supported by SNI (Sistema Nacional de Investigadores). The work of DKP is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund- ESF) through the OperationalProgramme \Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning" in the context of the project \Reinforcement of Postdoctoral Researchers - 2nd Cycle" (MIS-5033021), implemented by the State Scholarships Foundation (IKY). MT acknowledges financial support from MINECO through the Ramón y Cajal contract RYC-2013-12438.

Abstract
Background
An area of current study concerns analysis of the possible adaptation of the population to heat, based on the temporal evolution of the minimum mortality temperature (MMT). It is important to know how is the evolution of the threshold temperatures (Tthreshold) due to these temperatures provide the basis for the activation of public health prevention plans against high temperatures. The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal evolution of threshold temperatures (Tthreshold) produced in different Spanish regions during the 1983–2018 period and to compare this evolution with the evolution of MMT. The dependent variable used was the raw rate of daily mortality due to natural causes ICD X: (A00-R99) for the considered period. The independent variable was maximum daily temperature (Tmax) during the summer months registered in the reference observatory of each region. Threshold values were determined using dispersion diagrams (annual) of the prewhitened series of mortality temperatures and Tmax. Later, linear fit models were carried out between the different values of Tthreshold throughout the study period, which permitted detecting the annual rate of change in Tthreshold.

Results
The results obtained show that, on average, Tthreshold has increased at a rate of 0.57 ºC/decade in Spain, while Tmax temperatures in the summer have increased at a rate of 0.41 ºC/decade, suggesting adaptation to heat. This rate of evolution presents important geographic heterogeneity. Also, the rate of evolution of Tthreshold was similar to what was detected for MMT.

Conclusions
The temporal evolution of the series of both temperature measures can be used as indicators of population adaptation to heat. The temporal evolution of Tthreshold has important geographic variation, probably related to sociodemographic and economic factors, that should be studied at the local level.

The European Union is currently immersed in policy development to address the effects of climate change around the world. Key plans and processes for facilitating adaptation to high temperatures and for reducing the adverse effects on health are among the most urgent measures. Therefore, it is necessary to understand those factors that influence adaptation. The aim of this study was to provide knowledge related to the social, climate and economic factors that are related to the evolution of minimum mortality temperatures (MMT) in Spain in the rural and urban contexts, during the 1983-2018 time period. For this purpose, local factors were studied regarding their relationship to levels of adaptation to heat. MMT is an indicator that allows for establishing a relationship to between mortality and temperature, and is a valid indicator to assess the capacity of adaptation to heat of a certain population. MMT is obtained through the maximum daily temperature and daily mortality of the study period. The evolution of MMT values for Spain was established in a previous paper. An ecological, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out. Generalized linear models (GLM) were performed to identify the variables that appeared to be related to adaptation. The adaptation was calculated as the difference in variation in MMT based on the average increase in maximum daily temperatures. In terms of adaptation to heat, urban populations have adapted more than non-urban populations. Seventy-nine percent (n = 11) of urban provinces have adapted to heat, compared to twenty-one percent (n = 3) of rural provinces that have not adapted. In terms of urban zones, income level and habituation to heat (values over the 95th percentile) were variables shown to be related to adaptation. In contrast, among non-urban provinces, a greater number of housing rehabilitation licenses and a greater number of health professionals were variables associated with higher increases in MMT, and therefore, with adaptation. These results highlight the need to carry out studies that allow for identifying the local factors that are most relevant and influential in population adaptation. More studies carried out at a small scale are needed.

We reanalyse the anisotropic galaxy clustering measurement from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), demonstrating that using the full shape information provides cosmological constraints that are comparable to other low-redshift probes. We find ωm = 0.317+0.015-0.019, σ8 = 0.710±0.049, and h = 0.704 ± 0.024 for flat ΛCDM cosmologies using uninformative priors on ωch2, 100θMC, ln1010As, and ns, and a prior on ωbh2 that is much wider than current constraints. We quantify the agreement between the Planck 2018 constraints from the cosmic microwave background and BOSS, finding the two data sets to be consistent within a flat ΛCDM cosmology using the Bayes factor as well as the prior-insensitive suspiciousness statistic. Combining two low-redshift probes, we jointly analyse the clustering of BOSS galaxies with weak lensing measurements from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KV450). The combination of BOSS and KV450 improves the measurement by up to 45%, constraining σ8 = 0.702 ± 0.029 and S8 = σ8 ωm/0.3 = 0.728 ± 0.026. Over the full 5D parameter space, the odds in favour of a single cosmology describing galaxy clustering, lensing, and the cosmic microwave background are 7 ± 2. The suspiciousness statistic signals a 2.1 ± 0.3σ tension between the combined low-redshift probes and measurements from the cosmic microwave background. ; TT acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 797794. AGS acknowledges support by the German Research Foundation cluster of excellence ORIGINS (EXC 2094, www.origins-cluster.de). We acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant numbers 647112 (MA, CH, CL), 770935 (HH, AW), and 693024 (SJ). CH also acknowledges support from the Max Planck Society and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the frame-work of the Max Planck-Humboldt Research Award endowed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. HH also acknowledges support from a Heisenberg grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 1495/5-1). SJ also acknowledges support from the Beecroft Trust. AK acknowledges support from Vici grant 639.043.512, financed by the Netherlands Organisation. for Scientific Research (NWO). Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 177.A-3016, 177.A-3017 and 177.A-3018.

The European Union is currently immersed in policy development to address the effects of climate change around the world. Key plans and processes for facilitating adaptation to high temperatures and for reducing the adverse effects on health are among the most urgent measures. Therefore, it is necessary to understand those factors that influence adaptation. The aim of this study was to provide knowledge related to the social, climate and economic factors that are related to the evolution of minimum mortality temperatures (MMT) in Spain in the rural and urban contexts, during the 1983-2018 time period. For this purpose, local factors were studied regarding their relationship to levels of adaptation to heat. MMT is an indicator that allows for establishing a relationship to between mortality and temperature, and is a valid indicator to assess the capacity of adaptation to heat of a certain population. MMT is obtained through the maximum daily temperature and daily mortality of the study period. The evolution of MMT values for Spain was established in a previous paper. An ecological, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out. Generalized linear models (GLM) were performed to identify the variables that appeared to be related to adaptation. The adaptation was calculated as the difference in variation in MMT based on the average increase in maximum daily temperatures. In terms of adaptation to heat, urban populations have adapted more than non-urban populations. Seventy-nine percent (n = 11) of urban provinces have adapted to heat, compared to twenty-one percent (n = 3) of rural provinces that have not adapted. In terms of urban zones, income level and habituation to heat (values over the 95th percentile) were variables shown to be related to adaptation. In contrast, among non-urban provinces, a greater number of housing rehabilitation licenses and a greater number of health professionals were variables associated with higher increases in MMT, and therefore, with adaptation. These results highlight the ...

Esta obra colectiva presenta un conjunto de estudios sobre los procesos de democratización en México y Colombia. Si bien los procesos de formación del Estado nacional y de democratización fueron distintos en los dos países, ambos presentan características comunes, como no haber conocido dictaduras militares del tipo de las de Sudamérica y experimentar escenarios de violencia social, política y criminal. Tales escenarios rebasan los sesgos normativos, lineales y teleológicos de las teorías de la transición democrática. En este sentido, el libro da tres giros en el análisis de los procesos: primero, toma distancia de los conocidos fenómenos nacionales para enfocarse en las esferas regional y local; segundo, desplaza las miradas de la esfera institucional a la esfera social, interesándose en las relaciones que se tejan entre actores sociales y élites políticas, así como en sus dinámicas respectivas; tercero, renuncia a sostener una concepción predeterminada de la democracia par desarrollar una perspectiva comprensiva que examine el significado que los mismos actores estudiados (tanto los participantes de la acción colectiva como las élites políticas) otorgan a la categoría de "democracia", el concepto que manejan de "Estado", y el contenido que ellos mismos confieren a la noción de "derechos"; abriendo así nuevas perspectivas.

We present measurements of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) scale in redshift-space using the clustering of quasars. We consider a sample of 147 000 quasars from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) distributed over 2044 square degrees with redshifts 0.8 0 at 6.6s significance when testing a ΛCDM model with free curvature.C 2017 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society ; AJR is grateful for support from the Ohio State University Center for Cosmology and ParticlePhysics. HGM acknowledges support from the Labex ILP (reference ANR-10-LABX-63) part of the Idex SUPER, and received financial state aid managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, as part of the programme Investissements d'avenir under the reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02. GBZ is supported by NSFC Grant No. 11673025, and by a Royal Society Newton Advanced Fellowship. RT acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council via an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (grant number ST/K004719/1) CHC is grateful for support from Leibniz-Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP). EB and PZ acknowledge support from the P2IO LabEx (ANR-10-LABX-0038). JLT acknowledges support from National Science Foundation grant AST-1615997. YW is supported by the NSFC grant number 11403034. WJP acknowledges support from the UK Space Agency through grant ST/K00283X/1, and WJP acknowledges support from the European Research Council through grant Darksurvey, and the UK Science & Technology Facilities Council through the consolidated grant ST/K0090X/1. ADM was partially supported by the NSF through grant numbers 1515404 and 1616168. IP acknowledges the support of the OCEVU Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the 'Investissements d'Avenir French government program managed by the AN. JPK acknowledges support from the ERC advanced grant LIDA. GR acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through NRF-SGER 2014055950 funded by the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST), and from the faculty research fund of Sejong University in 2016. Funding for SDSS-III and SDSS-IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and Participating Institutions. Additional funding for SDSS-III comes from the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Further information about both projects is available at www.sdss.org. SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions in both collaborations. In SDSS-III, these include the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. The Participating Institutions in SDSS-IV are Carnegie Mellon University, Colorado University, Boulder, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fuer Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, The Ohio State University, Penn State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Wisconsin and Yale University. This work made use of the facilities and staff of the UK Sciama High Performance Computing cluster supported by the ICG, SEP-Net and the University of Portsmouth. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

Aims. The Euclid space telescope will measure the shapes and redshifts of galaxies to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and the growth of cosmic structures. The estimation of the expected performance of the experiment, in terms of predicted constraints on cosmological parameters, has so far relied on various individual methodologies and numerical implementations, which were developed for different observational probes and for the combination thereof. In this paper we present validated forecasts, which combine both theoretical and observational ingredients for different cosmological probes. This work is presented to provide the community with reliable numerical codes and methods for Euclid cosmological forecasts.Methods. We describe in detail the methods adopted for Fisher matrix forecasts, which were applied to galaxy clustering, weak lensing, and the combination thereof. We estimated the required accuracy for Euclid forecasts and outline a methodology for their development. We then compare and improve different numerical implementations, reaching uncertainties on the errors of cosmological parameters that are less than the required precision in all cases. Furthermore, we provide details on the validated implementations, some of which are made publicly available, in different programming languages, together with a reference training-set of input and output matrices for a set of specific models. These can be used by the reader to validate their own implementations if required.Results. We present new cosmological forecasts for Euclid. We find that results depend on the specific cosmological model and remaining freedom in each setting, for example flat or non-flat spatial cosmologies, or different cuts at non-linear scales. The numerical implementations are now reliable for these settings. We present the results for an optimistic and a pessimistic choice for these types of settings. We demonstrate that the impact of cross-correlations is particularly relevant for models beyond a cosmological constant and may allow us to increase the dark energy figure of merit by at least a factor of three. ; Academy of Finland European Commission Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Belgian Federal Science Policy Office Canadian Euclid Consortium Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-and Raumfahrt Danish Space Research Institute Fundacao para a Cienca e a Tecnologia Spanish Government National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) 80NM0018D0004 Netherlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie Norvegian Space Center Romanian Space Agency State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) at the Swiss Space O ffice (SSO) United Kingdom Space Agency Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) L. 232/2016 European Research Council through the Darklight Advanced Research Grant 291521 Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) European Commission NASA ROSES grant 12-EUCLID12-0004 UK Science & Technology Facilities Council ST/N000668/1 ST/S000437/1 UK Space Agency ST/N00180X/1 D-ITP consortium, a program of the NWO - the OCW Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 1200171 Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities ESP2017-89838-C3-1-R H2020 programme of the European Commission 776247 German Research Foundation (DFG) Transregio 33 International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Bonn International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Cologne Bonn-Cologne Graduate School for Physics and Astronomy Royal Society of London European Research Council (ERC) 617656