Suchergebnisse

The search for food sovereignty led the Mexican government to implement strategies to encourage local production and consumption. There are, however, products that, despite their quality, present obstacles in their distribution and direct sale or leave little or no profit margin for producers. Understanding and improving the supply chain helps improve this situation. Honey producers in the country face this problem due to the presence of intermediaries and unfair competition from imported products of lower quality and price. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the internal and external factors that affect the beekeeping supply chain in Jalisco to identify the type of strategies that contribute to overcoming current problems. To do this, a 5-stage methodology is applied: 1) definition of the research question; 2) design of measuring instruments and surveys; 3) application of instruments through the non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique; 4) data analysis; and 5) determination of relevance of the research. The results show the need to define appropriate production and marketing strategies to strengthen organizations and horizontally and vertically integrate the supply chain. Among the conclusions, the need to improve product income stands out through cooperation or configuration of short supply chains, creation of institutions and standardization of comprehensive hive management practices.

The aim of this research was to analyze the role that institutional actors play as sources of innovation in the maize production system in Mexico. For this, data from 2.603 maize producers surveyed in nine states of the Mexican Republic were examined, and the Social Network Analysis (ARS) methodology was used to study the producer's relationship with other actors in the productive system around innovation. The results showed that maize producers have an Adoption of Innovations Index (InAI) of 22.2%, and the participation of institutional actors as sources of innovation for maize producer was limited. However, 1.9% of the producers who had a link with some financial, governmental, teaching or research actor, have a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) in their level of innovation, compared to those who did not have the link. In addition, institutional actors registered the greatest coverage of dissemination of innovations, with an average of 0.9%, they presented a significant difference (p < 0.05) in relation to other actors. The role of institutional actors is relevant for innovation in maize cultivation, due to the type of practices they teach producers and their coverage of dissemination achieved, so it is necessary to increase their linkage, prestige and collaboration in the agricultural sector to improve the productivity and competitiveness of producers. ; El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el papel que desempeñan los actores institucionales como fuentes de innovación en el sistema productivo del maíz en México. Se examinaron datos de 2.603 productores de maíz encuestados en nueve estados de la República Mexicana, y se utilizó la metodología del análisis de redes sociales (ARS) para estudiar la vinculación del productor con otros actores del sistema productivo en torno a la innovación. Los resultados mostraron que los productores de maíz tienen un índice de adopción de innovaciones (InAI) del 22,2 % y la participación de los actores institucionales como fuentes de innovación para el productor de maíz es limitada. Sin embargo, el 1,9 % de los productores que tenían un vínculo con algún actor financiero, gubernamental, de enseñanza o de investigación mostraron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,01) en su nivel de innovación, en comparación con quienes no tenían ningún vínculo. Además, los actores institucionales registraron la mayor cobertura de difusión de las innovaciones, con un promedio de 0,9 %, y presentaron una diferencia significativa (p<0,05) en relación con otros actores. El papel de los actores institucionales es relevante para la innovación en el cultivo maíz debido al tipo de prácticas que enseñan a los productores y la cobertura de difusión que han alcanzado. Por esto, es necesario incrementar su vinculación, prestigio y colaboración en el sector agrícola para mejorar la productividad y competitividad de los productores.