Suchergebnisse

This paper analyses the regional disparities in GDP per capita in Spain during the period from 1955 to1998. A factoring of Theil's index is held to reveal that the principal factor to any explanation would in thisbe regional inequalities. A shift-share analysis demonstrates that the less-developed regions' lower productivityis not to be explained by a different productive structure but, rather, by their lower productivity in allsectors. Given the positive relationship that exists between endowment with certain types of capital and subsequentproductivity, an analysis was undertaken of regional endowment and disparity in the same as to infrastructure,this along with both human and technological capital being taken into account. In generalterms, this makes apparent that the least-endowed regional economies have lower productivity rates. Theseresults when coupled with the foreseeable increase in territorial imbalances that EU enlargement willbring about, indicate that any cohesion policy had best continue to concentrate on the regions and be aimedat promoting the decisive factors involved in any real convergence. ; El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las disparidades regionales en PIB per cápita de Españaen el periodo 1955-1998. La descomposición del índice de Theil muestra que las desigualdades regionalesen productividad serían el principal factor explicativo. El análisis shift-share indica que la menor productividadde las regiones menos desarrolladas no se justifica por una estructura productiva diferente, sinopor una menor productividad en todos los sectores. Dada la relación positiva entre la dotación de determinadostipos de capital y la productividad, se analizan las dotaciones regionales y sus disparidades de infraestructuras,capital humano y tecnológico. En general, se observa que las economías regionales peor dotadasregistran productividades más bajas. Estos resultados, junto con el previsible incremento de losdesequilibrios territoriales que motivará la ampliación comunitaria, indican que la política de cohesión deberíaseguir siendo de naturaleza regional dirigida al fomento de los factores determinantes de la convergenciareal.

This paper analyses the regional disparities in GDP per capita in Spain during the period from 1955 to1998. A factoring of Theil's index is held to reveal that the principal factor to any explanation would in thisbe regional inequalities. A shift-share analysis demonstrates that the less-developed regions' lower productivityis not to be explained by a different productive structure but, rather, by their lower productivity in allsectors. Given the positive relationship that exists between endowment with certain types of capital and subsequentproductivity, an analysis was undertaken of regional endowment and disparity in the same as to infrastructure,this along with both human and technological capital being taken into account. In generalterms, this makes apparent that the least-endowed regional economies have lower productivity rates. Theseresults when coupled with the foreseeable increase in territorial imbalances that EU enlargement willbring about, indicate that any cohesion policy had best continue to concentrate on the regions and be aimedat promoting the decisive factors involved in any real convergence. ; El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las disparidades regionales en PIB per cápita de Españaen el periodo 1955-1998. La descomposición del índice de Theil muestra que las desigualdades regionalesen productividad serían el principal factor explicativo. El análisis shift-share indica que la menor productividadde las regiones menos desarrolladas no se justifica por una estructura productiva diferente, sinopor una menor productividad en todos los sectores. Dada la relación positiva entre la dotación de determinadostipos de capital y la productividad, se analizan las dotaciones regionales y sus disparidades de infraestructuras,capital humano y tecnológico. En general, se observa que las economías regionales peor dotadasregistran productividades más bajas. Estos resultados, junto con el previsible incremento de losdesequilibrios territoriales que motivará la ampliación comunitaria, indican que la política de cohesión deberíaseguir siendo de naturaleza regional dirigida al fomento de los factores determinantes de la convergenciareal.

p. 725-763 ; A lo largo del periodo de tiempo 1946-1996 se analiza, en primer lugar, si las técnicas o modelos de desarrollo económico existentes en cada momento han influído o determinado la política regional de Andalucía. En segundo lugar, se estudia la interpretación que de esas técnicas ha realizado los responsables políticos y económicos, que ha dado lugar a una serie de instrumentos de desarrollo regional específicos. Y, en tercer lugar, a la luz de las recientes técnicas del crecimiento económico, se analiza el impacto y adecuación de las diferentes políticas regionales a la situación económica de Andalucía a lo largo de cincuenta años. ; Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Economía Aplicada

Objective: This study examines the convergence of employment behaviour and work-life balance of foreign-born women with those of native-born Spanish women between 2014 and 2018. Background: The changing role of women in the labour market is a central development of the past century. However, the study of female labour market participation has focused on native women, typically with a college education. Method: We use the Spanish Labour Force Survey and its 2018 ad hoc module on the reconciliation of work and family life to compare the working behaviours of native and migrant women. We use a matching algorithm to construct a sample of native workers with comparable human capital and living arrangement characteristics. Results: The segmentation of the Spanish labour market leads to the concentration of female immigrants in specific occupational niches with precarious employment conditions, regardless of the length of their stay in the country. The country's employment and care regime forces female migrants to deal with their care responsibilities differently than their native counterparts: i.e., migrants are more likely than natives to interrupt their employment to fulfil household duties, and are less likely to engage in part-time work and to outsource care provision to family and professional caregivers. Conclusion: Female immigrants are doubly penalised as both immigrants and mothers.

Combating child poverty is desirable to ensure equality of opportunities across children, as well as fostering the sustainability of the societal well-being for future generations. This paper focuses on the study of child poverty in the 28 Member States of the European Union over the period 2008–2018. We analyse the relationship between child poverty and government social expenditure by controlling it with tax structure (ratio direct taxes over indirect taxes), economic growth and socio-demographic characteristics. For that, we rely on panel data methodology. This paper has verified that the effectiveness of the government social spending programmes to reduce child poverty also depends on the progressiveness of the country's tax structure. Government spending on health and education programmes could be more effective in reducing child poverty in Member States with less progressive tax structure, provided they reached the average level of public spending for the whole of the European Union. By contrast, a positive relationship between child poverty and government social protection spending regardless of the tax structure of countries was found. In this case, the underlying forces that lead to less effectiveness of social protection programmes are also stronger in the less progressive Member States. ; Junta de Andalucia SEJ-393

En este trabajo se analizan las crisis económicas registradas en la economía española desde la Gran Depresión hasta el momento actual con una fundamentación teórica en el marco de la economía institucional. Concretamente se identifican y analizan los cambios institucionales o en las reglas de juego que han podido desencadenar crisis económicas o agravarlas y, a su vez, los cambios institucionales que, desencadenados por las crisis económicas, han determinado la senda institucional (path dependence) de la economía española durante el último siglo. Además de las crisis económicas, se estudian en perspectiva histórica tres factores complementarios de significada relevancia para la configuración de los marcos institucionales de la economía española: el Plan de Estabilización de 1959, la transición democrática y la incorporación de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea. Todos ellos tienen efectos directos sobre el policy-making del país. ; This paper discusses the economic crises in Spain, from the Great Depression to current recession. Institutional economics offers the theoretical framework for identifying and analyzing the institutions and the rules of the game that have triggered or aggravated the economic crises. This work identifies the institutional changes, caused by economic depressions, which have determined the path dependence of Spanish economy during the last century. In addition, this article analyzes in historical perspective three factors relevant for the institutional environment of the Spanish economy: the Stabilization Plan of 1959, the democratic Spanish transition and Spain joined the European Economic Community. They all have direct effects on policy-making of the country.

Résumé Cet article propose une méthode indirecte pour valider les décomptes du nombre d'immigrés en Espagne établis à partir des registres municipaux de population, qui pourraient surestimer le nombre d'immigrés du fait de doubles enregistrements et de défauts de radiation en cas de départ du pays. La méthode proposée utilise deux types d'informations?: le nombre de naissances issues d'immigrés et leurs taux de fécondité. Les statistiques de naissances par origine des parents proviennent de l'état civil espagnol?; les taux de fécondité sont estimés à partir de l'Enquête nationale sur les immigrés de 2007. Pour les femmes, l'estimation indirecte ne diffère pas significativement du décompte dans le registre, ce qu'on peut considérer comme une validation des deux sources. Pour les hommes, le registre de population dénombre 15?% d'immigrés de plus que l'estimation indirecte, avec un écart statistiquement significatif. Comparés aux estimations proposées dans cet article, les dénombrements des hommes et femmes provenant d'Europe occidentale et des hommes de Roumanie présentent un excédent important. À l'inverse, le rapport est faiblement inférieur à 1 pour les hommes et femmes d'Équateur et les hommes d'Afrique, ce qui suggère un sous-enregistrement de ces groupes par le registre de population.