Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT
This essay documents growing partisan social uprootedness across Latin America over time, manifested in diminishing social trust toward parties, debilitation of links between parties and social collectivities, lowering levels of partisanship, and rising incidence of personalism in the electorate. It focuses on some unrecognized and undertheorized causal factors behind partisan involution in the region, putting emphasis on mutually reinforcing processes. First, it identifies forces endogenous to the traits of origin of diminished parties that foster their uprootedness and decay; second, it lays out some of the manifold ways that the weakening of political parties fuels regime malperformance, in a mutually reinforcing vicious circle; third, it outlines the existence of mutual feedback loops between political agency and structure; fourth, it identifies various agential sources of party decay. There are strong theoretical and empirical reasons to expect continued party deinstitutionalization across Latin America going forward.

ABSTRACTThe attempt to classify Bolivia under Evo Morales has yielded a bewildering range of regime labels. While most scholars label it a democracy with adjectives, systematic appraisals of the regime have been scant. This article aims fill this gap by providing a more systematic evaluation, putting special emphasis on features of Bolivia's electoral playing field. It evaluates the slope of key fields of competition (electoral, legislative, judicial, and mass media), finding abundant evidence that all four were substantively slanted in favor of the incumbent. During the MAS reign, political competition was genuine but fundamentally unfree and unfair, because the ruling party benefited from a truncated supply of electoral candidates; much greater access to finance; a partisan electoral management body; supermajorities in the legislature, used to dispense authoritarian legalism; a captured and weaponized judiciary; and a co-opted mass media ecosystem. Contrary to most extant characterizations, the regime is best categorized as competitive authoritarian.

Capítulo 1. Un futuro que se repite: violencia, regeneración y modernización en la historia contemporánea de Guatemala / J. T. Way, Georgia State University -- Capítulo 2. The state of rights and multiculturalism in 21st century Guatemala: National and local contexts / C. James MacKenzie, University of Lethbridge -- Capítulo 3. Configuración del sistema guatemalteco / Gema Sánchez Medero, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Rubén Sánchez Medero, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid -- Capítulo 4. Guatemalas predicament: Electoral democracy without political parties / Omar Sánchez-Sibony, Texas State University -- Capítulo 5. Nos ven como terroristas porque defendemos las tierras que ellos invadían. Conflictos sobre la gestión de los recursos naturales en el noroccidente de Guatemala / Elisabet Dueholm Rasch, Universidad de Wageningen -- Capítulo 6. Harvesting Structural Violence: Clientelist Exchange in San Pedro Necta, Huehuetenango / Nicholas Copeland, VirginiaTech -- Capítulo 7. La gestión de los servicios comunitarios de agua potable en Guatemala / William F. Vásquez, Fairfield University -- Capítulo 8. Violencia contra la mujer en Guatemala: más impunidad que castigo / David Carey Jr., University of Loyola -- Capítulo 9. Guatemala: la geopolítica en red / Emilio Sánchez Rojas, CESEDEN -- Capítulo 10. Poder local, incidencia política y gobernabilidad en temas de justicia ambiental, defensa del territorio y derechos de los pueblos indígenas en Guatemala / Eduardo Arranz Bueso, Universidad de Alicante