Suchergebnisse

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common cancer among men, and its incidence is increasing in Asia. Awareness about the status of this cancer incidence and mortality is necessary for a better plan.ObjectivesThe present study was done with the aim to investigate the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer and its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) in Asia in 2012.MethodsThis study was an ecological study, which was conducted based on the GLOBOCAN project of the World Health Organization for Asian countries. We assessed the correlation between standardized incidence rates (SIR) and standardized mortality rates (SMR) of colorectal cancer with HDI and its components using SPSS software, version 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).ResultsA total of 592,563 incidences of and 325,752 deaths from colorectal cancer were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. The 5 countries with the highest SIR were Republic of Korea (45 per 100,000), Israel (35.9 per 100,000), Singapore (33.7 per 100,000), Japan (32.2 per 100,000), and Jordan (25.6 per 100,000). The 5 countries with the highest SMR for colorectal cancer were Jordan (15.5 per 100,000), Kazakhstan (12.8 per 100,000), Democratic Republic of Korea (12 per 100,000), Brunei (12 per 100,000), and Japan (11.9 per 100,000). Correlation between HDI and SIR was 0.709 overall (P ≤ .001)— 0.667 in men (P ≤ .001) and 0.759 in women (P ≤ .001). Also, correlation between HDI and SMR overall was 0.517 (P ≤ .001)— 0.447 in men (P = .002) and 0.593 in women (P ≤ .001).ConclusionsCancer incidence and mortality are higher in countries with more development. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between standardized incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer and the Human Development Index and its components.

BACKGROUND: Early Marriage (EM) and associated Stressful Life Events (SLEs) and consequences such as psychological and physical well-being issues can lead to suicide and suicide attempts (SA). The study aimed to investigate the risk of suicide and SA among early married people who experienced SLEs. METHODS: A case–control study was conducted based on the registry for suicide in Malekan county in Iran during 2016–18. Cases included 154 SAs and 32 suicides. Simultaneously, 201 outpatients from the emergency department were chosen as controls. Holms and Rahe life event questionnaire was used to assess SLEs. Sub-group analysis (Mantel–Haenszel) by sex and age groups and multiple logistic regression were used to calculate adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for the association between EM and suicide risk after adjusting for the potential confounders. RESULTS: The proportion (female vs male) of EM among suicides, controls, and SAs was 31.25% (18.7 vs 12.5%), 15.92% (11.9 vs 4.0%), and 13.0% (11.7 vs 1.3%), respectively. In subgroup analyses by sex, EM was associated with an increased risk of suicide in both females and males 2.64 and 2.36 times, respectively. Likewise, subgroup analysis by age groups revealed that EM increased suicide risk in subjects aged 10–15 years, while no association was found for age groups of 26–40 and > 40. After adjusting for the potential confounders, EM (OR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.15 -7.29), financial problems (OR = 4.50; 95% CI: 1.83 -9.07), and family problems (OR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.19—9.59), were associated with an increased risk of suicide. However, no association was found between EM, various types of SLEs, and the risk of SA. CONCLUSIONS: We found EM and SLEs were correlated with suicide risk, while no evidence found that EM increased the risk of SA. Progress in reducing EM and addressing its serious consequences can occur by a stronger political commitment and by sharing the experiences and voices of the early married. Our study provided preliminary findings to ...

Background: Liver cancer (LC) is ranked seventh common cancer in terms of the incidence; and third in terms of the mortality in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the international distribution of the incidence and mortality of LC in 2012 based on various socio-economic and political divisions in the world. Material and methods: This study was conducted with the use of the incidence and mortality cancer data from GLOBOCAN Project in 2012. The Age-Standardized Incidence Rate (ASIR) and Age Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) of LC were expressed per 100,000 people. In the current report, we used Pearson correlation method to assess the correlation between ASIR and ASMR. Statistical significance was considered to be P<0.05. All P-values reported in this study are two-sided. Also, statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 16.0, SPSS Inc.). Results: The highest ASIR and ASMR of LC occurred in Asia (ASIR=13.3 and ASMR=12.6), less developed regions (ASIR=12 and ASMR=11.5), and Western Pacific Region of WHO (ASIR=20.4 and ASMR=19.1), and those regions with medium HDI (ASIR=14.6 and ASMR=14.1). Furthermore, the lowest ASIR and ASMR of LC occurred in Europe (ASIR=4.3 and ASMR=3.9), the more developed regions (ASIR=5.4 and ASMR=4.6), the EURO region (ASIR=4.3 and ASMR=4), and regions with high HDI (ASIR=3.8 and ASMR=4.1). Conclusion: The highest ASIR and ASMR of LC occurred in regions with a medium HDI, in WPRO, less developed regions of the world and Asia. The incidence of LC had a very gentle upward trend in most regions of the world from 1975 to 2010.