Suchergebnisse

This article examines the spatiality of peri-urban villages in Guangzhou, offering an analysis that critically rethinks displacement as a phenomenon that need not be bracketed by the narrow spatial understanding of "physical uprootedness." Building on ethnographic fieldwork research in Yonghe village, this article identifies and examines three mechanisms and forms of marginalization and dispossession that Chinese villagers have experienced during in situ urbanization: (1) large-scale expropriation of farmland to economic development zones in the mid-1980s; (2) subjection of collective assets to industrial land use by the planning authority since 1991; (3) on-going exposure to industrial pollution. The analysis shows that each of these factors is contingent on the previous one, and that villagers' engagement with recent injustices cannot be separated from their disadvantaged positions in the past. This article argues that, while overt displacement by state-led development is a clear violation of the "right to the city," in situ marginalization and dispossession without physical uprooting is equally problematic and exploitative.

AbstractThe forceful pursuit of inner‐city renewal in Shanghai since the early 1990s has to a great extent achieved spatial modernization, but at the same time it has given rise to increasing conflicts over residential relocation. Using law as a prism through which to examine the dialectic relationship between renewal practices and disputed relocation, this article argues that the series of unprecedented enactments in law that have taken place during this period have both paved the way for real estate market expansion and been a significant source of relocation disputes in Shanghai. Rather than viewing law as simply given and determinate, the article traces the regulatory regime's codification of property practices as a means of actively responding to the requirements of the real estate market. Under large‐scale renewal practices, residents' legal rights of 'return settlement' (huiban) in inner‐city areas were largely denied in the early 1990s, before being effectively abolished by the adoption of monetary compensation for displacement in the 2000s. The evolving law on property practices has greatly shaped the process of disputed relocation while simultaneously posing a potential challenge to China's use of law for market‐oriented development.Résumé Depuis le début des années 1990, la rénovation énergique du centre‐ville de Shanghai a largement réussi à moderniser l'espace mais, en même temps, elle a suscité des conflits grandissants à propos des transferts de logement. Utilisant la loi comme prisme d'examen de la relation dialectique entre les pratiques de rénovation et le relogement mis en cause, l'article préconise qu'à Shanghai, la série sans précédent de lois promulguées durant cette période a à la fois ouvert la voie à l'essor du marché immobilier et nourri une source de différends liés au relogement. Plutôt que de voir la loi comme simplement fixe et définitive, ce travail révèle dans la codification de la réglementation sur les pratiques de propriété, un moyen de répondre concrètement aux exigences du marché immobilier. En vertu de pratiques de rénovation à grande échelle, les droits juridiques des résidents à'un relogement sur place' (huiban) dans un quartier du centre‐ville ont été très souvent refusés au début des années 1990, avant d'être supprimés dans les faits via l'adoption d'une indemnisation financière de déménagement dans les années 2000. La loi évolutive sur les pratiques de propriété a considérablement modelé le processus de relogement mis en cause, tout en interrogeant l'usage fait de la loi chinoise au bénéfice d'une orientation vers le marché.

Since the early 2000s, transfer of development rights has served as a compensatory regime to address the 'reserved land' issue in Taiwan, a planning challenge that has seen private owners remain uncompensated for land flagged by the government for public facilities. This article investigates two aspects of the implementation of transfer of development rights in Taiwan. First, it examines the local adaptation process by which the use of transfer of development rights has been diverted from its original function of historical preservation. Second, it maps the spatial impact of this compensation process, using Sanchong District in New Taipei City as a case study. We demonstrate that trends of high-end developments in prime locations and 'piecemeal transfer' in the city's older, inner neighbourhoods show worrisome patterns of uneven development. We conclude that the neoliberal effects generated by the transfer of development rights policy have complicated the planning challenge the policy was initially intended to resolve.