Protestantism and the American Founding
In: Utopian studies, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 316-320
ISSN: 2154-9648
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In: Utopian studies, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 316-320
ISSN: 2154-9648
In: Labour / Le Travail, Band 34, S. 189
"We all care about our health. We all want to be healthy individuals and want our children, parents, partners, and friends to be healthy. Public health aspires to create a world where we can all live our healthiest possible life, to realize our full human potential. This book aims to serve as an introduction to public health for anyone who is interested in this ideal."
In: Evaluation and Program Planning, Band 49, S. 149-152
In: Evaluation and program planning: an international journal, Band 49, S. 185-191
ISSN: 1873-7870
In: Journal of women & aging: the multidisciplinary quarterly of psychosocial practice, theory, and research, Band 12, Heft 1-2, S. 39-62
ISSN: 1540-7322
In: Journal of biosocial science: JBS, Band 38, Heft 6, S. 835-842
ISSN: 1469-7599
Lack of social integration predicts coronary heart disease mortality in prospective studies; however, the biological pathways that may be responsible are poorly understood. The specific aims of this study were to examine whether social networks are associated with serum concentrations of the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Participants in the Framingham Study attending examinations from 1998 to 2001 (n=3267) were eligible for inclusion in the study. Social networks were assessed using the Berkman–Syme Social Network Index (SNI). Concentrations of IL-6, CRP, sICAM-1 and MCP-1 were measured in fasting serum samples. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of social networks with inflammatory markers adjusting for potential confounders including age, smoking, blood pressure, total:HDL cholesterol ratio, body mass index, lipid-lowering and antihypertensive medication, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, depression and socioeconomic status. Results found that the SNI was significantly inversely associated with IL-6 in men (p=0·03) after adjusting for potential confounders. In age-adjusted analyses, social networks also were significantly inversely associated with IL-6 for women (p=0·03) and were marginally to modestly associated with CRP and sICAM-1 for men (p=0·08 and 0·02, respectively), but these associations were not significant in the multivariate analyses. In conclusion, social networks were found to be inversely associated with interleukin-6 levels in men. The possibility that inflammatory markers may be potential mediators between social integration and coronary heart disease merits further investigation.