Suchergebnisse

Translated from the Russian from Sowjetstaat und Recht, no. 9, 1976, by I. Zimmermann.

1 Origins of Packaging Development -- The Industrial Revolution -- The Birth of Packaging Development -- National and International Recognition -- 2 Package Development: An Overview -- Interrelationships -- Developmental Paths -- 3 Packaging Materials -- Ceramics -- Metals -- Plant Products -- Plastics -- ABS -- 4 Package Forms -- Rigid and Semirigid Package Forms -- Flexible Package Forms -- Converting of Flexible Packaging Materials -- 5 Materials and Package Testing -- Quality Testing of Packaging Materials -- Identification of Unknown Packaging Materials -- Quality Testing of Fabricated Packages -- Product-Package Compatibility Testing -- Shipping and Abuse Testing -- 6 The Packaging Process: Testing a Segment of Manufacturing Operations -- The Manufacturing Process -- The Packaging Process -- Development of Equipment -- 7 Packaging Equipment -- Can Packaging Equipment -- Glass Packaging Equipment -- Other Primary Packages -- Paperboard Cartons -- Equipment for Flexible Packaging -- Thermoformed Packages -- 8 The Relationship of Packaging to Marketing -- Product Life Cycle -- Pricing Policy -- Distribution Policy -- Market Research -- Product-Package Promotion -- A Marketing Case History: Doy-N-Pack vs. BrikPak -- Package Styling and Design -- 9 Governmental Regulations Affecting Packaging -- Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act—1938 -- The 1958 Food Additives Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act -- Food Additive Definition -- New Amendment to Food Additive Legislation (1983) -- Manufacturing Regulations -- Future Activity -- The FDA and Drugs -- The Color Additive Amendment -- The "Fair Packaging and Labeling" Bill -- Other Governmental Regulations -- FDA versus USDA -- Freight Regulations -- 10 Strategic Planning in Packaging -- Text -- 11 Technological Forecasting -- Technology -- Why Plan? -- Why Forecast? -- What Is Technology? -- Why Is Forecasting Possible? -- Origins of Technological Forecasting -- What Is Technological Forecasting -- Objective of the Forecast -- Qualifications of the Person or Institution Making the Statement about the Future -- Methodologies Used to Provide a Picture of the Future -- Interactions External to Technology -- Process of Technological Innovation -- Intuitive Forecasting -- Trend Extrapolation -- Monitoring -- Structural Analysis -- Modeling -- Cross-Impact Analysis -- Scenario Generation -- Conclusion.