Suchergebnisse

In this study, the contributors examine the evolution of Japanese direct investment in Europe and explore its determinants. They illustrate how, as multinationals, Japanese firms adapt to local conditions and try to take advantage of a global organisation. In this respect, three areas in particular are explored: human resource management, relationships with suppliers and R&D unit locations

Résumé La faible croissance de l'UE15 se traduit par une baisse de sa part dans la production mondiale et par celle de son niveau de vie relatif. L'agenda de Lisbonne (2000) visait à renforcer sa capacité de croissance, mais l'hétérogénéité de l'Union et ses compétences limitées ont entravé ses progrès au point d'en compromettre les objectifs. La stratégie de Lisbonne devrait mieux définir les domaines de responsabilité respectifs des politiques nationales et européennes dans l'adaptation aux défis de l'économie de la connaissance et de la mondialisation.

The Rise of China Threat and Opportunity for the Advanced Countries by Frédérique SACHWALD Over the last two decades China has been taking an increasing part in international trade The international networks of production developed by multinational compa nies determine the composition and geographical distribution of the international trade in manufactured products from China which specializes in assembly-line oper ations This integration of China within networks of production explains why the country does not only export labour intensive products but also high technology products with this exarcebating perceptions of ch nese competition This perception of threats as well as of wide-ranging opportunities which ch nese growth represents do however vary according to the situation of the different advanced countries in particular according to the international specialization of each economy and to its capacity to sustain growth through innovation France finds itself from this point of view in an unfavourable position

Putting Globalisation to Good Use, by Frédérique SACHWALD
Globalisation is often perceived as an anonymous force imposing change from the outside on various countries. Yet growing openness to trade and capital flows stems from choices made by governments, not only those of the rich countries, but also, and more recentïy, those of the poor ones, which have sought to take advantage of opportunities for integration into broader economie spheres. Globalisation forms part of the dynamics of modem economies, wnere innovation and the need for risk management have led governments to rely increasingly on market-based solutions. An analysis of two decades of globalisation shows that its impact is "filtered" by the national context, which itself reflects collective choices. National policies there-fore remain instrumental in leveraging the benéficial effects of globalisation and in anticipating and offsetting its negative effects. This is what emerges from the analysis of poverty reduction in the world and the evolution of inequalities in the industrialised countries.