Kontroversi peran wanita dalam politik (kekuasaan) menjadi ajang menarik untuk diperbincangkan. Pro dan kontra tak dapat terhindarkan. Satu sisi ada yang menaruh harapan, namun disisi lain merasakan kekhawatiran dan ketakutan yang luar biasa. Dualisme pro dan kontra tersebut karena dipicu oleh suatu polemik yang dipahami secara berbeda dari hadis yang berbunyi: "mereka yang mempercayakan urusan mereka kepada wanita, tidak akan merasakan kemakmuran". Hadis tersebut kemudian menghasilkan dua pendapat, untuk pendapat pertama berusaha mengkultuskan peran kelelakian sehingga hadis tersebut di jadikan 'senjata pamungkas' untuk meng-counter dan memarginalkan peran wanita dalam kanca politik (kepala Negara), sedangkan pendapat yang kedua berusaha mendobrak kultus kelelakian, sehingga pendapatnya berusaha menggugat keberadaan dan keabsahan hadis tersebut. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana dalam konteks syariah Islam memberikan ruang dalam kekuasaan terhadap perempuan untuk menjadi pemimpin kepala Negara. Kata Kunci : Islam Kekuasaan, dan Pemimpin Wanita
This article offers a study of h}ududi (limit) in Islamic family law contained in the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). The study of h}ududi is nothing other than the process of desacralization that KHI becomes progressive in line with the development of modernity and in the context of Indonesian-ness. To that end, this article makes two efforts, firstly, by rejecting the idea that gives no attention to limit in one hand, and secondly, by strengthening the thoughts of scholars who offer new ijtihad both in its concept until to methodology. Thought that strengthens it came from Syrian figure, namely Muh}ammad Shah}rur, through a plausibility structure. His study of hududsupported Nurcholish Madjid idea about the de-sacralization, so as to perform the coherence between KHI to human rights issues, democracy, nation-state, civil society, and constitutionalism. So this article supports the spirit of de-sacralization - in addition to not abandon its sacralization - initiated by Nurcholish Madjid. The source of this study is KHI, by using the hududparadigm, that based on a maxim of sabat al-naswa harakah al-muhtawa, meaning that the text is permanent , but the content moves. So that the rule of law is always rooted in liminality based on the text, which is the pivot of study centered on the text toward the context, not vice versa.
Kesetaraan gender yang kian hari semakin melemah, dengan kecanggihan teknologi dapat bangkit kembali untuk memberikan peran dan porsi kerja yang sama antara laki-laki dan perempuan baik dalam wilayah domistik maupun publik. Keterbatasan seorang perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki tidak lagi menjadi kendala, seorang perempuan di dalam eksoskeleton bisa 1.000 kali lebih perkasa dibandingkan seorang laki-laki. Untuk itulah perlu adanya pemberdayaan gender berbasis teknologi dengan melakukan penyusunan anggaran bagi semua lapisan masyarakat (laki-laki dan perempuan) menerima manfaat dan memiliki akses yang sama terhadap anggaran tersebut untuk mampu mengaplikasikan teknologi. Penyusunan anggaran responsif gender berbasis teknologi ini mempunyai pandangan dan pemahaman yang sama akan arti, manfaat dan pentingnya kesetaraan dan keadilan gender. Mengingat bahwa kesinambungan sangat penting dalam pencapaian kesetaraan dan keadilan gender, maka analisis gender dalam berbagai kebijakan dan program berbasis teknologi perlu dilanjutkan dan ditingkatkan. Berbagai kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan adalah komitmen para penentu kebijakan baik di lingkungan eksekutif, legislatif dan yudikatif, minimnya pakar analisis gender karena kurangnya alokasi dana untuk peningkatan kapasitas, dan terbatasnya data terpilah berdasar jenis kelamin, perlu mendapat perhatian secara seksama agar pelaksanaan strategi dapat berjalan secara efektif dan berkesinambungan di masa yang akan datang. Gender equality has weakened, technology has to be bounced back to give the same role and the work portion between men and women both in the domestic and public area. Limitations of a woman than men are no longer become an obstacle; a woman inside the exoskeletons could be 1,000 times more powerful than a man. for this reason, the need for the promotion of gender based technology by perform budget formulation, so all levels of society (male and female) receive benefits and have equal access to the budget for being able to apply the technology. Gender responsive budget formulation based on this technology has a view and a common understanding of the meaning, benefits and importance of gender equality and justice. Considering that continuity is very important in the achievement of gender equality, the gender analysis in a variety of technology-based policies and programs need to be continued and enhanced. Various obstacles encountered in the implementation is the commitment of policy makers both within the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, lack of gender analysis expert due to lack of funds allocation for capacity building, and the lack of data disaggregated by sex, need attention thoroughly in order to implement the strategy may run effective and sustainable in the future.
Islamic law has set universally regarding family law issues relating to divorce, but it seems that the difference for women's rights after divorce occurs in a range of applications in the side or the level of legal arrangements, given the differences in social system, cultural system or even the political system in each each country both in Indonesia and in the Islamic world. Comparative analysis of family law related to women's rights after divorce in this article, based on the exposure of legal jurisprudence schools and the positive law in force in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia Tunisia, Iran, Egypt, Yemen, Turkey, and Iraq, special about the reasons of divorce. In general, these countries legal materials more dominant tendency is patterned Shafi'i schools. However, there are several different opportunities such as: in terms of the chances of divorce, in each country appears once judiciary complicate divorce, meaning to go keperceraian first sought peace efforts were made as strong as possible. Yet in terms of the position of the parties is protected rights before the law (principle of equality before the law) in each country for example in Indonesia and South Yemen, especially in Yemen has also strengthened in its National Constitution that "The State guarantee or protect the legal equality between laki- men with women in all aspects of life, whether political, economic, and social life ".
Abstract.This paper offers hududi studies in Islamic family law contained in the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI). Meanwhile, the hududi study itself is a process of desacralization as a form of KHI products to become progressive along with modernity and Indonesianness. To realize the quo vadis, this article carries out two ijtihad thoughts, namely, rejecting thoughts that have not heed hududi (limit) and strengthening the thinking of scholars who offer new ijtihad both on the plain of concept to methodological proposals. This encouraging thought came from a Syrian figure, namely Muhammad Shahrur, through the plausibility structure. His hududi study supports Nurcholish Madjid's idea of desacralization, so that he is able to carry out coherence between KHI and the fields of human rights, democracy, nation state, civil society, and constitutionalism. So this article supports the spirit of desacralization - apart from not giving up its sacredness - which is echoed by Nurcholish Madjid through his book on the theme: Islam, Kemodernan and Keindonesiaan. The source of the study of this article is KHI, while the way to read is by using the hududi paradigm, which is armed with the adagium sabat al-nass wa harakah al-muhtawa, meaning that the text is permanent (the text is permanent) and its content is constantly changing (the content moves). So that legal norms always derive from text-based liminality, whose axis of study is centered from text to context, not the opposite from context to text.Keywords: Equilibrium, Human Rights, KHI, and Indonesian-Modernity Abstrak. tulisan ini menawarkan studi hududi dalam hukum keluarga Islam yang terdapat dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI). Sedangkan studi hududi itu sendiri merupakan proses desakralisasi sebagai wujud agar produk KHI menjadi progresif seiring dengan modernitas dan keindonesiaan. Untuk mewujudkan quo vadis tersebut, maka artikel ini melakukan dua ijtihad pemikiran yakni, menolak pemikiran yang belum mengindahkan hududi (limit, batas) dan menguatkan pemikiran para sarjana yang menawarkan ijtihad baru baik pada dataran konsep sampai pada tawaran metodologis. Pemikiran yang menguatkan itu datang dari tokoh Syiria, yakni Muhammad Shahrur, lewat struktur kemasukakalan (plausibilitas structure). Studi hududi-nya mendukung ide dari Nurcholish Madjid tentang desakralisasi, sehingga mampu melakukan koherensi antara KHI dengan bidang HAM, demokrasi, nation state, civil society, dan konstitusionalisme. Jadi artikel ini mendukung semangat desakralisasi – di samping tidak menanggalkan sakralisasinya – yang dikumandangkan oleh Nurcholish Madjid melalui bukunya yang bertema: Islam, Kemodernan dan Keindonesiaan. Sumber kajian artikel ini adalah KHI, sedangkan cara membaca dengan memakai paradigma hududi, yang berbekal pada adagium sabat al-nass wa harakah al-muhtawa, artinya teksnya tetap (the text is permanent) dan kandungannya terus berubah (the content moves). Sehingga norma hukum selalu bersumber pada liminalitas berbasis pada teks, yang poros kajiannya berpusat dari teks menuju konteks bukan sebaliknya dari konteks menuju teks.Kata Kunci: Equilibrium, HAM, KHI, dan Modernitas-Keindonesiaan
