Suchergebnisse

This article illustrates how the creation of a Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Malta is failing to adequately include stakeholders in the configuration of conservation targets and measures, leaving local fishers increasingly disempowered. Through a series of interviews and long-term participatory observation, it has been found that the leaders who represent local fishers are failing to communicate the MPA process to their community. Instead, they are using their position in the MPA negotiations to subjugate and silence the fishing community in general and trammel netters in particular. Moreover, in their support for the MPA, these community leaders reproduce the state's conservation discourse to pressure authorities to ban trammel net fishing, with whom they tend to be in competition. It is concluded that the state's narrow focus on ecology, the tight deadlines set out in the EU Habitats Directive, and the misrepresentation of the fishers, has characterised the process of creating this MPA. If artisanal livelihoods are not protected by conservation policies, fishers may regard conservation as a threat to their way of life, and resist policy measures. This compromises conversation efforts and can make the enforcement of the MPAs more expensive. This paper recommends a revision of the community consultation policies of the MPA to allow broader and more representative participation from the local community by encouraging engagement throughout the process as part of a consensual approach to effective marine conservation.

This paper highlights how multi-scalar interstitial policy failings of the EU fisheries policy can directly trigger policy gaps in fisheries management at the expense of artisanal communities, leading to further expansion opportunities for industrial fishing and triggering instability and marginalization of traditional fishing communities. In order to contextualize and demonstrate this complexity, we explore a detailed scenario of the Maltese waters to show how the development of a national policy portfolio post-EU accession has destabilized long-existing functional fishing governance mechanisms and now pose a direct challenge to the sustainable management of the marine socio-ecological system. Using a mixed-method approach to investigate the partially obscured social, economic and political dynamics which drive marine policy, we demonstrate how the coastal fisheries have become subject to multiple-use competition arising primarily from a burgeoning recreational fishing sector that has benefited from "access-enabling policies," and is, to a great extent uninhibited by fish conservation regulations. Our findings demonstrate how a deeper understanding of the sociopolitical ramifications of policy processes is necessary to improve the governance and management of contested and congested open-access fisheries.

Part 1: Justice is Needed in Three Governance Orders -- Chapter 1: Small-Scale Fisheries in the Blue Economy -- Chapter 2: Justice in Three Orders -- Part 2: Justice Issues Have Deep Historical Roots -- Chapter 3: Coastal Small-Scale Fisheries in Brazil: Resentment against Policy Disarray -- Chapter 4: Social (In)Justice for Small-Scale Fisherfolk in the Turks And Caicos Islands: Struggling to Stay Afloat in a Tax Haven -- Chapter 5: Governance for Blue Justice: Examining Struggles and Contradictions in Atlantic Canada's Small-Scale Fisheries -- Part 3: Justice Issues Stem from Old and New Conflicts -- Chapter 6: Conflicts in the Artisanal Fishing Industry of Ghana: Reactions of Fishers to Regulatory Measures -- Chapter 7: Blue Justice and Small-Scale Fisher Migration: A Case Study from Sri Lanka -- Chapter 8: Marginalization and Reinvention of Small-Scale Fisheries: A Finnish Case Study of Social Justice -- Part 4: Justice is Systemic and Multi-Dimensional -- Chapter 9: An Evaluation of Multidimensional Conflicts in Small-Scale Fisheries in Nigeria -- Chapter 10: Perception and Reality of Justice in the Small-Scale Fisheries of Nigeria -- Chapter 11: Making Sense Of Multidimensional Injustice for Creating Viable Small-Scale Fisheries in Chilika Lagoon, Bay of Bengal -- Part 5: Justice Is a Territorial and Spatial Issue -- Chapter 12: Legalized Injustices: Old Providence Island (Colombia) Small Scale Fisheries in the Context of Geopolitical Disputes and State Power -- Chapter 13: Social Conflicts and Fishery Governance Systems in the Estuary and Coast of Pará, Amazonia, Brazil -- Chapter 14: Flagging Justice Matters in EU Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) -- Part 6: Justice is Competitive in Alternative Livelihoods -- Chapter 15: Adopting a Blue Justice Lens for Japanese Small-Scale Fisheries: Important Insights from the Case of Inatori Kinme Fishery -- Chapter 16: Feeling the Pinch: Perceived Marginalization of Small-Scale Commercial Crab Fishers by an Expanding Recreational Sector -- Chapter 17: Making Pescatourism Just for Small-Scale Fisheries: The Case of Turkey and Lessons for Others -- Part 7: Justice is an Imminent Issue for Inland Fisheries -- Chapter 18: Exploring Challenges of "Blue Justice" in Landlocked Mountainous Countries: The Case of Nepal -- Chapter 19: Blue Justice and Inland Fisheries: How Justice Principles Could Support Transformative Knowledge Production in the Mekong Region -- Chapter 20: Navigating Conflicts to Improve Livelihoods of Traditional Communities Impacted by Hydroelectric Dams -- Part 8: Justice Issues Are More Evident when in Crisis -- Chapter 21: The 2019 Brazilian Oil Spill: Perceptions of Affected Fishers -- Chapter 22: Small-Scale Fishers in the Time of Covid-19: Reinforcing the Inequalities in the Food, Economic and Governance Systems in South Africa and Zimbabwe -- Chapter 23: Vulnerability and Social Justice among Fishing Households Headed by Women in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka -- Part 9: Justice is a Priori Condition for Sustainable Development -- Chapter 24: Understanding Vulnerability of Urban Waterfront Communities to Rapid Development: the Case of Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria -- Chapter 25: Mariculture Parks in the Philippines Push Small-Scale Fishers out of, or far into, the Waters -- Chapter 26: Incentives to Mariculture Development in Brazil: Environmental Injustice on Traditional Fishing Communities -- Chapter 27: Pescastemic Rights for Blue Justice: Aquaculture and Coal Power Complexes in Chile -- Part 10: Justice Is about Going beyond Claims -- Chapter 28: Institutionalizing Injustice? Aligning Governance Orders in Swedish Small-Scale Fisheries -- Chapter 29: Navigating Institutional Change in the French Atlantic Fishing Sector: How do Artisanal Fishers Obtain and Secure Fishing Opportunities? -- Chapter 30: Blue Justice and Small-Scale Fisher Mobilizations in Istanbul, Turkey: Justice Claims, Political Agency and Alliances -- Part 11: Justice Needs a Strong Knowledge Foundation -- Chapter 31: Transdisciplinarity and Blue Justice: The Alianza Nuquí, a Research-Action Platform for Wellbeing and Reflexive Governance in the Colombian Pacific Coast -- Chapter 32: Strengthening Capabilities of Individuals and Communities through a Small-Scale Fisheries Academy -- Chapter 33: Understanding Gender Equality in Small-Scale Fisheries and its Role in Enhancing Blue Justice -- Part 12: Justice is Better Understood from Experience -- Chapter 34: Collective Experiences, Lessons and Reflections about Blue Justice -- Chapter 35: Towards Blue Justice for Small-Scale Fisheries.

The profile of small-scale fisheries has been raised through a dedicated target within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG14b) that calls for the provision of 'access of small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets'. By focusing on access to fisheries resources in the context of European Union, in this article we demonstrate that the potential for small-scale fishing sectors to benefit from fishing opportunities remains low due to different mechanisms at play including legislative gaps in the Common Fisheries Policy, and long-existing local structures somewhat favouring the status quo of distributive injustice. Consequently, those without access to capital and authority are faced by marginalizing allocation systems, impacting the overall resilience of fishing communities. Achieving SDG14b requires an overhaul in the promulgation of policies emanating from the present nested governance systems.

The profile of small-scale fisheries has been raised through a dedicated target within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG14b) that calls for the provision of 'access of small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets'. By focusing on access to fisheries resources in the context of European Union, in this article we demonstrate that the potential for small-scale fishing sectors to benefit from fishing opportunities remains low due to different mechanisms at play including legislative gaps in the Common Fisheries Policy, and long-existing local structures somewhat favouring the status quo of distributive injustice. Consequently, those without access to capital and authority are faced by marginalizing allocation systems, impacting the overall resilience of fishing communities. Achieving SDG14b requires an overhaul in the promulgation of policies emanating from the present nested governance systems.