Suchergebnisse

Disposal of agricultural wastes are posing environmental hazards which leads to efforts of efficiently utilizing them. This study surveyed a sugar central and a fruit processing plant to collect data on the volume of wastes from representative agricultural crops (e.g. mango, citrus, pineapple, sugarcane, papaya and soybean) in the Philippines during the 2012–2013 and 2014–2015 seasons, respectively. Their potential use in aquafeed was examined in terms of nutritional quality, presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) and pesticide residues. About 40 to 60 % of agricultural wastes generated after processing were peels, pulps or brans, seeds, bagasse, molasses and okara. Most of the agricultural wastes had high levels of fiber and carbohydrate, and low levels of protein, although okara (25 % crude protein) and citrus by-products (11–16 % crude protein) showed acceptable nutritional quality. ANFs such as lignin are largely present in all agricultural wastes, whereas high levels of phenols, and saponins and alkaloids were found in mango seeds and mango peels, respectively. Pesticide residues were detected only in mango and citrus peels but at levels below the maximum residue limits of FAO Codex Alimentarius. From both nutritional and environmental perspectives, agricultural wastes have potential use in aquafeed production but their suitability should be further elucidated in diets for omnivorous fish species such as tilapia. ; The study was supported by the Government of Japan – Trust Fund 6 under the study code: 8300-B-RD-FD0415. The authors thank the staff of the sugar central, fruit processing plant and government offices for sharing their data with the authors and Mr. Nemencio Olorvida for his assistance during field collection.

Disposal of agricultural wastes are posing environmental hazards which leads to efforts of efficiently utilizing them. This study surveyed a sugar central and a fruit processing plant to collect data on the volume of wastes from representative agricultural crops (e.g. mango, citrus, pineapple, sugarcane, papaya and soybean) in the Philippines during the 2012–2013 and 2014–2015 seasons, respectively. Their potential use in aquafeed was examined in terms of nutritional quality, presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) and pesticide residues. About 40 to 60 % of agricultural wastes generated after processing were peels, pulps or brans, seeds, bagasse, molasses and okara. Most of the agricultural wastes had high levels of fiber and carbohydrate, and low levels of protein, although okara (25 % crude protein) and citrus by-products (11–16 % crude protein) showed acceptable nutritional quality. ANFs such as lignin are largely present in all agricultural wastes, whereas high levels of phenols, and saponins and alkaloids were found in mango seeds and mango peels, respectively. Pesticide residues were detected only in mango and citrus peels but at levels below the maximum residue limits of FAO Codex Alimentarius. From both nutritional and environmental perspectives, agricultural wastes have potential use in aquafeed production but their suitability should be further elucidated in diets for omnivorous fish species such as tilapia. ; The study was supported by the Government of Japan – Trust Fund 6 under the study code: 8300-B-RD-FD0415. The authors thank the staff of the sugar central, fruit processing plant and government offices for sharing their data with the authors and Mr. Nemencio Olorvida for his assistance during field collection.

This study conducted participatory enhancement of abalone Haliotis asinina and sandfish Holothuria scabra stocks using hatchery-bred and reared seeds released in the shores of Molocaboc Island in multi-use buffer zone of Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines. The Community-Based Resource Enhancement (CBRE) process, implemented continuously from 2006 to 2019, include social and biophysical preparation, formulation of fisheries management and governance strategies, release of hatchery-reared juveniles, monitoring and periodic assessment, and socioeconomic impact assessment. CBRE was implemented through a tri-party collaboration involving fisherfolks, local government and research institutions. The abalone and sandfish enhancement procedures comprised of breeding in hatcheries, rearing of juveniles either in nursery facilities or net cages in coastal areas, and release in enhancement areas. A total of 11,500 tagged abalone juveniles were released in 11 batches in a protected coralline site from 2011 to 2015. Monthly monitoring showed increase in abalone catch per unit effort (3 divers, 1 hour fishing) in the release site from 0–2 individuals during baseline in 2011 to up to 150 individuals until 2019, including spill-overs without tags. Meanwhile, 96,400 hatchery-bred and reared sandfish juveniles were stocked in floating netcages in 15 batches and later released in sea ranch where mean density increased significantly from 3 to 138 individuals/ha in 2015 to 2019. Gleaning should comply with locally instituted catch-size regulation to sustain the fishery. Additional project activities include the construction and operationalization of a smallscale solar-powered hatchery on-site; freeze-drying trials of abalone meat to improve market reach; and initiatives to replicate the project in Lahuy Islands in Caramoan, Camarines Sur. Aquaculture, through seed production, therefore plays a key role in enhancement of threatened high-value species. Resource enhancement benefitted the fisheries through participatory management and eventually provided spill-overs to supplement income of marginalized fishers. ; The authors thank SEAFDEC/AQD and collaborators such as the Barangay Molocaboc FARMC/MOSRA and PAMBSMR of Sagay City. Funds and program support were provided by the GOJTF (8100-T-RD-SE0105, SE0110, and SE0015). The authors acknowledge the inputs from GOJTF Co-Managers Dr. Koichi Okuzawa, Dr. Hiroshi Ogata, Dr. Teruo Azuma, Dr. Takuro Shibuno, Dr. Chihaya Nakayasu, and Dr. Koh-ichiro Mori.

This study conducted participatory enhancement of abalone Haliotis asinina and sandfish Holothuria scabra stocks using hatchery-bred and reared seeds released in the shores of Molocaboc Island in multi-use buffer zone of Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines. The Community-Based Resource Enhancement (CBRE) process, implemented continuously from 2006 to 2019, include social and biophysical preparation, formulation of fisheries management and governance strategies, release of hatchery-reared juveniles, monitoring and periodic assessment, and socioeconomic impact assessment. CBRE was implemented through a tri-party collaboration involving fisherfolks, local government and research institutions. The abalone and sandfish enhancement procedures comprised of breeding in hatcheries, rearing of juveniles either in nursery facilities or net cages in coastal areas, and release in enhancement areas. A total of 11,500 tagged abalone juveniles were released in 11 batches in a protected coralline site from 2011 to 2015. Monthly monitoring showed increase in abalone catch per unit effort (3 divers, 1 hour fishing) in the release site from 0–2 individuals during baseline in 2011 to up to 150 individuals until 2019, including spill-overs without tags. Meanwhile, 96,400 hatchery-bred and reared sandfish juveniles were stocked in floating netcages in 15 batches and later released in sea ranch where mean density increased significantly from 3 to 138 individuals/ha in 2015 to 2019. Gleaning should comply with locally instituted catch-size regulation to sustain the fishery. Additional project activities include the construction and operationalization of a smallscale solar-powered hatchery on-site; freeze-drying trials of abalone meat to improve market reach; and initiatives to replicate the project in Lahuy Islands in Caramoan, Camarines Sur. Aquaculture, through seed production, therefore plays a key role in enhancement of threatened high-value species. Resource enhancement benefitted the fisheries through participatory management and eventually provided spill-overs to supplement income of marginalized fishers. ; The authors thank SEAFDEC/AQD and collaborators such as the Barangay Molocaboc FARMC/MOSRA and PAMBSMR of Sagay City. Funds and program support were provided by the GOJTF (8100-T-RD-SE0105, SE0110, and SE0015). The authors acknowledge the inputs from GOJTF Co-Managers Dr. Koichi Okuzawa, Dr. Hiroshi Ogata, Dr. Teruo Azuma, Dr. Takuro Shibuno, Dr. Chihaya Nakayasu, and Dr. Koh-ichiro Mori.