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The present study is devoted to highlighting the instability and threat that Spain suffers in relation to the Social and Democratic State of Law, as one of the most important milestones of humanity and the need for its restoration and consolidation through the respect of the international commitments, in particular, those concerning the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the European Social Charter. Existing deficits, brought to light by the clear violations of social rights observed and reported by the respective supranational supervisory bodies, are thoroughly analysed and foreseeable challenges to be faced are also examined. As is pointed out, said violations must be remedied and promptly complied with, in line with an authentic and binding interpretation of Article 96 of the Spanish Constitution and of Act 25/2014, of 27 November 2014, on Treaties and other International Agreements. Thus, by meeting the demands of its citizens, Spain's legitimacy would be reinforced, the public´s confidence in the State would be restored and, ultimately, social justice would be strengthened. ; El presente estudio se dedica a mostrar la desestabilización y amenaza que adolece en España uno de los hitos más importantes de la humanidad, como es el Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho y la necesidad de su restablecimiento y consolidación por la vía del respeto de los compromisos internacionales asumidos, en particular, respecto del Pacto de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales y de la Carta Social Europea.A lo largo del mismo, se examinan los déficits existentes, puestos de manifiesto con las violaciones de derechos sociales constatadas y comunicadas por los respectivos órganos supranacionales de control de su cumplimiento, que deben ser corregidas y acatadas, como interpretación auténtica y vinculante, en cumplimiento del art. 96 de la Constitución Española y de la Ley 25/2014, de 27 de noviembre, de Tratados y otros Acuerdos Internacionales, así como los ineludibles retos a asumir.Con ello, se fortalecería la legitimidad del país, se incrementaría la confianza de la sociedad en el Estado al atender las exigencias de los ciudadanos y, por derivación, la justicia social.

La Charte Sociale Européenne est le traité le plus important dans le domaine des droits sociaux s'érigeant en une véritable Constitution Sociale de l'Europe (Processus de Turin). L'Espagne présente la déplorable réalité d'être à l'arrière de la plupart des États, vu que 34 pays ont ratifié la version révisée alors que le nôtre se place parmi les neuf qui continuent sans le faire depuis l'année 1996.Même si la situation est inadmissible, sa mise en oeuvre dans le domaine judiciare, moyennant les jugements et arrêts de l'ordre social, progresse heureusement de plus en plus, notamment depuis le mois de novembre 2013 en ce qui concerne le respect de la Charte de 1961 et celui du Protocole de 1988 à l'égard des modifications normatives adoptées afin de faire face à la crise -la durée de la période d'essai d'une année d'un nouveau contrat de travail, l'abrogation du mode de calcul de la revalorisation des pensions ou les astreintes au regard de leur assimilation aux périodes de repos-. Par conséquent, la Charte Sociale Européenne est dévenue l'arme des citoyens face aux violations des droits sociaux, c'est à dire, des droits de l'homme. --- This article The European Social Charter ("ESC") is the most significant social rights treaty, truly becoming Europe´s Social Constitution (Turin Process). Spain lagging behind over thirty-four European States, who have already ratified the revised 1996 ESC, is a much regrettable reality.Fortunately, despite this unacceptable reality, the judicial application of the ESC by labour courts is making substantial progress; since November of 2013, as regards enforcement of the 1961 ESC and its 1988 Protocol, in relation to legislative amendments adopted in order to deal with the economic crisis, namely, the duration of the one-year trial period for new labour contracts, the revocation of the pensions uprating, and the consideration of on-call periods as working time, among others.As a result of the foregoing, the European Social Charter has become a weapon for citizens vis-à-vis social rights, and consequently, human rights violations.

This article The European Social Charter ('ESC') is the most significant social rights treaty, truly becoming Europe´s Social Constitution (Turin Process). Spain lagging behind over thirty-four European States, who have already ratified the revised 1996 ESC, is a much regrettable reality. Fortunately, despite this unacceptable reality, the judicial application of the ESC by labour courts is making substantial progress; since November of 2013, as regards enforcement of the 1961 ESC and its 1988 Protocol, in relation to legislative amendments adopted in order to deal with the economic crisis, namely, the duration of the one-year trial period for new labour contracts, the revocation of the pensions uprating, and the consideration of on-call periods as working time, among others. As a result of the foregoing, the European Social Charter has become a weapon for citizens vis-à-vis social rights, and consequently, human rights violations.

International audience ; One of the reforms of the Government that has received more criticism in recent years has been done by Royal Legislative Decree 16/2012 of 20 April on urgent measures to guarantee the sustainability of the national health system and to improve the quality and security of care.It performs several amendments, focusing on the study that it is presented regarding the requirements to have the status of insured person and beneficiary for publicly funded health care through the national health system.The Government proceed to change the requirements the status of insured demanding since the entry into force, as an indispensable element to have the right to access to the health care of the national health system, the legal residenceexcluding, as a result, of his area of applicability by foreigners irregularly present in the country.Several organizations turn to the Ombudsmen to bring an appeal at the Constitutional Court, request that was not handled. That position was widely criticized because it violates International Treaties, so Spain was sentenced for violation of Article 11 of the European Social Charter in January 2014 by the European Committee of Social Rights (Conclusions XX-2 (2013)), calling into question the figure of the Ombudsmen for not taking any action in presence of a human right violation. ; Una de las reformas del Gobierno que más críticas ha recibido en los últimos años ha sido la realizada por el RDL 16/2012, de 20 de abril, de medidas urgentes para garantizar la sostenibilidad del Sistema Nacional de Salud y mejorar la calidad y seguridad de sus prestaciones. Realiza una serie de modificaciones, centrándome en el estudio que se presenta en la efectuada en cuanto a los requisitos necesarios para tener la condición de asegurado y, en consecuencia, tener el derecho a la asistencia sanitaria con cargo a fondos públicos.El Gobierno procedió a modificar los requisitos de la condición de asegurado, exigiendo a partir de su entrada en vigor como elemento imprescindible para tener ...

One of the reforms of the Spanish Government that has receivedmore criticism since the economic crisis began has been the one enforcedby Royal Decree‐Law 16/2012, dated 20 April, on urgent measures to ensurethe sustainability of the National Health System and improve thequality and safety of its services. He proceeded to modify the requirementsfor compulsory insurance coverage, requiring as a condition sinequa non to enjoy 'insured status' to have legal residency.Responses were immediate, among others, appeals on the unconstitutionalityof such measure, the right of conscientious objection of manyhealth professionals as well as the approval of the autonomous communitiesof legislation providing such protection, which, in turn, has alsobeen contested by the Government. While the resolution of this conflictis still pending at the constitutional level, international organizationshave already acted in this sense, being categorical in the issued resolutionscondemning Spain for breach of its international obligations.The central government announced, months prior to the elections,that it would modify this regulation, but, for now, no amend has beenmaterialized. While this situation continues, the law allows courts, underthe control of compliance with international law reflected in the arts.10 and 96 of the Spanish Constitution, developed by Law 25/2014, of 27November, Treaties and Other International Agreements, to protect possible claims and/or interpretations of the treaties contrary to its originalaims and to protect the medical staff against possible sanctions. Thus,the importance of knowledge of international law and its direct invocationas an instrument of effectiveness and enforceability of the rightsrecognized is rightly evidenced by this situation.

Quisiera comenzar esta recensión manifestando la satisfacción que supone para mí reseñar la reciente publicación del profesor García González, gran experto iuslaboralista con especial dedicación y larga trayectoria en el ámbito de la seguridad y salud laboral.