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Abstract
This article historicizes the transnational counterinsurgency that the U.S.-Philippine governments have conducted against diasporic Filipino/a/x activists. In examining the period of the Cold War to the early 2020s, it makes a case for recognizing existing continuities of counterinsurgency tactics targeted at Filipinos in the United States, such as extradition, deportation, surveillance, and assassination. The Philippine state's resort to red-baiting during the Cold War and contemporary "red-tagging" has aimed at the elimination of communism and terrorism at home and beyond its national borders, at the expense of human rights. This long history of counterinsurgency also highlights the acceleration and formalization of diasporic Filipino organizations dedicated to promoting democracy in the Philippines during the period of martial law under President Ferdinand E. Marcos, showing how diasporic Filipinos organized opposition not only to dictatorship, but also U.S. support for violent regimes. The transnational opposition against Marcos and then President Rodrigo R. Duterte has characterized diasporic Filipinos as a primary component of democratic movements in both the United States and the Philippines who have linked domestic racial oppression to U.S. imperialism and state fascism in the Philippines.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction: Our Voices -- Introduction: Our Histories -- Part I: Early Era, Indigenous and Global Roots -- 1. Mālamalama: Reconnecting as Native Hawaiian Women through Cultural History -- 2. Global Roots and Gendered Routes: Early Asian American Women's History -- 3. Two Sisters, Two Stories: Transnational Lives of Ume Tsuda and Yona Abiko -- Part II: New Intersections of Race, Gender, Generation, Communities -- 4. "Up to My Elbows in Rice!": Women Building Communities and Sustaining Families in Pre- 1965 Filipina/o America -- 5. Stretching the Boundaries of Christian Respectability, Race, and Gender during Jim Crow: Chinese American Women and the Southern Baptist Church -- 6. Stepping Onstage and Breaking Ground: Asian American Dancers Complicate Race and Gender Stereotypes, 1930s- 1960s -- Part III: New Cultural Formations, New Selves -- 7. "She Speaks Well": Language as Performance of Japanese American Femininity and Social Mobility in Postwar Hawaiʻi -- 8. History, Identity, and the Life Course: Mixed Race Asian American Women -- 9. Ancestral Ethics and Sāmoanness: Explaining the Contemporary Sāmoan American Women -- Part IV: Wartimes and Aftermath -- 10. Memories of Mass Incarceration: Mobilizing Japanese American Women for Redress and Beyond -- 11. Refugee Lifemaking Practices: Southeast Asian Women -- 12. "Defiant Daughters": The Resilience and Resistance of 1.5- Generation Vietnamese American Women -- Part V: Globalization, Work, Family, Community, Activism -- 13. Precarious Labor: Asian Immigrant Women, 1970s- 2010s -- 14. The Backbone of New York City's Chinatown: Chinese Women and the Garment Industry, 1950- 2009 -- 15. Women's Agency and Cost in Migration: Taiwanese American Transnational Families -- 16. "Revolutionary Care" as Activism: Filipina Nurses and Care Workers in Chicago, 1965- 2016 -- Part VI: Spaces of Political Struggles -- 17. The Mother's Tongue: Language, Women, and the Chamorros of Guam -- 18. Asian American Feminisms and Legislative Activism: Patsy Takemoto Mink in the US Congress -- 19. Opening the Path to Marriage Equality: Asian American Lesbians Reach Out to Their Families and Communities -- 20. Turning Points: South Asian Feminist Responses to Gender- Based Violence and Immigration Enforcement -- Part VII: New Diasporas, Diverse Lives, Evolving Identities -- 21. Locating Adoptees in Asian America: Jane Jeong Trenka and Deann Borshay Liem -- 22. "Let Them Attack Me for Wearing the Hijab": Islam and Identity in the Lives of Bangladeshi American Women -- 23. Navigating the Hyphen: Tongan- American Women in Academia -- Part VIII: Gender, Cultural Change, Intergenerational Dynamics -- 24. Linked Lives: Korean American Daughters and Their Aging Immigrant Parents -- 25. Negotiating Cultural Change: Professional Hmong American Women -- 26. Stories and Visions across Generations: Khmer American Women -- Reflections -- Acknowledgments -- About the Contributors -- Index