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The global health imperative -- Sectoral systems for health innovation and development -- India's advanced capacity in health innovation -- Health innovation systems in Bangladesh and Vietnam -- Kenya's health innovation capacity -- Nigeria and Tanzania's incipient health innovation capacity -- Health innovation and latecomer development -- Bridging the health divide : institutional capacity in latecomers.

This article examines how infrastructure development may best support structural transformation in developing countries. It critiques ongoing emphasis by multilateral financial institutions and other actors on infrastructure as an asset class and their focus on bankable projects. The article considers this approach too narrow for real economic transformation and argues development requires a more holistic approach, one that includes project assessment based on developmental criteria. Drawing on the pioneers of development and more recent literature on infrastructure systems, the article proposes development planning as a more promising approach and assesses how developing countries are faring regarding infrastructure planning for growth and transformation.JEL Classification: H54, O21, O40, P11

part PART I Introduction -- chapter 1 Innovation, knowledge and technology in late development -- part PART II Framework for knowledge in late development -- chapter 2 The generation and growth of knowledge in late development -- chapter 3 Technological capability and development -- chapter 4 Innovation, institutions and the role of policy -- chapter 5 Advanced knowledge infrastructure for economic development -- part Part III: States and innovation capacity -- chapter 6 India and China within global reach? -- chapter 7 Systemic collaboration and state support: Evidence from South Africa and Malaysia -- chapter 8 Rough road to the market: Constrained innovation and entrepreneurship in Nigeria, Ghana and Bangladesh -- part PART IV Findings and recommendations -- chapter 9 Conclusions and policy suggestions.

AbstractThe paper analyses collaborative learning in knowledge generation in biotechnology in two very late follower economies, namely, Nigeria and Ghana in order to compare the innovation and entrepreneurship experiences they present. We suggest that the quality of physical infrastructure, knowledge infrastructure (including appropriate human skills), in addition to institutions and incentives for innovation contribute in large part to observed processes of innovation success. Regardless of whether the initiating step is the incremental design or laboratory‐based R&D stage, these factors are critical determinants of commercialisation. We use empirical data from the public sector institutions collected through field level surveys to substantiate these results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

1 Sustainable Industrialization in Africa: Toward a New Development Agenda / Padmashree Gehl Sampath 1. - 2 Revisiting the MDGs in an African Perspective: Lessons for the Sustainable Development Goals / Olumayokun Soremekun and Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka 20. - 3 Challenges to and Opportunities for Structural Transformation: Africa's Service Sector / Padmashree Gehl Sampath and Donatus Ayitey 46. - 4 Linkage Dynamics and Natural Resources: Diversification and Catch-Up / David Kaplan 66. - 5 External Opportunities, Innovation and Industrial Growth: The Case of GVCs in Africa / Padmashree Gehl Sampath and Donatus Ayitey 85. - 6 Growth and Structural Change in Africa: Development Strategies for the Learning Economy / Bengt-Äke Lundvall and Rasmus Lema 113. - 7 Using Industrialization to Raise Urban Living Standards / Oyebanke Oyeyinka 139. - 8 Sustainable Development and Inequality of Opportunity in Africa / Olumayokun Soremekun, Oyebanke Oyeyinka and Dominique Haughton 173