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The purpose of this paper is to provide a high level overview of some of the issues and stumbling blocks Canada has encountered in building a diverse judiciary. Part 1 of the paper begins by providing a brief overview of the heterogeneous makeup of Canadian society against the homogenous makeup of the judiciary. This will provide a helpful backdrop from which to explore conceptual questions related to the question of why a diverse judiciary matters. Part 2 examines some of the historical questions and milestones in the judiciary related to diversity. Part 3 summarizes the judicial appointments processes and takes a look at Canada's recent history related to judicial appointments and judicial diversity – specifically judicial appointments under Prime Minister Stephen Harper's Conservative government and recent moves by the new Liberal government led by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. The paper wraps up with our thoughts on reforms that might signal greater commitment to diversity and inclusion as essential elements of an effective and independent judiciary.

The criminal justice system embraces, within its fold all those processes and institution, which concerns themselves with the formulation and enforcement of penal prohibitions, the adjudication of concrete cases relating to violation of such prohibitions and dispositions of those who are held guilty of violation. The ultimate objective of criminal justice system is the protection of society and preservation of such values as are considered, in point of their quality and nature, as appropriate for imposition of punishment. The criminal justice system in India is facing some challenges which it must overcome in order to survive by earning faith of the people for which it exists. The common man has no idea of the inherent lacunas in it and he is surprised when he finds that he does not get the relief or remedy which he may have justly expected and ultimately he loses faith in the system. It is therefore repeatedly felt that there is urgent need to review the entire criminal justice system.

Globalization is a trendy, intriguing, and compelling term, but it is also divisive, contentious, and problematic. It is also one of the 21st century's most talked-about economic, political, social, and cultural phenomena. Globalization, according to several writers, is a multifaceted phenomenon. Internationalization and cosmopolitanism, assimilation and fragmentation, universalization and homogenization are all part of this process, which is essentially an unavoidable dialectical mechanism involving rapid social, cultural, political, and technical change. As a result, these changes are occurring concurrently in many directions, at various sizes, and in various regions, demonstrating the interdependence and interconnection of all these disciplines, sizes, and scenarios. There are various facets of globalization that are influencing the current world, and each of these dimensions is inextricably linked to the others. Interdependency and interconnectivity are the two main processes and key tools of globalization that are responsible for creating a homogenized and deterritorialized world. Pakistan attempted to cultivate excellent connections with the rest of the world immediately after independence in order to capitalize on the opportunities created by globalization. However, it is critical to determine whether Pakistan can make use of the prospects as a developing country or whether the opportunities are solely available to industrial and developed countries. It is also important to examine Pakistan's efforts to integrate into the global community and to investigate its repercussions. This research article is a case study of Pakistan to study the implications of globalization on local culture and common citizens. For this purpose, a simple and direct research methodology was adopted by using both primary (including scholarly works, research articles, reports, case studies, and dissertations) and secondary sources (qualitative and quantitative data supplied by other scholars and agencies).

The movement for the Restoration of Democracy (MRD) was launched against the then military dictatorship in Pakistan in the 1980s. This paper is an attempt to present a historical sketch of the movement and also to discuss the role of the Left in that movement. The study considers those political parties as 'Left' which were following Socialist/Communist ideology, based in Sindh, province of Pakistan, specifically Awami Tehrik, a Marxist-Leninist-Moist party, and the Communist Party of Pakistan. This research is based on relevant literature, especially jail diaries and conducting interviews with victims of Communist Case registered by then military regime against communist leaders. The research addresses the events and mass movements launched by the Left in order to strengthen the movement for the restoration of democracy. Moreover, this paper shows how the Left converted a movement for the restoration of democracy into a great mass movement against the then military dictatorship. Key Words: Communist case, democracy, left, military dictatorship, movement for restoration of democracy, Pakistan, Sindh.

The development of SRL strategies is an important challenge for teachers and learners in the context of academic writing. In addition, research in the essential field of academic writing is lacking, which adheres to traditional teaching methods and techniques for language teaching. The current study tends to fill the gap by exploring the undergraduates writing motivational strategies and gender differences. This project aims to analyze the contextual factors, including the cultural impact of their choice of techniques used in English writing tasks. Data was collected via self-reported questionnaires on motivational writing strategies (Teng & Zhang, 2015). The results revealed mixed findings in the use of motivational writing strategies and gender disparities concerning motivational techniques.

Prior research provides various views on subordinates' workplace deviated behavior as retaliation against supervisory abuse, the effect of abusive supervision (AS) on subordinates as a group and their interpersonal relations gets poor attention. Grounded on the social exchange theory, the present study presents a model where a group of subordinates exhibits seemingly opposite discretionary behaviors in integration to combat supervisory abuse. In particular, this study posits that subordinates who experience abuse from the same supervisor form a group. This group bond provides them with enough power to involve in deviant behavior against their supervisor and supervisor's favored coworkers. Multiple source data were collected, and linear hierarchal regression in addition to process macro methodology was used for data analysis. Findings support the mediation hypotheses partially.

Globalization refers to more and more interdependence and Integration of relations among people, trade, capital flows, and migration, ideas and culture, religion and customs. Scholars and experts have been disagreeing about the denotation and effect of globalization. For some it is the salvation of humanity, the only way to promote universal prosperity and peace. But some Scholars also realize the fact that as a result of globalization states and its citizens faces the problems of social fragmentation: creating critical vulnerabilities violence and conflicts. The impact of globalization cannot be restricted only to economic process but the sphere of globalization is very wide it has influenced almost every aspect of human life. On the contrary the world is witnessing the scenario where few booming dominions or few influential countries because of the blessings of modernization trying to supersede the rest of the world or the weaker nations in every aspect: economically, socially, politically, through hard power and through cultural imperialism. This situation is a threat to positive and sustainable peace.