Suchergebnisse

Not Available ; The deccani sheep breed is a source for coarse wool-cum-meat. Gongali/ kambali is a traditional multi-purpose blanket with coarse deccani fibres. On an account of declining institutional and government purchases, the market for the kambali has collapsed. Thus, innovative approaches towards the use of deccani wool fibre will improve value added products that have potential market, which not only helps to provide livelihood security to the rural people but also improves export from the country as well address the burning issues like increasing demand, restoration of endangered sheep breed of the Deccan plateau, employment generation in rural and semi urban areas and will open new avenues in the field of research. Keeping in view the above advantages, coarser deccani wool fibres were softened with protease enzymes in order to attain pliable and smooth fibers, in turn can get good handle fabrics, thereby improving its processing and utilization. Enzymes being natural products are completely bio-degradable and require low activation energy to soften the fibres for further usage with enhanced fibre properties. Therefore the present study was undertaken to assess the performance characteristics of the deccani wool fibers treated with enzymes (Papain and Pepsin with 1, 2 and 3 per cent concentration). Among all one percent concentration enzyme treatment to fibers was proven to be soften the fiber without much change in its tensile strength. ; CIWA- ICAR and PJTSAU

We have used (i) Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectroscopy, (ii) ground-based Precision Integrated-Optics Near-infrared Imaging ExpeRiment/Very Large Telescope long-baseline interferometry, and (iii) ground-based spectroscopy from different instruments to study the orbit of the extreme multiple system HD 93 129 Aa,Ab, which is composed of (at least) two very massive stars in a long-period orbit with e > 0.92, which will pass through periastron in 2017/2018. In several ways, the system is an ¿ Car precursor. Around the time of periastron passage, the two very strong winds will collide and generate an outburst of non-thermal hard X-ray emission without precedent in an O+O binary since astronomers have been able to observe above Earth's atmosphere. A coordinated multiwavelength monitoring in the next two years will enable a breakthrough understanding of the wind interactions in such extreme close encounters. Furthermore, we have found evidence that HD 93 129 Aa may be a binary system itself. In that case, we could witness a three-body interaction which may yield a runaway star or a stellar collision close to or shortly after the periastron passage. Either of those outcomes would be unprecedented, as they are predicted to be low-frequency events in the Milky Way. ; JMA acknowledges support from the Spanish Government Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) through grant AYA2013-40 611-P and from HST GO programs 10205, 10602, and 10898. RHB acknowledges support from FONDECYT Projects1 140 076 and11 121 550. The HST data were obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555.

Context. Massive stars like company. However, low-mass companions have remained extremely di cult to detect at angular separations ( ) smaller than 1" (approx. 1000-3000 au considering typical distance to nearby massive stars) given the large brightness contrast between the companion and the central star. Constraints on the low-mass end of the companions mass-function for massive stars are however needed, for example to help distinguishing between various scenarios for the formation of massive stars. Aims. To obtain statistically significant constraint on the presence of low-mass companions beyond the typical detection limit of current surveys ( mag . 5 at . 1"), we initiated a survey of O and Wolf-Rayet stars in the Carina region using the SPHERE coronagraphic instrument on the VLT. In this first paper, we aim to introduce the survey, to present the methodology and to demonstrate the capability of SPHERE for massive stars using the multiple system QZ Car. Methods. We obtained VLT-SPHERE snapshot observations in the IRDIFS_EXT mode, which combines the IFS and IRDIS subsystems and simultaneously provides us four-dimension data cubes in two di erent field-of-view: 1.73" 1.73" for IFS (39 spectral channels across the YJH bands) and 12" 12" for IRDIS (two spectral channels across the K band). Angular- and spectral-di erential imaging techniques as well as PSF-fitting were applied to detect and measure the relative flux of the companions in each spectral channel. The latter are then flux-calibrated using theoretical SED models of the central object and are compared to a grid of ATLAS9 atmosphere model and (pre-)main-sequence evolutionary tracks, providing a first estimate of the physical properties of the detected companions. Results. Detection limits of 9 mag at > 200 mas for IFS and as faint as 13 mag at > 10:08 for IRDIS (corresponding to sub-solar masses for potential companions) can be reached in snapshot observations of only a few minutes integration times, allowing us to detect 19 sources around the QZ Car system. All but two are reported here for the first time. With near-IR magnitude contrasts in the range of 4 to 7.5 mag, the three brightest sources (Ab, Ad and E) are most likely physically bound, have masses in the range of 2 to 12 M and are potentially co-eval with QZ Car central system. The remaining sources have flux contrast of 1:5 105 to 9:5 106 ( K 11 to 13 mag). Their presence can be explained by the local source density and they are thus probably chance alignments. If they are members of the Carina nebula, they would be sub-solar-mass pre-main sequence stars. Conclusions. Based on this proof of concept, we showed that VLT/SPHERE allows us to reach the sub-solar mass regime of the companion mass function. This paves the way for this type of observation with a large sample of massive stars to provide novel constraints on the multiplicity of massive stars in a region of the parameter space that has remained inaccessible so far. ; European Southern Observatory 096.C-0510(A) French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR10 LABX56 FWO-Odysseus program G0F8H6N European Research Council under European Union's Horizon 2020 research programme 772225 European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Program (ERC Grant) 337569 Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) BELgian federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through PRODEX grant Gaia BELgian federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through PRODEX grant PLATO Australian Research Council DP180104235