Suchergebnisse

4 Figuras.- 7 Tablas.- Material suplementario disponible en línea en http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/9/12/992/s1 ; The catalytic co-pyrolysis of grape seeds and waste tyres for the production of high-quality bio-oils was studied in a pilot-scale Auger reactor using different low-cost Ca-based catalysts. All the products of the process (solid, liquid, and gas) were comprehensively analysed. The results demonstrate that this upgrading strategy is suitable for the production of better-quality bio-oils with major potential for use as drop-in fuels. Although very good results were obtained regardless of the nature of the Ca-based catalyst, the best results were achieved using a high-purity CaO obtained from the calcination of natural limestone at 900 °C. Specifically, by adding 20 wt% waste tyres and using a feedstock to CaO mass ratio of 2:1, a practically deoxygenated bio-oil (0.5 wt% of oxygen content) was obtained with a significant heating value of 41.7 MJ/kg, confirming its potential for use in energy applications. The total basicity of the catalyst and the presence of a pure CaO crystalline phase with marginal impurities seem to be key parameters facilitating the prevalence of aromatisation and hydrodeoxygenation routes over the de-acidification and deoxygenation of the vapours through ketonisation and esterification reactions, leading to a highly aromatic biofuel. In addition, owing to the CO2-capture effect inherent to these catalysts, a more environmentally friendly gas product was produced, comprising H2 and CH4 as the main components. ; This research was funded by MINECO and FEDER for their financial support (Project ENE2015-68320-R) and the Regional Government of Aragon (DGA) under the research groups call. ; Peer reviewed

Resumen del trabajo presentado al ChemOnTubes, celebrado en Bruselas (Bélgica) del 3 al 7 de abril de 2016. ; This work has been funded by MINECO and European Regional Development Fund (ENE2013-48816-C5-5-R NANOSOL-MAT), CSIC (project 2015801011 Intramural), Government of Aragón and European Social Fund (DGA-ESF-T66 Grupo Consolidado) and European Commission (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-ETN 642742 Enabling Excellence). ; Peer reviewed

The robust adhesion of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to plastic substrates is a key issue toward their use in flexible electronic devices. In this work, semitransparent SWCNT films were prepared by spray-coating on two different plastic substrates, specifically poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride). The deposited SWCNT films were treated by dipping in suitable solvents separately, namely, 53% nitric acid (HNO3) and N-methyl pyrrolidone. Direct evidence of SWCNT adhesion to the substrate was obtained by a peel-off test carried out with an adhesive tape. Moreover, these treatments caused enhanced film transparency and electrical conductivity. Electron microscopy images suggested that SWCNTs were embedded in the plastic substrates, forming a thin layer of conductive composite materials. Raman spectroscopy detected a certain level of doping in the SWCNTs after the chemical treatments, which particularly affected metallic nanotubes in the case of the HNO3 treatment. The microscopic adhesion and hardness of the SWCNT films were studied through a nanoscratch test. Overall, the efficiency of selected chemical postdeposition treatments for improving the SWCNT adhesion and the robustness of the resulting SWCNT films are demonstrated on flexible substrates of different chemical compositions. ; This work has been funded by the MINECO and the European Regional Development Fund (ENE 2016-79282-C5-1-R), the Government of Aragón (T03-17R and E14-17R), and the European Commission (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-ETN 642742 "Enabling Excellence"). ; Peer reviewed

Resumen del trabajo presentado al Nanomath, celebrado en Toulouse (Francia) del 27 al 30 de junio de 2016. ; This work has been funcled by MINECO ancl Europea.n Regional Development Funcl (ENE2013-48816-C5-5-R "NANOSOL-MAT"), CSIC (project 2015801011 "Int.ramural"), Government of Aragón and European Social Fund (DGA-ESF-T66 "Grupo Consolidado") ancl European Commission (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014-ETN 642742 "Enabling Excellcnce"). ; Peer reviewed

5 Tablas, 7 Figuras.-- Material suplementario disponible en línea en la página web del editor. ; Controlling the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles in fluids directly impacts on their liquid phase processing and applications in nanofluidics, thermal engineering, biomedicine and printed electronics. In this work, the temperature dependent viscosity of various aqueous nanofluids containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene oxide (GO), i.e. 1D and 2D nanoparticles with extreme aspect ratios, is analyzed by empirical and predictive physical models. The focus is to understand how the nanoparticle shape, concentration, motion degrees and surface chemistry affect the viscosity of diluted dispersions. To this end, experimental results from capillary viscosimeters are first examined in terms of the energy of viscous flow and the maximum packing fraction applying the Maron-Pierce model. Next, a comparison of the experimental data with predictive physical models is carried out in terms of nanoparticle characteristics that affect the viscosity of the fluid, mostly their aspect ratio. The analysis of intrinsic viscosity data leads to a general understanding of motion modes for carbon nanoparticles, including those with extreme aspect ratios, in a flowing liquid. The resulting universal curve might be extended to the prediction of the viscosity for any kind of 1D and 2D nanoparticles in dilute suspensions. ; This work has been funded by the Spanish MINEICO under the project ENE 2016-79282-C5-1-R (AEI/FEDER, UE), the Government of Aragón (Grupo reconocido T03-20R) and associated EU Regional Development Funds (DGA/FEDER, UE). SVR thanks Spanish MINEICO for her PhD grant (BES2014-068727 and associated EU Social Funds). J.M.G.-D. greatly acknowledges Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICINN, formerly MINEICO) for his "Juan de la Cierva – incorporación" grant (Ref. JCI-2016-27789). We also acknowledge institutional support from the Unit of Information Resources for Research at the "Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas" (CSIC) for the article-processing charges contribution. ; Peer reviewed