Suchergebnisse

This book begins with a brief description of the legal foundations of the corporative labor relations system in Brazil. It analyzes strike activity in Brazil as it increased in frequency and intensity from 1945 to 1963 while undergoing fundamental changes in composition.

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Describir el movimiento estudiantil de los años sesenta en Aguascalientes es el propósito general de este artículo. Presentamos expresiones contraculturales de estudiantes del Instituto Autónomo de Ciencias y Tecnología de Aguascalientes, en el contexto de una rebeldía generacional que tuvo una dimensión internacional. También analizamos la organización y movilización de estudiantes de ésta y otras instituciones educativas del estado, cuyos alumnos se solidarizaron con sus símiles de la Ciudad de México e, incluso, algunos de los jóvenes fueron asesinados el 2 de octubre de 1968. En tercer lugar, anotamos algunos rasgos de la rebeldía juvenil que desembocó en la lucha armada. Al final, todo ello fue parte de una lucha con un objetivo común: transformar la cultura y la sociedad de un México al que le urgía más libertad, democracia y justicia.

AbstractThis article examines recent changes in working-class collective actions. First it explains which were the main causes for the decline of traditional labor union militancy resulting from effects of economic stabilization, neoliberalization, and globalization on those key segments of labor movement that accounted for the backbone of union militancy as in the case of the automotive workers, bank workers, steelworkers, and civil servants of the Brazilian economy during the decade of the 1990s. Secondly, the article analyzes the emergence of alternative forms of worker contention among the urban informal sector and the rural workers through the landless workers movement, which also have been affected by the processes of neoliberalization and globalization, but unlike the workers in the formal sector, these continue to contend for worker entitlements and introduce new forms of worker organization different from the conventional union organizations upon which is based the Brazilian labor movement.

Bajo la tesis de que la política educativa no es el resultado de elecciones hechas por un grupo de expertos (tecnócratas y políticos), a partir de un conjunto de opciones, sino el resultado del enfrentamiento de fuerzas sociales y políticas, en este artículo se estudia el movimiento magisterial que tuvo una repercusión importante en la toma de decisiones del gobierno del estado en materia educativa nacional. En particular, el articulo analiza la resistencia del Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación a la modernización de la educación impulsada por el gobierno, así como la intervención de otros grupos sociales en el movimiento, la manera como se dieron las negociaciones a nivel cupular y los acuerdos a los que llevó finalmente.

Investigates social movements' promotion of democracy in Brazil during the transition from military dictatorship to civilian democracy, 1977-1989. This period may be divided into four phases: the first, 1977-1980, was characterized by sectoral contention against authoritarian rule. In 1981-1984, labor & urban popular movement leaders sought to create a national political organization that could serve as a coalitional umbrella for many protest groups. This coalition succeeded in electing a democratic president who would resist the power of the military establishment, Tancredo Neves, but he was stricken ill on the event of his inauguration & died without taking office. In the third phase, 1985-1987, urban popular movements contracted in the face of intense partisan competition, while labor movements embarked on a steady rise in strike activities. The final phase, 1988/89, was marked by sectoral competition as protest groups sought to make an impact on the constitutional reform process. Brazil's redemocratization was a complex process, it is difficult to identify a single causal role for social movements, because their actions were intertwined with those of other actors. 5 Figures. D. Ryfe