Suchergebnisse

Bovine brucellosis is transmitted by Brucella abortus and causes considerable economic losses to agribusiness. To determine the seroconversion rate attributable to vaccination of heifers with B. abortus strain B-19, 330 blood serum samples from 110 heifers aged three to eight months from five properties in the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, were analyzed. On day zero (D-0), blood samples were collected, and 55 heifers from the intervention group were vaccinated. The remaining blood samples were collected on days seven (D-7), 14 (D-14), and 21 (D-21). The serum samples were analyzed using the buffered acidified plate antigen (BAPA) test. The rate of seroconversion attributable to vaccination was calculated by subtracting from the seroconversion incidence rate in the intervention group the incidence rate of the control group. On D-0, 100% (110/110) of the heifers were negative in the BAPA test (95% CI [96.70 - 100%], p < 0.05). On D-7, the seroconversion rate was 94.55% (52/55) (95% CI [84.88 - 98.84%], p < 0.05) in the intervention group and 0% (0/55) (95% CI [0.00 - 6.49%], p < 0.05) in the control group. On D-14, the rate was 98.18% (54/55) (95% CI [90.28 - 99.95%], p < 0.05) in the intervention group and 0% in the control group. Therefore, seroconversion attributable to vaccination varied from 78.39% (84.88 - 6.49%) to 92.35% (98.86 - 6.49%) on D-7 and from 83.79% (90.28 - 6.49%) to 93.46% (99.95 - 6.49%) on D-14, respectively. On D-21, the seroconversion rate in the 55 heifers from the control group vaccinated on D-14 was 100% (55/55) (95% CI [93.51 - 100%], p < 0.05) but was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of heifers from the intervention group vaccinated on D-7. The results of this study allow making recommendations to the Official Veterinary Service on establishing a vaccination audit, with random collection of blood samples starting on day seven after vaccination in heifers considered vaccinated with B. abortus strain B-19 using the BAPA test as a diagnostic test and considering a minimum seroconversion rate of 75% to evaluate vaccination against brucellosis.

Bovine brucellosis is transmitted by Brucella abortus and causes considerable economic losses to agribusiness. To determine the seroconversion rate attributable to vaccination of heifers with B. abortus strain B-19, 330 blood serum samples from 110 heifers aged three to eight months from five properties in the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, were analyzed. On day zero (D-0), blood samples were collected, and 55 heifers from the intervention group were vaccinated. The remaining blood samples were collected on days seven (D-7), 14 (D-14), and 21 (D-21). The serum samples were analyzed using the buffered acidified plate antigen (BAPA) test. The rate of seroconversion attributable to vaccination was calculated by subtracting from the seroconversion incidence rate in the intervention group the incidence rate of the control group. On D-0, 100% (110/110) of the heifers were negative in the BAPA test (95% CI [96.70 - 100%], p < 0.05). On D-7, the seroconversion rate was 94.55% (52/55) (95% CI [84.88 - 98.84%], p < 0.05) in the intervention group and 0% (0/55) (95% CI [0.00 - 6.49%], p < 0.05) in the control group. On D-14, the rate was 98.18% (54/55) (95% CI [90.28 - 99.95%], p < 0.05) in the intervention group and 0% in the control group. Therefore, seroconversion attributable to vaccination varied from 78.39% (84.88 - 6.49%) to 92.35% (98.86 - 6.49%) on D-7 and from 83.79% (90.28 - 6.49%) to 93.46% (99.95 - 6.49%) on D-14, respectively. On D-21, the seroconversion rate in the 55 heifers from the control group vaccinated on D-14 was 100% (55/55) (95% CI [93.51 - 100%], p < 0.05) but was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from that of heifers from the intervention group vaccinated on D-7. The results of this study allow making recommendations to the Official Veterinary Service on establishing a vaccination audit, with random collection of blood samples starting on day seven after vaccination in heifers considered vaccinated with B. abortus strain B-19 using the BAPA test as a diagnostic test and considering a minimum seroconversion rate of 75% to evaluate vaccination against brucellosis.

Brucellosis is a infectious zoonosis with important health and economic impacts, both for animal production and public health. We aimed to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in beef cattle in the microregions of Araguaína and Bico do Papagaio in northern Tocantins and to verify whether there are post-mortem changes suggestive of brucellosis in the carcasses. A total of 2,871 serum samples (2,203 males and 668 females) were collected in the municipality of Araguaína between October and November 2019, from 76 beef cattle herds in 25 municipalities in the north of Tocantins. The screening for buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and confirmation test for 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) were conducted as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply (MAPA). Of the samples, 37.31% were reactive in the BAPA test, and of these, 26.24% were confirmed for 2-ME. Thus, 9.79% (281) of the total evaluated samples tested positive for the presence of brucellosis. The prevalence in males and females was 6.45% (142) and 20.81% (139), respectively. Among the herds evaluated, 77.6% (59) had at least one individual test positive for brucellosis, and at least one herd tested positive in each of the 25 municipalities sampled. As this study evaluated animals in a slaughterhouse, the higher prevalence of positive females may have been related to the disposal of animals with reproductive problems. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of brucellosis in slaughter cattle between the microregions evaluated (p > 0.05). No animals were reagent for brucellosis in ante-mortem documentation, and no anatomopathological changes suggestive of brucellosis were observed during post-mortem inspection. The most frequent post-mortem findings were contamination (43.91%), blood aspiration (17.36%), and pulmonary emphysema (15.98%). Considering the official results of the monitoring programs of the state of Tocantins and previous studies, post-mortem macroscopic inspection of carcasses may not be enough to detect animals with this zoonosis, and it may be necessary to take measures to promote animal and public health.

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a viral infectious disease that affects Equidae and is clinically characterized by intermittent fever, anemia, depression, emaciation, and edema. To evaluate disease dynamics in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, a time series of EIA cases in the period 2007–2019 was analyzed to describe the pattern of occurrence and define the autoregressive integrated by moving average (ARIMA) model best suited to make predictions of cases of this disease for the period 2020–2021. The modeling and statistical analysis of the time series were performed using R software. The ARIMA model (2,1,1) was evaluated by Holdout cross-validation, in which data from the periods 2007–2017 and 2018–2019 were used as training and test data, respectively. The analyses showed that EIA was endemic and non-seasonal in Tocantins. The ARIMA model (2,1,1) showed good predictive capacity adjusted for this time series. However, the prediction of 276 cases of EIA in Tocantins for the period 2020–2021 may vary depending on the demand for diagnostic tests for Equidae transportation and herd sanitation in farms considered infection foci. The ARIMA model helps predict the number of EIA cases in Tocantins and improves planning for disease control by the Official Veterinary Service.