Suchergebnisse

Trata-se de uma investigação sobre coalizão de governo, oposição e migrações partidárias no estado de Goiás, para identificar padrões de oposição e de apoio dos deputados estaduais ao governador e a influência no fator governabilidade. O período abarcado é de 2019 a 2023 (19ª legislatura), com leitura das três legislaturas anteriores para colher subsídios comparativos. Foram identificados os deputados de oposição que migraram para o governismo, utilizando-se de análise longitudinal e descritiva. No plano conceitual e teórico, são discutidas coalizões, governabilidade e relação executivo-legislativo. Identifica-se que os níveis de apoio parlamentar às proposições do Executivo são bem semelhantes entre oposicionistas e governistas. O estudo alarga conhecimentos sobre a dinâmica governismo-oposição em contexto subnacional e ajuda a compreender o processo político em Goiás nos últimos 20 anos.

Abstract
What is the role of family planning interventions on fertility, savings, human capital investment and development? To examine this, endogenous unwanted fertility is embedded in an otherwise standard quantity–quality overlapping generations model of fertility and growth. The model features costly fertility control and families can (partially) insure against a fertility risk by using costly modern contraceptives. In the event of unexpected pregnancies, households can also opt to abort some pregnancies, at a cost. Given the number of children born, parents decide how much education to provide and how much to save out of their income. We fit the model to Kenyan data, implement several family planning policies and decompose their aggregate effects. Our results suggest that with a small government budget (say, up to 0.5% of GDP), family planning interventions might be more cost-effective in improving long-run living standards than policies that subsidise basic education.

Published Online June 12 2020 ; Governments worldwide locked down their economies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This column considers two lockdown policies – a stay-at-home order and a test-and-quarantine approach – and their projected effects on deaths and GDP. Adjustments in individual behaviour, especially by the elderly, can save many lives, while lockdown policies targeted at the young prolongs the time need to reach herd immunity and could lead to more deaths in the long run. Testing and quarantining is an effective policy but requires about 10 million tests each week for the US alone.

How might policies that promote marriage and/or dissuade divorce help in the fight against HIV/AIDS? This question is addressed employing a choice-theoretic general equilibrium search model, using Malawi as a case study. In the framework developed, individuals can choose between married and single life. A single person can select among abstinence and sex with or without a condom. The results suggest that marriage-friendly policies can help to abate HIV/AIDS. The policy predictions that obtain from general equilibrium analysis are compared with those that arise from simulated synthetic field experiments and epidemiological studies.

Has there been an increase in positive assortative mating? Does assortative mating contribute to household income inequality? Data from the United States Census Bureau suggests there has been a rise in assortative mating. Additionally, assortative mating affects household income inequality. In particular, if matching in 2005 between husbands and wives had been random, instead of the pattern observed in the data, then the Gini coefficient would have fallen from the observed 0.43 to 0.34, so that income inequality would be smaller. Thus, assortative mating is important for income inequality. The high level of married female labor-force participation in 2005 is important for this result.