Suchergebnisse

Resumo O quadro geral de desregulamentação econômica, de mobilidade dos fatores de produção e de digitalização da economia acelerou os processos de competição fiscal prejudicial e de planejamento tributário agressivo, aumentando os problemas relacionados à determinação dos direitos fiscais e à partilha de lucros entre os Estados, e colocando em causa as regras do regime tributário internacional. Desde a crise de 2008, o referido regime passou por importantes reformas, com destaque para o Acordo Tributário Global, em 2021. Tendo como referência teórica o debate normativo em torno de questões de justiça no regime tributário internacional, principalmente o cosmopolitismo e o internacionalismo, este artigo analisa esse processo de reforma.

Texto original publicado na revista Science & Society em 1966. Trata-se de uma tradução cuja versão original não possui resumo.

Com base nas principais contribuições da teoria política normativa sobre justiça global e ética da migração, o presente artigo avalia os pactos globais sobre refugiados e migração, aprovados pela Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas em dezembro de 2018. O conjunto de conclusões indica que os pactos constituem um avanço importante em projetos e compromissos morais e políticos globais, porém a operação dos seus termos previstos pode trazer e manter problemas, distorções e impasses no compartilhamento de responsabilidades. ; Con base en los principales aportes de la teoría política normativa sobre justicia global y ética migratoria, este artículo evalúa los Pactos globales sobre refugiados y migración, aprobados por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas en diciembre de 2018. El conjunto de conclusiones indica que los Pactos constituyen un importante avance en los proyectos y compromisos morales y políticos globales. Sin embargo, la aplicación de lostérminos previstos puede generar problemas, distorsiones y estancamientos en el reparto de responsabilidades. ; Based on the main contributions of normative political theory on global justice and migration ethics, this article assesses the global Compacts on refugees and migration, approved by the United Nations General Assembly in December 2018. The set of conclusions indicates that the Compacts constitute an important advance in global moral and political projects and commitments. However, the application of their predicted terms can bring about problems, distortions, and impasses in the sharing of responsibilities.

Though the idea of horizontal networked, bottom-up communication processes is present in many discussions of the role of digital media in the context of social movements, not many studies point to the processes behind the creation and publication of authorial testimonial content by regular people, that is, content produced in situ at the heat of the moment whose author is neither media nor political actors. Through 10 interviews structured according to Proulx and colleagues' ICT social appropriation framework (2017), with users that have created and published such type of content on Twitter with the hashtag #ForaTemer in the aftermath of Rousseff's impeachment in Brazil in 2016.This paper discusses why and how ordinary people take media matters in their own hands as a form of political action, even though it may apparently be dressed up with different communicative functions, such as emulating the pretense neutrality and objectivity of media discourse. Findings point to a convergent media critique as main motivator, followed by the aim to connect the absent and to scrutinize police abuse. The aggregated result seems to point to a manifestation of collective intelligence, characterized by swarm-like logics and alienation from the complete result of the #ForaTemer publications.Research funded by CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2016-21160426. ; Apesar da ideia de redes horizontais e comunicação de baixo para cima estarem frequentemente presentes em discussões sobre o papel das mídias digitais no contexto de movimentos sociais, poucos estudos apontam para os processos detrás da geração de conteúdo testemunhal autoral por cidadãos normais, isto é, conteúdo criado in situ no calor do momento cujo autor não é nem a mídia nem um ator político. Através de 10 entrevistas estruturadas com o modelo de Apropriação Social de TIC de Proulx e colegas (2017), realizadas com usuários que criaram e publicaram tal tipo de conteúdo no Twitter com a hashtag #ForaTemer no contexto do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff no Brasil em 2016.Este artigo discute por quê e como pessoas ordinárias assumem o papel de criadores de conteúdo como forma de ação política, mesmo quando disfarçado com outra roupagem, como quando emula o discurso pretensamente neutro-objetivo do jornalismo. Resultados apontam para a crítica do sesgo midiático como a grande motivação, seguida do objetivo de conectar os ausentes ao evento e vigiar os abusos policiais. O resultado agregado aponta para uma manifestação de inteligência coletiva, caracterizada pela lógica de enxame e uma alienação do resultado final das publicações com o #ForaTemer.

Abstract Based on the major normative political theory contributions on global climate justice, the present paper analyzes the new international agreement on climate change, adopted at COP 21 in Paris (2015). Therefore, a literary review of the extensive normative theoretical discussion about global climate justice is made, with special attention to the two approaches that have permeated multilateral political negotiations - historical responsibility and equal per capita emissions. From this normative discussion, this paper recalls the global climate change negotiation process, focusing on the Kyoto Protocol. Next, the analysis emphasizes on the Paris Agreement in an effort to evaluate the normative questions on justice and equity within the environmental governance regime. Finally, the set of conclusions indicates that, although the flexibility of the Agreement has encompassed some dimensions of responsibility, necessity and ability to bear the costs, the most complex dimensions of justice and equity has not been completely solved, which may hinder the operation of environmental governance in a near future.

Based on the major normative political theory contributions on global climate justice, the present paper analyzes the new international agreement on climate change, adopted at COP 21 in Paris (2015). Therefore, a literary review of the extensive normative theoretical discussion about global climate justice is made, with special attention to the two approaches that have permeated multilateral political negotiations - historical responsibility and equal per capita emissions. From this normative discussion, this paper recalls the global climate change negotiation process, focusing on the Kyoto Protocol. Next, the analysis emphasizes on the Paris Agreement in an effort to evaluate the normative questions on justice and equity within the environmental governance regime. Finally, the set of conclusions indicates that, although the flexibility of the Agreement has encompassed some dimensions of responsibility, necessity and ability to bear the costs, the most complex dimensions of justice and equity has not been completely solved, which may hinder the operation of environmental governance in a near future.

In this paper the performance of Brazilian foreign policy in South America in governments Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Rousseff (2011-2014) is discussed. It is showed that this activity has expanded in areas that have greater consensus in the internal and external contexts. Thus, although with contradictions, the initiatives to make the infrastructure integration of transport, communications and energy in political project, the expansion of the role of the BNDES in the region and the advance of the regional technical cooperation have been increasing. ; Este texto envolve uma reflexão sobre a atuaçço da política externa brasileira na América do Sul nos governos Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014). Argumenta-se que essa atuaço tem se expandido em esferas que possuem maiores consensos nos planos interno e externo, daí os avanços, no sem contradições, nas iniciativas de tornar a integraço da infraestrutura de transporte, comunicações e energia em projeto político, na ampliaço do papel do BNDES na regio e no incremento da cooperaço técnica regional.

This article aims to analyze the dynamics of the relationship between Colombia & United States, with emphasis on the Uribe Government. For this purpose, the internationalization strategy of the Colombian armed conflict & the aspects of the U.S. intervention under Plan Colombia were examined. In the final analysis, this paper suggests that recent political changes in the United States have impacted the guidance for U.S.-Colombia relations. Adapted from the source document.

O artigo sugere que, nas duas últimas décadas, os governos mexicanos vêm adotando medidas políticas e econômicas amplamente afinadas com o modelo de integração econômica das Américas proposto pelos EUA. A adesão incondicional ao Nafta e o empenho para consolidar os projetos do Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano e do Plano Puebla-Panamá são exemplos fundamentais dessa estratégia.

The article suggests that, during the two last decades, the Mexican government has been adopting political & economic measures in tune with the economic integration model for the Americas proposed by the United States of America. Examples of this strategy are the unrestricted entry into North-American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta) & the effort to consolidate the projects for a Mesoamerican Biological Corridor & the Puebla-Panama Plan. References. Adapted from the source document.