Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- Shrinking space for wildlife -- Conflict between human, cattle and wildlife -- Law for wildlife protection or for game -- Colonialism and commercialisation of wildlife -- Colonial strategies on game and commodifying wildlife -- Conclusion.

"This book delves into the history of the commercialization of wildlife in India. It examines the colonial strategies that were employed in the commodification of wildlife resources specifically for lucrative domestic and international trade during the early nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century. It looks at how and why the colonial administration paid special emphasis on hunting and game sports which largely contributed to commodity capitalism in the form of taxidermy and wildlife exports. The author also critically analyses the wildlife laws and regulations promulgated by the colonial administration, such as the elephant protection act, birds and fisheries act, the forest acts, and studies how they have systematically brought wildlife under state control with a commercial motive. An important contribution to the environmental history of India, this book is an essential interdisciplinary resource for scholars and researchers of history, colonialism, wildlife studies, economic history, ecological studies, environmental history, Indian history, South Asian studies, and development studies"--

"This book captures the complexities of both development and environment, from the political economy point of view, to offer a broad economic and environmental history of post-independent India. It analyses the various components of constitutional provisions, policies, programmes and ecology protection measures during the post-independence period, i.e., 1947-2020. The author also investigates India's land and forest policies of the 21st century: Fair Compensation of Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation, and Resettlement Act 2013, and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, which pose a great threat to the ecology and environment. The volume argues, how on one hand the development agenda has undermined the environmental components for the first three decades of independence, and on other hand, how the popular vote-bank politics further has aggravated the issues related to environment in India. This book is an essential interdisciplinary resource for scholars and researchers of history, economic history, environmental studies, environmental history, Indian history, and development studies"--

Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables and Figure -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Land-Use Pattern and the Environment -- 3 Population and the Environment -- 4 Colonialism and the Ecology -- 5 Post-Independent India's Environment -- 6 Land for Development and the Environment -- 7 Electronic Waste and the Environment -- 8 Complexity of Land, Population, the Environment and Development -- 9 Conclusion -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author.

ARUPJYOTI SAIKIA, Forests and Ecological History of Assam, 1826–2000, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 388.

Environment and sustainable development have been accorded great emphasis since the last quarter of the twentieth century. In India, the environmental protection is enshrined in the Constitution of India (42nd Amendment) under the Directive Principles of State Policy in 1977. According to Article 48A, 'State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife in the country'. Article 51A(g) enjoins upon the citizens 'to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes and rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for the living creatures'.

This article attempts to analyse how the colonial project of establishing coffee plantations disturbed the self-subsistent traditional tribal system, damaged the ecology, and resulted in environmental decline in the Shervaroy hills of Madras Presidency during the nineteenth century. The thrust of the argument is that the colonial administration was least concerned about the tribal peopleÌs customary rights over forest resources, and their traditional administrative and judicial systems. The British administration, which disregarded the tribal system, not only encouraged the British planters but even condoned their patently illegal activities. In other words, the means adopted to set up coffee plantations in the hills/forests to favour the British planters led to the disintegration of the age old tribal socio-cultural system and their forest-oriented economy. It concludes that in the process of commercialisation, the colonial policy refused to accord due importance to ecology and environment as well as to the sustainable livelihood of the tribal communities. Instead, its only concern was with the British planters establishing coffee estates during the nineteenth century.

The article attempts to highlight the colonial commercial forest policy vis-à-vis tribal private forests in the Kalrayan hills of Salem and Baramahal region of Madras Presidency during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (1792-1881). Further, it analyses the different strategies employed by the colonial government to encroach upon private forests, dis regarding the traditional rights of the tribals. It concludes that the British administration intruded into tribal areas merely to bring the abundant forest resources under its sole control to further commercial interests, and not to protect them from the contractors or preserve the environment.