Suchergebnisse

The article examines the 'contradiction' between indigenous Amazonian people's opposition to hydrocarbon extraction and their participation in different scales of logging. It considers the literature on conflicts over resource extraction from the experiences of Joel Bardales, an Ashéninka man who leads both logging ventures and protests against hydrocarbon extraction. While scholarly debates emphasise collective responses, the article emphasises individual experiences as they motivate different strategies vis‐à‐vis resource extraction. Joel's statements, stemming from a context of a relational moral economy, reveal a position that does not reject resource extraction, but its refusal to engage in reciprocal relationships of care.

AbstractThis article examines the meeting of local and national reconstruction priorities in the wake of Peru's internal war (officially, 1980‐2000). I focus on the impact of the state's extractivism‐led agenda on indigenous Asháninka people's projects of remaking themselves into Asháninka sanori ('real Asháninka people'). Taking an Asháninka sanori‐centred analysis of their experience of war and post‐war violence, I propose an approach to understanding the impact of mainstream reconstruction efforts on survivors that centres on the latter's articulations of personhood. This approach, possible through ethnographic engagement, sets anthropology at the forefront of the necessary rethinking of mainstream reconstruction interventions to foster approaches that are supportive of survivors' priorities. The article explores a continuum of violence through war and extractivism that is undoing the networks of relations through which a group of survivors constitute themselves as people and communities and set their aspirations for the future.

Este ensaio propõe uma solução para o dilema imposto aos povos indígenas quando estes participam da política moderna. Por um lado, as organizações políticas indígenas são criticadas pelo uso de conceitos euro-americanos nas intervenções que realizam especificamente para expor suas demandas políticas. Por outro lado, questiona-se a credibilidade desses mesmos grupos quando suas representações não correspondem às ideias de indianidade dos Estados e das ONG's. Tendo como base pesquisas etnográficas realizadas entre grupos ashaninka, a sociedade amazônica de maior população, o autor convida para uma análise que olhe para além da política refratada nos discursos indigenistas propostos pelos Estados e pelas ONG's, e que dê conta de analisar as práticas políticas que são invisíveis a essas críticas: as práticas cotidianas do kametsa asaiki ('viver bem'), centrais para o processo de criação dos seres humanos ashaninka. O autor conclui que, mesmo que a natureza política do kametsa asaiki seja invisível para o Estado e para as ONG's, ela ainda tem efeitos importantes que, esses sim, são visíveis.

Peru introduced co‐managed Reservas Comunales (Communal Reserves) as an alternative to the 'fortress conservation' approach that characterises other protected areas where Indigenous Peoples tend to be excluded from both the physical space and managerial aspects of conservation regimes. Although these Reserves are lauded internationally as supporting Indigenous Peoples' self‐determination, this article examines the challenges that arise from the cogestión (co‐management) regime for Indigenous organisations and communities. Focusing on the 'responsibilisation' relationships created in the co‐management of two Communal Reserves, the article reflects on the different trajectories of this transfer of responsibilities, and the processes through which Indigenous co‐management organisations are expected to adopt the government's conservation goals.

A study informed by long-term fieldwork with Amazonian and Andean indigenous peoples examines their experiences of Peru's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Law of Prior Consultation. It engages with these efforts, which sought to address injustice by creating a new pact between the state and its indigenous citizens, their various failures, and the unintended opportunities that they have created for the political participation of indigenous peoples and their representatives.Un estudio basado en el trabajo de campo a largo plazo con los pueblos indígenas amazónicas y andinos examine sus experiencias de la Comisión de Verdad y Reconciliación y la Ley de Consulta Previa de Perú, que buscaba abordar la injusticia creando un nuevo pacto entre el estado y sus ciudadanos indígenas. Aborda sus diversos fracasos y las oportunidades no previstas que han creado para la participación políticas de los pueblos indígenas y sus representantes.

We are living in a time of crisis on planet Earth. Urgent calls for transformational change are getting louder. Technical solutions have an important role to play in addressing pressing global challenges, but alone they are not enough. After all, who decides what kind of transformation is needed, of what, and for whom? What principles guide those decisions, and how are decision-makers held accountable? This commentary article argues that these governance questions are central in any solution, in order to simultaneously address the planetary crises of forest and biodiversity loss and degradation and growing inequality. To this end, we examine governance in forests and around trees, in landscapes and on farms, through the lens of power and social justice. For applied research aimed at actionable solutions to these global problems, we propose a governance research agenda for the next decade that is both transformative and just.