Suchergebnisse

International audience ; Le professeur Charles Merriam, président du département de political science de University of Chicago, passe 6 semaines à Paris en 1929 pour y étudier le paysage des sciences sociales, afin de préparer le développement local du programme de sciences sociales de la Rockefeller Foundation. Son rapport, ici publié, est un point de vue sur le paysage des science sociales françaises des années 1920. Cet article propose d'explorer les conditions de cette prise de vue, en revenant sur les différentes dimensions de l'agenda du professeur Merriam. Le voyageur universitaire s'y rèvèle agile, poursuivant des objectifs multiples qui informent sa perception du paysage et sa cristallisation finale. Son rapport, plus qu'un simple témoignage, est une trace des forces, des contraintes et des possibilités ouvertes dans l'espace des sciences sociales et humaines par la mise en palce de programmes transnationaux de recherche et d'enseignement, sous l'égide des grandes fondations philanthropiques états-uniennes. ––––– Paris in the springtime : exploring the social sciences scene in 1929 Professor Charles Merriam, then Chair of the University of Chicago Political Science department, spent 6 weeks in Paris in 1929. His travel chore was to assess the state of the social sciences in the French capital, in order to install the social sciences program of the Rockefeller Foundation in France. His report, that is published herewith, offers a point of view on French social sciences in the 1920s. This article explores the conditions of this assessment, and peels off the different dimensions of Merriam's agenda. The academic traveler appears a versatile creature whose pursuits are many, all which shape his perception of the parisian landscape. Accordingy, his report is more than a mere evidence or account of that scene. It is a remnant of the forces, constraints and possibilities that the establihsment of transnational private research and teaching policies opened for all the protagonists of the developing social sciences.

International audience ; Le professeur Charles Merriam, président du département de political science de University of Chicago, passe 6 semaines à Paris en 1929 pour y étudier le paysage des sciences sociales, afin de préparer le développement local du programme de sciences sociales de la Rockefeller Foundation. Son rapport, ici publié, est un point de vue sur le paysage des science sociales françaises des années 1920. Cet article propose d'explorer les conditions de cette prise de vue, en revenant sur les différentes dimensions de l'agenda du professeur Merriam. Le voyageur universitaire s'y rèvèle agile, poursuivant des objectifs multiples qui informent sa perception du paysage et sa cristallisation finale. Son rapport, plus qu'un simple témoignage, est une trace des forces, des contraintes et des possibilités ouvertes dans l'espace des sciences sociales et humaines par la mise en palce de programmes transnationaux de recherche et d'enseignement, sous l'égide des grandes fondations philanthropiques états-uniennes. ––––– Paris in the springtime : exploring the social sciences scene in 1929 Professor Charles Merriam, then Chair of the University of Chicago Political Science department, spent 6 weeks in Paris in 1929. His travel chore was to assess the state of the social sciences in the French capital, in order to install the social sciences program of the Rockefeller Foundation in France. His report, that is published herewith, offers a point of view on French social sciences in the 1920s. This article explores the conditions of this assessment, and peels off the different dimensions of Merriam's agenda. The academic traveler appears a versatile creature whose pursuits are many, all which shape his perception of the parisian landscape. Accordingy, his report is more than a mere evidence or account of that scene. It is a remnant of the forces, constraints and possibilities that the establihsment of transnational private research and teaching policies opened for all the protagonists of the developing social ...

International audience ; Le professeur Charles Merriam, président du département de political science de University of Chicago, passe 6 semaines à Paris en 1929 pour y étudier le paysage des sciences sociales, afin de préparer le développement local du programme de sciences sociales de la Rockefeller Foundation. Son rapport, ici publié, est un point de vue sur le paysage des science sociales françaises des années 1920. Cet article propose d'explorer les conditions de cette prise de vue, en revenant sur les différentes dimensions de l'agenda du professeur Merriam. Le voyageur universitaire s'y rèvèle agile, poursuivant des objectifs multiples qui informent sa perception du paysage et sa cristallisation finale. Son rapport, plus qu'un simple témoignage, est une trace des forces, des contraintes et des possibilités ouvertes dans l'espace des sciences sociales et humaines par la mise en palce de programmes transnationaux de recherche et d'enseignement, sous l'égide des grandes fondations philanthropiques états-uniennes. ––––– Paris in the springtime : exploring the social sciences scene in 1929 Professor Charles Merriam, then Chair of the University of Chicago Political Science department, spent 6 weeks in Paris in 1929. His travel chore was to assess the state of the social sciences in the French capital, in order to install the social sciences program of the Rockefeller Foundation in France. His report, that is published herewith, offers a point of view on French social sciences in the 1920s. This article explores the conditions of this assessment, and peels off the different dimensions of Merriam's agenda. The academic traveler appears a versatile creature whose pursuits are many, all which shape his perception of the parisian landscape. Accordingy, his report is more than a mere evidence or account of that scene. It is a remnant of the forces, constraints and possibilities that the establihsment of transnational private research and teaching policies opened for all the protagonists of the developing social sciences.

International audience ; Le professeur Charles Merriam, président du département de political science de University of Chicago, passe 6 semaines à Paris en 1929 pour y étudier le paysage des sciences sociales, afin de préparer le développement local du programme de sciences sociales de la Rockefeller Foundation. Son rapport, ici publié, est un point de vue sur le paysage des science sociales françaises des années 1920. Cet article propose d'explorer les conditions de cette prise de vue, en revenant sur les différentes dimensions de l'agenda du professeur Merriam. Le voyageur universitaire s'y rèvèle agile, poursuivant des objectifs multiples qui informent sa perception du paysage et sa cristallisation finale. Son rapport, plus qu'un simple témoignage, est une trace des forces, des contraintes et des possibilités ouvertes dans l'espace des sciences sociales et humaines par la mise en palce de programmes transnationaux de recherche et d'enseignement, sous l'égide des grandes fondations philanthropiques états-uniennes. ––––– Paris in the springtime : exploring the social sciences scene in 1929 Professor Charles Merriam, then Chair of the University of Chicago Political Science department, spent 6 weeks in Paris in 1929. His travel chore was to assess the state of the social sciences in the French capital, in order to install the social sciences program of the Rockefeller Foundation in France. His report, that is published herewith, offers a point of view on French social sciences in the 1920s. This article explores the conditions of this assessment, and peels off the different dimensions of Merriam's agenda. The academic traveler appears a versatile creature whose pursuits are many, all which shape his perception of the parisian landscape. Accordingy, his report is more than a mere evidence or account of that scene. It is a remnant of the forces, constraints and possibilities that the establihsment of transnational private research and teaching policies opened for all the protagonists of the developing social sciences.

International audience ; Le professeur Charles Merriam, président du département de political science de University of Chicago, passe 6 semaines à Paris en 1929 pour y étudier le paysage des sciences sociales, afin de préparer le développement local du programme de sciences sociales de la Rockefeller Foundation. Son rapport, ici publié, est un point de vue sur le paysage des science sociales françaises des années 1920. Cet article propose d'explorer les conditions de cette prise de vue, en revenant sur les différentes dimensions de l'agenda du professeur Merriam. Le voyageur universitaire s'y rèvèle agile, poursuivant des objectifs multiples qui informent sa perception du paysage et sa cristallisation finale. Son rapport, plus qu'un simple témoignage, est une trace des forces, des contraintes et des possibilités ouvertes dans l'espace des sciences sociales et humaines par la mise en palce de programmes transnationaux de recherche et d'enseignement, sous l'égide des grandes fondations philanthropiques états-uniennes. ––––– Paris in the springtime : exploring the social sciences scene in 1929 Professor Charles Merriam, then Chair of the University of Chicago Political Science department, spent 6 weeks in Paris in 1929. His travel chore was to assess the state of the social sciences in the French capital, in order to install the social sciences program of the Rockefeller Foundation in France. His report, that is published herewith, offers a point of view on French social sciences in the 1920s. This article explores the conditions of this assessment, and peels off the different dimensions of Merriam's agenda. The academic traveler appears a versatile creature whose pursuits are many, all which shape his perception of the parisian landscape. Accordingy, his report is more than a mere evidence or account of that scene. It is a remnant of the forces, constraints and possibilities that the establihsment of transnational private research and teaching policies opened for all the protagonists of the developing social sciences.

In this introduction we will first elaborate on why municipal employees and services is a relevant and revealing theme in urban history, and then go on to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing scholarship. With particular reference to the contributions to this book, we will consider the consolidation of civic expansionism from the mid-nineteenth century. Next, we will examine the complex relationships that emerged between the executive and administrative spheres of local government, the changing role of central government and employees' responses to the needs and directives of the often highly politicized municipal power-base. Finally, we will look to further research approaches to open out this important, yet under-rated aspect of urban history.

In this introduction we will first elaborate on why municipal employees and services is a relevant and revealing theme in urban history, and then go on to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing scholarship. With particular reference to the contributions to this book, we will consider the consolidation of civic expansionism from the mid-nineteenth century. Next, we will examine the complex relationships that emerged between the executive and administrative spheres of local government, the changing role of central government and employees' responses to the needs and directives of the often highly politicized municipal power-base. Finally, we will look to further research approaches to open out this important, yet under-rated aspect of urban history.

In this introduction we will first elaborate on why municipal employees and services is a relevant and revealing theme in urban history, and then go on to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing scholarship. With particular reference to the contributions to this book, we will consider the consolidation of civic expansionism from the mid-nineteenth century. Next, we will examine the complex relationships that emerged between the executive and administrative spheres of local government, the changing role of central government and employees' responses to the needs and directives of the often highly politicized municipal power-base. Finally, we will look to further research approaches to open out this important, yet under-rated aspect of urban history.

In this introduction we will first elaborate on why municipal employees and services is a relevant and revealing theme in urban history, and then go on to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing scholarship. With particular reference to the contributions to this book, we will consider the consolidation of civic expansionism from the mid-nineteenth century. Next, we will examine the complex relationships that emerged between the executive and administrative spheres of local government, the changing role of central government and employees' responses to the needs and directives of the often highly politicized municipal power-base. Finally, we will look to further research approaches to open out this important, yet under-rated aspect of urban history.

In this introduction we will first elaborate on why municipal employees and services is a relevant and revealing theme in urban history, and then go on to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing scholarship. With particular reference to the contributions to this book, we will consider the consolidation of civic expansionism from the mid-nineteenth century. Next, we will examine the complex relationships that emerged between the executive and administrative spheres of local government, the changing role of central government and employees' responses to the needs and directives of the often highly politicized municipal power-base. Finally, we will look to further research approaches to open out this important, yet under-rated aspect of urban history.

International audience ; Transnational perspective at work : municipal American travellers in Europe 1900-1940 The circulation of experiments, people, technical and administrative devices marks the contemporary municipal scene. Those who organised and took part to this work of connections shared the conviction that municipal achievements could be imported, transferred and adapted despite radical differences in local contexts or national legislative realities. All along the 20th century, exhibitions, congresses, specialised periodicals and networks or associations of cities adopted this attitude. Perhaps this principle was most intensely developed through the work of American municipal reformers who scoured Europe for ideas and suggestions. This new sort of reforming Grand Tour developed from the years 1880-1890 when more and more American considered that the Old and the New worlds had a common destiny. Those last decades of the 19th century welcomed a considerable growth of the North-Atlantic cultural and intellectual trade, that from the 1930s was completed by an hemispheric concern towards Latin and South America. This article makes use of existing scholarship to map the travelling interests of American municipal reformers between 1890 and 1914, before scrutinising the series of travels carried on by a cluster of professional societies of municipal administrators and technicians in the 1930s. This double endeavour helps to understand the possibilities, constraints and limits of the European municipal travel. For its American visitors, municipal Europe was simultaneously a rhetoric tool, an inspiration and a beachhead to spread the gospel of reformed municipal government towards the rest of the world. ; La sphère municipale contemporaine est riche de circulations d'expériences, de recettes, d'hommes, de solutions techniques ou réglementaires. Les acteurs de ces circulations partagèrent l'idée que les expériences en matière municipale sont transmissibles, traduisibles et transférables au delà des spécificités législatives ou des contextes locaux. Au 20e siècle, divers périodiques, expositions, ou encore les travaux d'une association internationale comme l'Union Internationale des Villes adoptent explicitement ce point de vue. Mais c'est peut-être dans le regard et la pratique des visiteurs états-uniens en Europe que ce principe transnational a été le plus intense à partir des années 1880-1890 où le constat d'un devenir commun l'emporte sur la méfiance vis à vis du vieux monde corrompu et non démocratique. Les dernières dé¬cen¬nies du 19e siècle voient grandir l'échange nord-atlantique, qui dans les années 1930 se combine, de la part des acteurs états-uniens, avec un investissement hémis¬phérique en direction du reste des Amériques. On se propose ici revenir sur l'économie générale de ces échanges entre 1890 et 1914 (thèmes, modalités, milieux), avant de scruter plus en détail une série de voyages initiés par les organisations professionnelles d'administrateurs et de techniciens municipaux états-uniens dans les années 1930, afin de mieux comprendre les possibilités, les contraintes et les limites du voyage municipal en Europe. L'Europe municipale fut pour ses spectateurs américains à la fois un outil rhé¬tori¬que, une source d'inspiration et un théâtre d'opérations. ?????

International audience ; Transnational perspective at work : municipal American travellers in Europe 1900-1940 The circulation of experiments, people, technical and administrative devices marks the contemporary municipal scene. Those who organised and took part to this work of connections shared the conviction that municipal achievements could be imported, transferred and adapted despite radical differences in local contexts or national legislative realities. All along the 20th century, exhibitions, congresses, specialised periodicals and networks or associations of cities adopted this attitude. Perhaps this principle was most intensely developed through the work of American municipal reformers who scoured Europe for ideas and suggestions. This new sort of reforming Grand Tour developed from the years 1880-1890 when more and more American considered that the Old and the New worlds had a common destiny. Those last decades of the 19th century welcomed a considerable growth of the North-Atlantic cultural and intellectual trade, that from the 1930s was completed by an hemispheric concern towards Latin and South America. This article makes use of existing scholarship to map the travelling interests of American municipal reformers between 1890 and 1914, before scrutinising the series of travels carried on by a cluster of professional societies of municipal administrators and technicians in the 1930s. This double endeavour helps to understand the possibilities, constraints and limits of the European municipal travel. For its American visitors, municipal Europe was simultaneously a rhetoric tool, an inspiration and a beachhead to spread the gospel of reformed municipal government towards the rest of the world. ; La sphère municipale contemporaine est riche de circulations d'expériences, de recettes, d'hommes, de solutions techniques ou réglementaires. Les acteurs de ces circulations partagèrent l'idée que les expériences en matière municipale sont transmissibles, traduisibles et transférables au delà des spécificités législatives ou des contextes locaux. Au 20e siècle, divers périodiques, expositions, ou encore les travaux d'une association internationale comme l'Union Internationale des Villes adoptent explicitement ce point de vue. Mais c'est peut-être dans le regard et la pratique des visiteurs états-uniens en Europe que ce principe transnational a été le plus intense à partir des années 1880-1890 où le constat d'un devenir commun l'emporte sur la méfiance vis à vis du vieux monde corrompu et non démocratique. Les dernières dé¬cen¬nies du 19e siècle voient grandir l'échange nord-atlantique, qui dans les années 1930 se combine, de la part des acteurs états-uniens, avec un investissement hémis¬phérique en direction du reste des Amériques. On se propose ici revenir sur l'économie générale de ces échanges entre 1890 et 1914 (thèmes, modalités, milieux), avant de scruter plus en détail une série de voyages initiés par les organisations professionnelles d'administrateurs et de techniciens municipaux états-uniens dans les années 1930, afin de mieux comprendre les possibilités, les contraintes et les limites du voyage municipal en Europe. L'Europe municipale fut pour ses spectateurs américains à la fois un outil rhé¬tori¬que, une source d'inspiration et un théâtre d'opérations. ?????

International audience ; Transnational perspective at work : municipal American travellers in Europe 1900-1940 The circulation of experiments, people, technical and administrative devices marks the contemporary municipal scene. Those who organised and took part to this work of connections shared the conviction that municipal achievements could be imported, transferred and adapted despite radical differences in local contexts or national legislative realities. All along the 20th century, exhibitions, congresses, specialised periodicals and networks or associations of cities adopted this attitude. Perhaps this principle was most intensely developed through the work of American municipal reformers who scoured Europe for ideas and suggestions. This new sort of reforming Grand Tour developed from the years 1880-1890 when more and more American considered that the Old and the New worlds had a common destiny. Those last decades of the 19th century welcomed a considerable growth of the North-Atlantic cultural and intellectual trade, that from the 1930s was completed by an hemispheric concern towards Latin and South America. This article makes use of existing scholarship to map the travelling interests of American municipal reformers between 1890 and 1914, before scrutinising the series of travels carried on by a cluster of professional societies of municipal administrators and technicians in the 1930s. This double endeavour helps to understand the possibilities, constraints and limits of the European municipal travel. For its American visitors, municipal Europe was simultaneously a rhetoric tool, an inspiration and a beachhead to spread the gospel of reformed municipal government towards the rest of the world. ; La sphère municipale contemporaine est riche de circulations d'expériences, de recettes, d'hommes, de solutions techniques ou réglementaires. Les acteurs de ces circulations partagèrent l'idée que les expériences en matière municipale sont transmissibles, traduisibles et transférables au delà des spécificités ...

International audience ; Transnational perspective at work : municipal American travellers in Europe 1900-1940 The circulation of experiments, people, technical and administrative devices marks the contemporary municipal scene. Those who organised and took part to this work of connections shared the conviction that municipal achievements could be imported, transferred and adapted despite radical differences in local contexts or national legislative realities. All along the 20th century, exhibitions, congresses, specialised periodicals and networks or associations of cities adopted this attitude. Perhaps this principle was most intensely developed through the work of American municipal reformers who scoured Europe for ideas and suggestions. This new sort of reforming Grand Tour developed from the years 1880-1890 when more and more American considered that the Old and the New worlds had a common destiny. Those last decades of the 19th century welcomed a considerable growth of the North-Atlantic cultural and intellectual trade, that from the 1930s was completed by an hemispheric concern towards Latin and South America. This article makes use of existing scholarship to map the travelling interests of American municipal reformers between 1890 and 1914, before scrutinising the series of travels carried on by a cluster of professional societies of municipal administrators and technicians in the 1930s. This double endeavour helps to understand the possibilities, constraints and limits of the European municipal travel. For its American visitors, municipal Europe was simultaneously a rhetoric tool, an inspiration and a beachhead to spread the gospel of reformed municipal government towards the rest of the world. ; La sphère municipale contemporaine est riche de circulations d'expériences, de recettes, d'hommes, de solutions techniques ou réglementaires. Les acteurs de ces circulations partagèrent l'idée que les expériences en matière municipale sont transmissibles, traduisibles et transférables au delà des spécificités législatives ou des contextes locaux. Au 20e siècle, divers périodiques, expositions, ou encore les travaux d'une association internationale comme l'Union Internationale des Villes adoptent explicitement ce point de vue. Mais c'est peut-être dans le regard et la pratique des visiteurs états-uniens en Europe que ce principe transnational a été le plus intense à partir des années 1880-1890 où le constat d'un devenir commun l'emporte sur la méfiance vis à vis du vieux monde corrompu et non démocratique. Les dernières dé¬cen¬nies du 19e siècle voient grandir l'échange nord-atlantique, qui dans les années 1930 se combine, de la part des acteurs états-uniens, avec un investissement hémis¬phérique en direction du reste des Amériques. On se propose ici revenir sur l'économie générale de ces échanges entre 1890 et 1914 (thèmes, modalités, milieux), avant de scruter plus en détail une série de voyages initiés par les organisations professionnelles d'administrateurs et de techniciens municipaux états-uniens dans les années 1930, afin de mieux comprendre les possibilités, les contraintes et les limites du voyage municipal en Europe. L'Europe municipale fut pour ses spectateurs américains à la fois un outil rhé¬tori¬que, une source d'inspiration et un théâtre d'opérations. ?????

International audience ; Transnational perspective at work : municipal American travellers in Europe 1900-1940 The circulation of experiments, people, technical and administrative devices marks the contemporary municipal scene. Those who organised and took part to this work of connections shared the conviction that municipal achievements could be imported, transferred and adapted despite radical differences in local contexts or national legislative realities. All along the 20th century, exhibitions, congresses, specialised periodicals and networks or associations of cities adopted this attitude. Perhaps this principle was most intensely developed through the work of American municipal reformers who scoured Europe for ideas and suggestions. This new sort of reforming Grand Tour developed from the years 1880-1890 when more and more American considered that the Old and the New worlds had a common destiny. Those last decades of the 19th century welcomed a considerable growth of the North-Atlantic cultural and intellectual trade, that from the 1930s was completed by an hemispheric concern towards Latin and South America. This article makes use of existing scholarship to map the travelling interests of American municipal reformers between 1890 and 1914, before scrutinising the series of travels carried on by a cluster of professional societies of municipal administrators and technicians in the 1930s. This double endeavour helps to understand the possibilities, constraints and limits of the European municipal travel. For its American visitors, municipal Europe was simultaneously a rhetoric tool, an inspiration and a beachhead to spread the gospel of reformed municipal government towards the rest of the world. ; La sphère municipale contemporaine est riche de circulations d'expériences, de recettes, d'hommes, de solutions techniques ou réglementaires. Les acteurs de ces circulations partagèrent l'idée que les expériences en matière municipale sont transmissibles, traduisibles et transférables au delà des spécificités législatives ou des contextes locaux. Au 20e siècle, divers périodiques, expositions, ou encore les travaux d'une association internationale comme l'Union Internationale des Villes adoptent explicitement ce point de vue. Mais c'est peut-être dans le regard et la pratique des visiteurs états-uniens en Europe que ce principe transnational a été le plus intense à partir des années 1880-1890 où le constat d'un devenir commun l'emporte sur la méfiance vis à vis du vieux monde corrompu et non démocratique. Les dernières dé¬cen¬nies du 19e siècle voient grandir l'échange nord-atlantique, qui dans les années 1930 se combine, de la part des acteurs états-uniens, avec un investissement hémis¬phérique en direction du reste des Amériques. On se propose ici revenir sur l'économie générale de ces échanges entre 1890 et 1914 (thèmes, modalités, milieux), avant de scruter plus en détail une série de voyages initiés par les organisations professionnelles d'administrateurs et de techniciens municipaux états-uniens dans les années 1930, afin de mieux comprendre les possibilités, les contraintes et les limites du voyage municipal en Europe. L'Europe municipale fut pour ses spectateurs américains à la fois un outil rhé¬tori¬que, une source d'inspiration et un théâtre d'opérations. ?????