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This article offers a synthesis of the significant developments and progress of family nursing in Sweden. A review was conducted to locate Swedish family nursing research produced over the past 10 years. CINAHL, Medline, and PubMed were the primary databases used to locate approximately 75 family nursing studies conducted in Sweden. The majority of the studies used descriptive methods with data collected from surveys and interviews involving nurses and family members either together or individually. Only a few of the studies examined family nursing interventions. This article also reports the results of a recent survey of Swedish nurses that examined how family nursing is used in practice. After 10 years of creating a strong foundation for family-focused nursing in Sweden, there is still a need for nurse researchers, educators, and administrators to collaborate in the implementation of family nursing to practice.

The objective is to describe existing studies of effects of local safety policy (LSP), aimed at reducing risks, preventing injuries and improving the safety in a community, in an overview. LSP refers to all kinds of safety interventions including one- and multi-component interventions. Methods: We screened six databases for publications published 2000-2011 and selected publications through title/abstract and full-text exam. The search terms corresponded to the concept LSP. Studies of health care, crime, fire prevention, industry, terrorism, and traffic with motorized vehicles were excluded. The main findings were categorized as positive, mixed, and no intervention effects. Results: 22 reviews and 45 primary studies were selected. The safety domains/target groups evaluated in these studies include: home (n=272), child (n=253), whole population/community (n=142), elderly (n=130), bicyclist (n=67), pedestrian (n=40), and school safety (n=15). Education was the most frequently studied intervention followed by exercise/training and safety inspection/assessment. Bicycle helmet legislation, safety education, burn prevention, traffic calming, and fall prevention exercise programs were found to be effective for some age groups of the population. Conclusion: Positive intervention effects are contingent, dependent on many factors, and require a valid intervention theory and successful implementation. There is a need to support continuing collection of local intervention and outcome data, and to develop evaluation of local safety interventions. Implications: A policy implication of this overview is the need for supporting improved monitoring and evaluation of LSP. Support for continuing collection of high-quality data, preferably disaggregated, on safety interventions, incidents, and injuries on the local level would allow for better conclusions on intervention effects. ; Säkerhetsarbetets relevans och effekter

PurposeThe purpose of this study was from a Swedish perspective to map experts' opinions on theoretical statements of essential collaboration activities for management of mining injury incidents.Design/methodology/approachA Delphi technique was performed, asking opinions from experts in iterative rounds to generate understanding and form consensus on group opinion around multi-agency management. The experts were personnel from emergency medical service, rescue service and mine industry, all with operative command positions.FindingsThree iterative rounds were performed. The first round was conducted as a workshop to collect opinions about the most important multi-agency collaboration activities to optimize victim's outcome from an injury incident in an underground mine. This resulted in 63 statements and additional three were added during the second round. The statements were divided into one trajectory and seventh time phases and comprised, e.g. early alarm routines, support of early life-saving interventions, relevant resources and equipment for the assignment and command and control center and functions with predefined action plans for response. It also comprised shared and communicated decisions about each agency's responsibility and safety. All statements reached consensus among the experts in Round 3.Research limitations/implicationsThe experts included in this study seem to be adequate but there could be other experts and different statements that other researchers might consider.Practical implicationsThese statements could be used to evaluate collaboration in major incidents exercises. The statements can also be quality indicators for reporting results from multi-agency management.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the research field of collaboration and joint practices between and among personnel involved in rescue operations.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine emergency medical service (EMS) personnel's perceptions and experiences of managing underground mining injury incidents.


Design/methodology/approach
In total, 13 EMS personnel were interviewed according to a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.


Findings
An underground mining environment was described as unfamiliar and unsafe and, with no guidelines for operational actions in an extreme environment, such as underground mines, the EMS personnel were uncertain of their role. They therefore became passive and relied on the rescue service and mining company during a major incident. However, the medical care was not considered to be different from any other prehospital care, although a mining environment would make the situation more difficult and it would take longer for the mine workers to be placed under definitive care.


Originality/value
This study complements earlier studies by examining the EMS personnel's perceptions and experiences of major incidents.

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors that influence the probability that staff will commit acts of inadequate care, abuse, and neglect.Design/methodology/approach– A cross-sectional survey study was carried out in one county in the middle of Norway (Sør-Trøndelag). Random sampling, stratified by size of nursing homes, and location (rural or urban areas), was used to select a variety of nursing homes from a total population of 55 nursing homes. All staff working in 16 nursing homes working were asked to participate in the study. A response rate of 79 per cent was achieved (n=616).Findings– Findings reveal that location and size of the nursing home, age of the staff, education level, job satisfaction, resident aggression, and conflicts between residents and staff predict inadequate care, abuse, and neglect. The most consistent findings are that resident aggression increases the risk for all three types of inadequate care, and that conflicts predict different types of inadequate care depending on whether the conflicts are related to direct care-giving activities or not.Practical implications– Nursing home care is an important part of care for the elderly, and should be characterized by good-quality services. The relation between inadequate care and resident aggression, conflicts, and other factors shown in this study points to the relevance of further improvements in nursing home practices to minimize the occurrence of episodes of inadequate care, abuse, and neglect.Originality/value– This study investigated the relationships between 11 specific factors and different types of inadequate care in a nursing home context.

Background: High demands are placed on the emergency medical services to handle rescue operations in challenging environments such as tunnels. In Oslo, Norway a specialised management function within the emergency medical services, the medical on-scene commander, in line with the command structure within the police and fire brigade, might support or take over command and control from the ambulance incident officer arriving as the first ambulance personnel on scene. The aim was to shed light on the emergency medical service experiences from real tunnel incidents described by the Oslo medical on-scene commanders. Methods: Interviews were conducted with six of the seven medical on-scene commander in Oslo, Norway. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis. Results: The overall theme was "A need for mutual understanding of a tunnel incident". The medical on-scene commander provided tactical support, using their special knowledge of risk objects and resources in the local area. They established operation plans with other emergency services (the police and fire brigade) in a structured and trustful way, thus creating a fluent and coordinated mission. Also, less time was spent arguing at the incident site. By socialising also outside ordinary working hours, a strong foundation of reliance was built between the different parties. A challenge in recent years has been the increasing ordinary workload, giving less opportunity for training and exchange of experiences between the three emergency services. Conclusions: The enthusiastic pioneers within the three emergency services have created a sense of familiarity and trust. A specially trained medical on-scene commander at a tunnel incident is regarded to improve the medical management. To improve efficiency, this might be worth studying for other emergency medical services with similar conditions, i.e. tunnels in densely populated areas.