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Most latinamericanists will be interested and some fascinated by the aesthetic import of this epoch-making exhibit, jointly organized and presented by the Yale University Art Gallery and the University of Texas Art Museum. The purpose of this brief statement is to indicate some of its more important repercussions on the social scientist and historian which have potential research value. The first and obvious value lies in the fact that the catalogue presents in one compact volume all of the outstanding stylistic developments in painting, and to a lesser extent in architecture and engraving, from early Independence times to the present day. From a purely documentary point of view, excepting the few authentic, extant architectural remains, painting is the only medium that gives visual expression to the developments in the first half of the 19th century; so that the exhibition provides a basic research tool towards determining what the graphic representation of the socio-political developments of the period were. Even for the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this concentrated panorama supplies us with representative perceptions of how Latin Americans conceptualized themselves and their cultural traditions. We base our remarks on the paintings themselves and on an excellent representative catalogue. Catlin, director of the exhibit, with his collaborators (Grieder, Davidson, Deredita, and Faulhaber) will soon begin work on a scholarly volume which will interrelate the aesthetic developments with the social, economic and political developments of Latin American history in a thoroughgoing study.

Land reform as a subject of investigation in latin america post-dates its appearance as a political measure, and although its appearance as a plank in programs of liberal and leftist parties and movements has been in vogue since the Twenties, few serious studies that can be properly referred to as land reform investigation took place until the Thirties. Many of the early studies that may be cited as pioneer works in this field are fact-finding land use studies by the geographers (e.g., McBride in Bolivia and Chile), and some early rural sociological studies in the same vein (e.g., Carl Taylor in Argentina and the Consejo de Bienestar Rural study on the Venezuelan Andes). In many cases these types of studies have continued into the past decade (DeYoung in Haiti, Ford in Peru, and Fals Borda in Colombia). The wave of anthropological community studies (mostly rural) were microcosmic, pioneer type research on land tenure. There were few agricultural censuses upon which any sort of nationwide study would need to have been based and in general the basic reference material for land reform until 1950 was most spotty and conjectural.

Intro -- General Editor's Preface -- Introduction: Two Thousand Years of Urbanization in the Americas -- PART ONE: CONGRESS OF AMERICANISTS PAPERS -- The Selected Papers: An Overview -- SECTION ONE: METHOD AND THEORY -- Prehistoric -- The City and the Origin of the State in America -- Cause, Effect, and the Anthropological Study of Urbanism -- Colonial -- The Scale and Functions of Spanish American Cities Around 1600: An Essay on Methodology -- An Introduction to the Study of Provisioning in the Colonial City -- Independence and Modem -- The Influence of the Historical Process on External Dependency in the Restructuring of Present-Day Regional and Urban Networks -- Some Problematics of the Tertiarization Process in Latin America -- SECTION TWO: COMPARATIVE STUDIES -- Prehistoric -- The Temple Town Community: Cahokia and Amalucan Compared -- Ecological Factors Affecting the Urban Transformation in the Last Centuries of the Pre-Columbian Era -- A Comparison of Some Aspects of the Evolution of Cuzco and Tenochtitlán -- Colonial -- European Urban Forms in the Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries and Their Utilization in Latin America -- Urban Preeminence and the Urban System in Colonial America -- The Colonial City as a Center for the Spread of Architectural and Pictorial Schools -- Independence and Modern -- Cities and Society in Nineteenth-Century Latin America: The Illustrative Case of Brazil -- Services in the Contemporary Latin American City: The Case of Chile -- SECTION THREE: CASE STUDIES -- The Internal Structure of Cities in America: Pre-Columbian Cities -- The Case of Tenochtitlán -- Open-Grid Town Plans in Europe and America -- Military Influence in the Cities of the Kingdom of Chile -- The Urban Center as a Focus of Migration in the Colonial Period: New Spain.