Suchergebnisse

Primitive measures of utility—identified simply as positive (+), neutral (0), or negative (-)—were used in experimental work to show important differences in two-person co-operation between different structures, even though these structures have an identical rank-ordering of possible choices. Interpersonal comparisons and considerations of equity appear to account for the differences in results. It is suggested that further experimental use of primitive measures might be helpful in clarifying how interpersonal comparisons may affect emergent processes of cooperation in two-party situations.

With comment by Donald P. Irish, and a rejoinder. Adapted in part from the forthcoming book entitled, "Conflict between communities: American county seat wars." Includes an analysis of rivalries over county seat location in the Midwestern region of the US.

Though social scientists have largely ignored the phenomenon of conflict between local geographic communities in the modern world, such conflicts do occasionally occur. A comparative background on such conflict is presented, with contemporary illustrations from Northern Ireland & from Reggio di Calabria, Italy. A detailed analysis is presented of historical evidence from the nineteenth century on cases of conflict over the location of county seats in the US in which violence occurred; 49 such cases are identified between 1840 & 1910, largely in the Midwest. Conditions under which conflict is likely to occur between communities are defined. In Comment, Donald P. Irish (Hamline U, Saint Paul, Minn ) distinguishes the cases Schellenberg examines from actual warfare, & notes that conflict tends to occur primarily in the formative stages of counties. A functional analysis appears likely to yield an improved understanding of this type of conflict. In Rejoinder, James A. Schellenberg notes that the functionalist approach, while useful in suggesting parallelisms between diverse phenomena, does not so effectively explain such phenomena. Further evidence is noted for a concentration of county seat conflict in the Midwest. W. H. Stoddard