Suchergebnisse

The geography of networks and R&D collaborations, in particular the spatial dimension of interactions between organisations performing joint R&D, have attracted a burst of attention in the last decade, both in the scientific study of the networks and in the policy sector. The volume is intended to bring together a selection of articles providing novel theoretical and empirical insights into the geographical dynamics of such networks and R&D collaborations, using new, systematic data sources and employing cutting-edge spatial analysis and spatial econometric techniques. It comprises a section on analytic advances and methodology and two thematic sections on structure and spatial characteristics of R&D networks and the impact of R&D networks and policy implications. The edited volume provides a collection of high-level research contributions with an aim to contribute to the recent debate in economic geography and regional science on how the structure of formal and informal networks modifies and influences the spatial and temporal diffusion of knowledge.

The geography of networks and R & D collaborations, in particular the spatial dimension of interactions between organisations performing joint R & D, have attracted a burst of attention in the last decade, both in the scientific study of the networks and in the policy sector. The volume is intended to bring together a selection of articles providing novel theoretical and empirical insights into the geographical dynamics of such networks and R & D collaborations, using new, systematic data sources, and employing cutting-edge spatial analysis and spatial econometric techniques. It comprises a section on analytic advances and methodology, and two thematic sections on structure and spatial characteristics of R & D networks, and the impact of R & D networks and policy implications. The edited volume provides a collection of high-level research contributions with an aim to contribute to the recent debate in economic geography and regional science on how the structure of formal and informal networks modifies and influences the spatial and temporal diffusion of knowledge.

Thomas Scherngell erfasst die geographische Verbreitung von Wissenspillovers (entgeltlose Wissenstransfers) zwischen europäischen Regionen in der High-Tech-Industrie. Er zeigt, dass die Intensität von Wissensspillovers mit zunehmender geographischer Distanz signifikant abnimmt. Thomas Scherngell ist Universitätsassistent am Institut für Wirtschaftsgeographie und Geoinformatik an der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien.

One of the main goals of the European Research Area (ERA) concept is to improve coherence and integration across the European research landscape by removing barriers for collaborative knowledge production in a European system of innovation. The cornerstone of policy instruments in this context is the European Framework Programme (FP) that supports pre-competitive collaborative R&D projects, creating a pan-European network of actors performing joint R&D. However, we know only little about the contribution of the FPs to the realisation of ERA. The objective of this study is to monitor progress towards ERA by identifying the evolution of separation effects, such as spatial, institutional, cultural or technological barriers, which influence cross-region R&D collaboration intensities between 255 European NUTS-2 regions in the FPs over the time period 1999-2006. By this, the study builds on recent work by Scherngell and Barber (2009) that addresses this question from a static perspective. We employ Poisson spatial interaction models taking into account spatial autocorrelation among residual flows by using Eigenvector spatial filtering methods. The results show that geographical distance and country border effects gradually decrease over time when correcting for spatial autocorrelation among flows. Thus, the study provides evidence for the contribution of the FPs to the realisation of ERA.

In this study we investigate collaborative knowledge production in China from a regional perspective. The objective is to illustrate spatial patterns of research collaborations between 31 Chinese regions, and to estimate the impact of geographical, technological and economic factors on the variation of cross-region collaboration activities within a Negative Binomial gravity model framework. We use data on Chinese scientific publications from 2007 with multiple author addresses coming from the China-National-Knowledge-Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The results provide evidence that geographical space impedes cross-region research collaborations in China. Technological proximity matters more than geography, while economic effects only play a minor role.

Cross‐regional R&D networks are essential for regional innovativeness. Yet, we lack insights into technology field‐specific effects of a region's network connectivity. This study investigates key enabling technologies (KETs) to compare knowledge creation effects of EU funded R&D networks for different technological fields. By applying spatially filtered regression models together with marginal effect interpretations for non‐linear models we quantify and compare network effects across KET fields. Results show that the generally positive network effects differ depending on region‐internal endowments and the nature of the underlying technologies. Policy implications arise for the interrelations between EU research, industrial and regional policy.

Cross‐regional R&D networks are essential for regional innovativeness. Yet, we lack insights into technology field‐specific effects of a region's network connectivity. This study investigates key enabling technologies (KETs) to compare knowledge creation effects of EU funded R&D networks for different technological fields. By applying spatially filtered regression models together with marginal effect interpretations for non‐linear models we quantify and compare network effects across KET fields. Results show that the generally positive network effects differ depending on region‐internal endowments and the nature of the underlying technologies. Policy implications arise for the interrelations between EU research, industrial and regional policy.