Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the time daily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raise energy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although the recognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficial modification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden the scope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies. Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs, leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collective participations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), we may witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activités physiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentatives publiques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais si la conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population, le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place de nombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action mais surtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école, l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations) sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra, par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligé jusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the time daily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raise energy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although the recognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficial modification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden the scope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies. Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs, leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collective participations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), we may witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activités physiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentatives publiques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais si la conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population, le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place de nombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action mais surtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école, l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations) sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra, par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligé jusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the time daily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raise energy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although the recognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficial modification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden the scope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies. Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs, leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collective participations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), we may witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activités physiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentatives publiques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais si la conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population, le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place de nombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action mais surtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école, l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations) sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra, par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligé jusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the timedaily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raiseenergy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although therecognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficialmodification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden thescope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies.Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs,leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collectiveparticipations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), wemay witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activitésphysiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentativespubliques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais sila conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population,le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place denombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action maissurtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école,l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations)sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra,par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligéjusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the timedaily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raiseenergy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although therecognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficialmodification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden thescope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies.Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs,leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collectiveparticipations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), wemay witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activitésphysiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentativespubliques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais sila conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population,le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place denombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action maissurtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école,l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations)sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra,par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligéjusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; The increase of sedentary lifestyle in the French population and the decrease in the timedaily devoted to physical activity has raised public concerns. Promotional campaigns to raiseenergy expenditure and health awareness have recently increased. Nevertheless, although therecognition of such an imbalance is becoming more evident in the population, a real beneficialmodification is still far from a full success. Numerous working groups are seeking to broaden thescope of action and take advantage of environments that facilitate the application of strategies.Local settings such as schools, businesses, urban authorities and sports representatives (clubs,leagues and associations) progressively increase their engagement. Through large collectiveparticipations gathered in the PNNS initiative (Plan National Nutrition Santé 2011-2015), wemay witness a growing investment in the energy balance, an area that has been neglected so far. ; L'augmentation de la sédentarité des français et la diminution de la pratique des activitésphysiques ou sportives (APS) favorables à la santé suscitent de nombreuses tentativespubliques et campagnes de promotion visant à favoriser la dépense énergétique. Mais sila conscience de ce déséquilibre apparaît de plus en plus clairement dans la population,le passage à l'acte est encore loin d'être réussi. C'est pourquoi se mettent en place denombreux groupes de travail et de réflexion cherchant à élargir les champs d'action maissurtout à tirer parti de tous les environnements favorables à cette remise en forme. L'école,l'entreprise, les collectivités territoriales ou les acteurs du sport (clubs, ligues, associations)sont de plus en plus impliqués dans la participation à ce grand mouvement, qui verra,par le biais du PNNS 2011-2015, croître l'investissement dans un domaine un peu négligéjusque là : celui de l'équilibre énergétique.

International audience ; Objectives To investigate the evolution of anthropometric characteristics in World Cup rugby players and identify elements associated with performance.Design Age, weight and height were collected for 2692 World Cup rugby players as well as rankings in each World Cup, and collective experience of winners, finalists, semifinalists and quarter finalists in comparison to the rest of the competitors. Anthropometric parameters were compared according to age and position (back and forwards).Results From 1987 to 2007, forwards and backs have become heavier by 6.63 and 6.68 kg and taller by 0.61 and 1.09 cm, respectively. The collective experience of the forwards' pack is a value increasing with the final ranking attained, as well as the weight of forwards and the height of backs.Conclusions For all Rugby World Cups, the highest performing teams have the tallest backs and heaviest forwards with the highest percentage of collective experience.

International audience ; Objectives To investigate the evolution of anthropometric characteristics in World Cup rugby players and identify elements associated with performance.Design Age, weight and height were collected for 2692 World Cup rugby players as well as rankings in each World Cup, and collective experience of winners, finalists, semifinalists and quarter finalists in comparison to the rest of the competitors. Anthropometric parameters were compared according to age and position (back and forwards).Results From 1987 to 2007, forwards and backs have become heavier by 6.63 and 6.68 kg and taller by 0.61 and 1.09 cm, respectively. The collective experience of the forwards' pack is a value increasing with the final ranking attained, as well as the weight of forwards and the height of backs.Conclusions For all Rugby World Cups, the highest performing teams have the tallest backs and heaviest forwards with the highest percentage of collective experience.

International audience ; Purpose It is widely accepted in the literature that athletes of West African origins achieve the best sprint performances; while, athletes originating from East Africa are the most efficient at long distances. No epidemiological studies have measured the evolution of the contributing of each of these athlete origin groups from 100m to the marathon.Method Speed, morphology and geographic origin of the Top 100 male and female athletes (from 100m to the marathon) were collected and analyzed over the 1996-2012 period.Results The amount of male sprinters (100m, 200m and 400m) originating from West Africa increased from 57.7% in 1996 to 72.3% in 2012, while female sprinters from West Africa increased from 55% to 65% over the same period. This contribution has gradually increased from 400m to 100m for both sexes. For long distance events (3000m, 10000m and marathon), male athletes from East Africa represented 32% in 1996, which increased to 65.7% in 2012 and increased over the same period from 9% to 39% for women. In addition, male and female sprinters originating from West Africa have a significantly higher (p<0.05) BMI than athletes of other geographic origin. Conversely, long distances runners' BMI are significantly lower for runners with an East African origin (p<0.05).Conclusions The best performances are dominated by a few groups including the West African ancestry for the sprint distances and East African runners for the long distances. This dominance is strengthened from 1996 to 2012 for both sexes to the detriment of Caucasian and Asian athletes.

International audience ; Purpose It is widely accepted in the literature that athletes of West African origins achieve the best sprint performances; while, athletes originating from East Africa are the most efficient at long distances. No epidemiological studies have measured the evolution of the contributing of each of these athlete origin groups from 100m to the marathon.Method Speed, morphology and geographic origin of the Top 100 male and female athletes (from 100m to the marathon) were collected and analyzed over the 1996-2012 period.Results The amount of male sprinters (100m, 200m and 400m) originating from West Africa increased from 57.7% in 1996 to 72.3% in 2012, while female sprinters from West Africa increased from 55% to 65% over the same period. This contribution has gradually increased from 400m to 100m for both sexes. For long distance events (3000m, 10000m and marathon), male athletes from East Africa represented 32% in 1996, which increased to 65.7% in 2012 and increased over the same period from 9% to 39% for women. In addition, male and female sprinters originating from West Africa have a significantly higher (p<0.05) BMI than athletes of other geographic origin. Conversely, long distances runners' BMI are significantly lower for runners with an East African origin (p<0.05).Conclusions The best performances are dominated by a few groups including the West African ancestry for the sprint distances and East African runners for the long distances. This dominance is strengthened from 1996 to 2012 for both sexes to the detriment of Caucasian and Asian athletes.

Introduction – The lack of physical activity is a major societal challenge. In a context of increasing inactivity, physical fitness represents not only an important health indicator, but also one of the objectives of public, national and European policies targeted at the youngest populations. The aim of this investigation is to study the link between two determinants of health: body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness in teenagers. Methods – Physical fitness tests were carried out from 2007 to 2014 in six French regions among 49,631 high school children, aged from 11 to 18 years old. Sprint and endurance speed distributions, as well as the 3 minute shuttle-run sprint test, were assessed by age, sex and BMI through analyzes of variance and density functions. Results – The mean speeds measured in endurance and sprint tests do not vary over time, but progress with age. They are higher in boys. Children with normal BMI have higher mean speeds than overweight or obese ones (p<0.05). Density functions according to speed gradients identify an optimal BMI range for physical fitness. Discussion-Conclusion – Children and adolescents physical fitness varies with sex and age in response to speed distributions during sprint and shuttle-run sprint tests. As with the functions of survival or athletic performance, it changes with BMI as a result of a lack of active muscle mass or excess body fat. A healthy weight in the ideal BMI range allows for an optimal fitness. To simplify its measure, physical fitness (assessed by the speed of movement) can be used as an indicator of the level of physical activity practiced to assess health impacts on large populations. ; National audience Introduction – La sédentarité devient un enjeu majeur de société. Dans un contexte d'inactivité croissante, la condition physique représente désormais un important déterminant de santé autant qu'un objectif des politiques publiques, nationales et européennes, ciblant en particulier les plus jeunes. L'objectif de notre étude était analyser le lien ...

National audience ; Introduction – The lack of physical activity is a major societal challenge. In a context of increasing inactivity, physical fitness represents not only an important health indicator, but also one of the objectives of public, national and European policies targeted at the youngest populations. The aim of this investigation is to study the link between two determinants of health: body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness in teenagers. Methods – Physical fitness tests were carried out from 2007 to 2014 in six French regions among 49,631 high school children, aged from 11 to 18 years old. Sprint and endurance speed distributions, as well as the 3 minute shuttle-run sprint test, were assessed by age, sex and BMI through analyzes of variance and density functions. Results – The mean speeds measured in endurance and sprint tests do not vary over time, but progress with age. They are higher in boys. Children with normal BMI have higher mean speeds than overweight or obese ones (p<0.05). Density functions according to speed gradients identify an optimal BMI range for physical fitness. Discussion-Conclusion – Children and adolescents physical fitness varies with sex and age in response to speed distributions during sprint and shuttle-run sprint tests. As with the functions of survival or athletic performance, it changes with BMI as a result of a lack of active muscle mass or excess body fat. A healthy weight in the ideal BMI range allows for an optimal fitness. To simplify its measure, physical fitness (assessed by the speed of movement) can be used as an indicator of the level of physical activity practiced to assess health impacts on large populations. ; Introduction – La sédentarité devient un enjeu majeur de société. Dans un contexte d'inactivité croissante, la condition physique représente désormais un important déterminant de santé autant qu'un objectif des politiques publiques, nationales et européennes, ciblant en particulier les plus jeunes. L'objectif de notre étude était analyser le lien ...

National audience ; Introduction – The lack of physical activity is a major societal challenge. In a context of increasing inactivity, physical fitness represents not only an important health indicator, but also one of the objectives of public, national and European policies targeted at the youngest populations. The aim of this investigation is to study the link between two determinants of health: body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness in teenagers. Methods – Physical fitness tests were carried out from 2007 to 2014 in six French regions among 49,631 high school children, aged from 11 to 18 years old. Sprint and endurance speed distributions, as well as the 3 minute shuttle-run sprint test, were assessed by age, sex and BMI through analyzes of variance and density functions. Results – The mean speeds measured in endurance and sprint tests do not vary over time, but progress with age. They are higher in boys. Children with normal BMI have higher mean speeds than overweight or obese ones (p<0.05). Density functions according to speed gradients identify an optimal BMI range for physical fitness. Discussion-Conclusion – Children and adolescents physical fitness varies with sex and age in response to speed distributions during sprint and shuttle-run sprint tests. As with the functions of survival or athletic performance, it changes with BMI as a result of a lack of active muscle mass or excess body fat. A healthy weight in the ideal BMI range allows for an optimal fitness. To simplify its measure, physical fitness (assessed by the speed of movement) can be used as an indicator of the level of physical activity practiced to assess health impacts on large populations. ; Introduction – La sédentarité devient un enjeu majeur de société. Dans un contexte d'inactivité croissante, la condition physique représente désormais un important déterminant de santé autant qu'un objectif des politiques publiques, nationales et européennes, ciblant en particulier les plus jeunes. L'objectif de notre étude était analyser le lien ...

National audience ; Introduction – The lack of physical activity is a major societal challenge. In a context of increasing inactivity, physical fitness represents not only an important health indicator, but also one of the objectives of public, national and European policies targeted at the youngest populations. The aim of this investigation is to study the link between two determinants of health: body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness in teenagers. Methods – Physical fitness tests were carried out from 2007 to 2014 in six French regions among 49,631 high school children, aged from 11 to 18 years old. Sprint and endurance speed distributions, as well as the 3 minute shuttle-run sprint test, were assessed by age, sex and BMI through analyzes of variance and density functions. Results – The mean speeds measured in endurance and sprint tests do not vary over time, but progress with age. They are higher in boys. Children with normal BMI have higher mean speeds than overweight or obese ones (p<0.05). Density functions according to speed gradients identify an optimal BMI range for physical fitness. Discussion-Conclusion – Children and adolescents physical fitness varies with sex and age in response to speed distributions during sprint and shuttle-run sprint tests. As with the functions of survival or athletic performance, it changes with BMI as a result of a lack of active muscle mass or excess body fat. A healthy weight in the ideal BMI range allows for an optimal fitness. To simplify its measure, physical fitness (assessed by the speed of movement) can be used as an indicator of the level of physical activity practiced to assess health impacts on large populations. ; Introduction – La sédentarité devient un enjeu majeur de société. Dans un contexte d'inactivité croissante, la condition physique représente désormais un important déterminant de santé autant qu'un objectif des politiques publiques, nationales et européennes, ciblant en particulier les plus jeunes. L'objectif de notre étude était analyser le lien ...

International audience ; As opposed to many other track-and-field events, marathon performances still improve. We choose to better describe the reasons for such a progression. The 100 best marathon runners archived from January 1990 to December 2011 for men and from January 1996 to December 2011 for women were analysed. We determined the impact of historical, demographic, physiological, seasonal and environmental factors. Performances in marathons improve at every level of performance (deciles). In 2011, 94% of the 100 best men athletes were African runners; among women athletes they were 52%. Morphological indicators (stature, body mass and Body Mass Index (BMI)) have decreased. We show a parabolic function between BMI and running speed. The seasonal distribution has two peaks, in spring (weeks 14 to 17) and autumn (weeks 41 to 44). During both periods, the average temperature of the host cities varies close to optimal value for long distance race. African men and women runners are increasingly dominating the marathon and pushing its record, through optimal eco-physiological conditions.