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This study investigates the differences in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia within the financial services industry. Its purpose is to help financial services firms functioning in the international economy to design marketing strategies and day-to-day operations based on cross-cultural differences and similarities in socio-economic, political and cultural factors. The study uses data obtained from a survey of a total of 600 respondents. We find that important differences and similarities in preferences across the respondents of the three countries exist. For example, trust in the institution, stability, financial conditions, and performance rank among the most important attributes in all three countries. However, technologically related attributes, such as online-banking are unimportant in Russia. Some interest exists in all three countries for innovative services that financial institutions may benefit from offering.

This study investigates the differences in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia within the financial services industry. Its purpose is to help financial services firms functioning in the international economy to design marketing strategies and day-to-day operations based on cross-cultural differences and similarities in socio-economic, political and cultural factors. The study uses data obtained from a survey of a total of 600 respondents. We find that important differences and similarities in preferences across the respondents of the three countries exist. For example, trust in the institution, stability, financial conditions, and performance rank among the most important attributes in all three countries. However, technologically related attributes, such as online-banking are unimportant in Russia. Some interest exists in all three countries for innovative services that financial institutions may benefit from offering.

This study investigates the differences in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia within the financial services industry. Its purpose is to help financial services firms functioning in the international economy to design marketing strategies and day-to-day operations based on cross-cultural differences and similarities in socio-economic, political and cultural factors. The study uses data obtained from a survey of a total of 600 respondents. We find that important differences and similarities in preferences across the respondents of the three countries exist. For example, trust in the institution, stability, financial conditions, and performance rank among the most important attributes in all three countries. However, technologically related attributes, such as online-banking are unimportant in Russia. Some interest exists in all three countries for innovative services that financial institutions may benefit from offering.

In today's competitive business environment, financial services companies continuously try to find innovative strategies in growing their business nationally and internationally. Understanding customer needs and wants is an important part in accomplishing this mission. As customer needs and wants depend on a country's socio-economic, cultural and political background, across-country analysis is important especially for financial services firms that are doing business in the international arena. This paper investigates the difference in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia. We find important differences in the customer preferences as well as growth potential for some financial services across the three countries. The findings have important implications for a financial services firm's marketing campaigns, organizational structure, and product and service offerings.

In today's competitive business environment, financial services companies continuously try to find innovative strategies in growing their business nationally and internationally. Understanding customer needs and wants is an important part in accomplishing this mission. As customer needs and wants depend on a country's socio-economic, cultural and political background, across-country analysis is important especially for financial services firms that are doing business in the international arena. This paper investigates the difference in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia. We find important differences in the customer preferences as well as growth potential for some financial services across the three countries. The findings have important implications for a financial services firm's marketing campaigns, organizational structure, and product and service offerings.

In today's competitive business environment, financial services companies continuously try to find innovative strategies in growing their business nationally and internationally. Understanding customer needs and wants is an important part in accomplishing this mission. As customer needs and wants depend on a country's socio-economic, cultural and political background, across-country analysis is important especially for financial services firms that are doing business in the international arena. This paper investigates the difference in customer preferences across the US, Germany and Russia. We find important differences in the customer preferences as well as growth potential for some financial services across the three countries. The findings have important implications for a financial services firm's marketing campaigns, organizational structure, and product and service offerings.

Since 1972, the German Environment Agency (UBA) has been measuring continuously CO2 concentration at Schauinsland station (southwest Germany, 1205 m asl). Because of its vicinity to biogenic and anthropogenic sources and sinks, the Schauinsland CO2 record shows considerably variability. In order to remove these disturbances and derive the large-scale representative "background" CO2 levels for the respective area (southwest Germany) we perform rigorous data selection based on wind speed and time of day. During the past 30 years, the selected CO2 mixing rations increased by 1.47 ppm per year, following the mean trend in midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The average seasonal cycle (peak-to-peak) amplitude has decreased slightly from 13.8+/-0.6 ppm in the first decade (1972-1981) to 12.8 +/- 0.7 ppm in the last two decades (1982-2001). This is opposite to other northern latitude sites and is attributed to the decrease of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the catchment area (southwest Germany and France) and its respective change in the seasonal variation. Except for May and June, monthly mean CO2 mixing ratios at Schauinsland are higher by up to 8ppm if compared to marine boundary layer air, mainly as a consequence of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in Europe. The CO2 measurements when combined with continuous 222Rn observations at the same site allow an estimate of the net CO2 flux in the catchment area of Schauinsland: mean seasonal fluxes compare very well with estimates from a process-oriented biosphere model (SIB-2) as well as from an inverse modelling approach (Peylin et al, 2000). Annual CO2 fluxes vary by more than a factor of 2, although atnthropogenic fossil fuel CO2 emissions show interannual variations of only about 10%. The major part of the variability must therefore be associated to interannual changes of biospheric uptake and release, which are on the order of the total fossil fuel emissions in the same area. This has to be taken into account when reliably quantifying and verifying the long-term carbon balance and emission reduction targets in the European Union.